POWER GENERATION OF THERMAL POWER PLANT

. The kinetic energy of the molecules in a solid, liquid or gas
2. The more kinetic energy, the more thermal energy the object possesses
3. Physicists also call this the internal energy of an object

1. POWER GENERATION OF THERMAL POWER PLANT By SATHISHKUMAR G ([email protected])

2. Lecture Outlines Thermal Energy Parts of thermal power plant Energy conversion process Principle and Working Efficiency Merits & Demerits Conclusion

3. Thermal Energy 1. The kinetic energy of the molecules in a solid, liquid or gas 2. The more kinetic energy, the more thermal energy the object possesses 3. Physicists also call this the internal energy of an object

4. WHAT IS THERMAL POWER PLANT ? Thermal power plant is also referred as coal thermal power plant and steam turbine power plant. Generally in India, bituminous coal, brown coal are used as fuel of boiler.  To increase the thermal efficiency, the coal is used in the boiler in powder form.

5. PARTS OF THERMAL POWER PLANT

6. Energy Conversion Process in Power Plants Chemical Energy is Converted into Thermal Energy by Combustion In Boiler Thermal Energy is Converted into Mechanical Energy In Turbine Mechanical Energy is Converted into Electrical Energy In Generator Chemical Energy Thermal Energy Mechanical Energy Electrical Energy Fuel

7. Energy Conversion Fuel, Air and water produce steam in the boiler by combustion Steam of high temperature and pressure is expended from high pressure to low pressure in the turbine Thermal energy is converted into kinetic energy and finally mechanical energy This mechanical energy derives the generator to produce electricity

8. Thermal Power Plant can work in two Manners Production of electricity Production of electricity with production of steam for the use in industry e.g. paper mills, textile mills, sugar mills, refineries  

9. Efficiency Efficiency = Heat Equivalent of Electrical output / Heat of Combustion Normally η = 29% Losses: Boiler House Losses: a. To Dry Fuel Gases 5% b. To moisture in gases 5% c. To ash and un burnt carbon 1% d. To radiation and leakage 2.5% e. Unknown losses 2.5% TOTAL 16%

10. Efficiency . . . Turbine Losses: Heat rejection to Condenser 54% 3. Alternator or Generator Loss 1% TOTAL 55% Grand Total 71% So Efficiency = (100% - Losses) = 100% - 71% = 29%

11. Merits of Power Plant Fuel is cheaper Less space is required The initial cost is less Plant can be located near the load centre Turbine can work at 25% overload continuously

12. Demerits of Power Plant Maintenance and operating costs are high Pollution of atmosphere is one of the major problems Water is required in huge quantity Efficiency falls quickly below 75%

13. Conclusion It is necessary to reduce energy consumption at a global level in order to solve the problems concerning environment and energy, such as global warming, and most of all, it is required for the developing countries to take energy saving measures, where economic and population present a considerable growth. In Japan, energy saving technology was developed and today the energy efficiency of the Japanese power companies has attained the highest level in the world.

14. ` Thank you