Power Line carrier communication

PLCC is backbone of power system,without it we cant imagine power system in this world.There are many new technology also come like OPGW.

1. A PRACTICAL TRANING SEMINAR ON PLCC PURSUED AT JVVNL 2015-2016 GUIDED BY: SUBMITTED BY: Mr. Rahul Gupta Madhusudhan Agarwal ( Asst. Prof., ECE Dept.) (PIET/EC/12/065) Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Poornima Institute of Engineering and Technology, Jaipur 25-08-2015 PLCC 1

2. Table of Contents Introduction Definition History Types of Equipments Working Applications Pros and Cons Limitations Future Scope References Conclusion 25-08-2015 PLCC 2

3. 25-08-2015 PLCC 3 carrier Power line Transmission Power frequency Light POWER LINE CARRIER COMMUNICATION Communication

4. If you Observe Home , Along side road, Internet Lan , Telephone line, Power lines , High Tension lines , At Power Stations , and many more . 25-08-2015 PLCC 4

5. Definition 25-08-2015 PLCC 5 Fig 1.a

6. 25-08-2015 PLCC 6 Home Meter Transmission Line Data signa l Parameter 1.Voltage 2.Current 3.Power 4.Frequency RTU (ADC) Analog signal Display unit Is Normal 50Hz Okay yes Inform GSS Control No Frequency Modulation WORKING PRINCIPLE Fig 1.1

7. History The first significant step in the field was when two patents were issued to American Telephone and Telegraph Company in the name of 'Carrier Transmission over Power Circuits' in 1920. in 1924 two other patents were filed for the systems transmitting and receiving communication signals over three phase power lines. . 25-08-2015 PLCC 7

8. About JVVNL Rajasthan State Electricity Board started working from 1 st june 1957 On 19th July 2000 Government of Rajasthan divided RESB in five part so that board will run efficiently Rajasthan Rajya Vidyut Utpadan Nigam Ltd.(RVUN), the generation Company. Rajasthan Rajya Vidyut Prasaran Nigam Ltd.,(RVPN), the transmission Company . Jaipur Vidyut Vitran Nigam Ltd.,(JVVNL) , a regional distribution company. Ajmer Vidyut Vitran Nigam Ltd.(AVVNL) a regional distribution company. Jodhpur Vidyut Vitran Nigam Ltd.( JdVVNL ) a regional distribution company Contact Details Vidyut Bhawan , Jaipur, Rajasthan E-mail : [email protected] Website: http:// www.rajenergy.com/rseb.htm 25-08-2015 PLCC 8

9. 9 JAIPUR VIDYUT VITRAN NIGAM LIMITED ( Jaipur Discom ) is engaged in distribution and supply of electricity in 12 districts of Rajasthan, namely Jaipur , Dausa , Alwar , Bharatpur , Dholpur , Kota, Bundi , Baran , Jhalawar , Sawaimadhopur , Tonk and Karauli . JVVNL 25-08-2015 PLCC

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11. Equipments Of PLCC Indoor Equipment`s:- Indoor Equipments consists of a batteries bank of battery charger of required ratings and carrier sets. Battery used in the system has 48V/DC. Outdoor Equipment`s:- Equipments which are outside the control room, in yard are called outdoor equipments. 25-08-2015 PLCC 11

12. EQUIPMENTS OUTDOOR EQUIPMENT Line Trap Line Matching Unit Balancing Transformer High Frequency Cable Capacitor Voltage Transformer INDOOR EQUIPMENT Carrier Terminal Lighting Arrester Battery Charger EPAX PLCC Cabinet 25-08-2015 PLCC 12

13. OUTDOOR EQUIPMENTS LINE TRAP It is also called "Wave trap". It is connected in series with the power (transmission) line. It blocks the high frequency carrier waves 25-08-2015 PLCC 13

14. Specification Operating voltage 145KV RMS Operating Current 31KA Type of tuning Board Band Material use Non-Magnetic Capacitance 13200pF 25-08-2015 PLCC 14

15. OUTDOOR EQUIPMENTS BALANCING TRANSFORMER Balancing transformer (BT) is used when phase to phase communication system is used for balancing the two LMU The diagram of balancing transformer is shown in figure 3.1. As shown in diagram is very less in size but it is play a vital role in power line carrier communication. Fig 3.1: Balancing Transformer (BT) 25-08-2015 PLCC 15

16. OUTDOOR EQUIPMENTS HIGH FREQUENCY CABLE (HFC ): It is used to carry the signal from PLCC cabinet to switch yard LINE MATCHING UNIT: Tuning Device is the combination of R-L-C circuits which act as filter circuit. LMU is also known as Coupling Device. Together with coupling capacitor, LMU serves the purpose of connecting effectively the Audio/Radio frequency signals to either transmission line or PLC terminal and protection of the PLCC unit from the over voltages CAPACITOR VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER: It allows to pass the frequency to line. It provides low impedance path for carrier energy to HV line and blocks the power frequency . Circuit by being a high impedance path easily 25-08-2015 PLCC 16

17. Specification(LMU) Operating voltage 25.5-70.7V Maximum watt 16W Impendence 8 ohm Frequency 50-15khz 25-08-2015 PLCC 17

18. Specification(CVT) Operating voltage 145KV Voltage Factor 1.5 Temperature 55 degree C Frequency 50hz 25-08-2015 PLCC 18

19. INDOOR EQUIPMENTS PLCC CABINET It is installed in control room. It has two sections: Transmitter : In this, voice frequency (VF) is amplified and then modulated to intermediate frequency (IF) and amplified, modulated into HF and then transmitted. Receiver : In this section HF signal is received and then demodulated from HF to IF and connected to the tale phone. 25-08-2015 PLCC 19 Fig-1(a) PLCC Cabinet

20. INDOOR EQUIPMENTS LIGTHING ARRESTER The ground wires running over the towers provides an adequate protection against lighting called L.A. It reduced the induced electrostatic or electromagnetic voltage. A good light arrester must pass the following properties: It should not absorb any current during normal operation. After the over voltage discharge, it must be capable of interrupting the normal frequency of current Lightning arrestor 25-08-2015 PLCC 20 Fig-2

21. INDOOR EQUIPMENTS BATTERY CHARGER: It is used for 48 volts DC supply CARRIER TREMINAL : The 9505 PLC terminals are intended for transmission of speech, telemetering, teleidication and tele protection in the signal carrier frequency EPAX : It consist of PLCC carrier equipment and related electromechanically switching equipment`s like EPAX to provide voice communication 25-08-2015 PLCC 21 Fig-3

22. Specification(LA) V oltage 12-42KV Current 500A Temperature 50 degree C Frequency 50hz 25-08-2015 PLCC 22

23. Specification(PLCC) V oltage 132KV Current 1250A Radio Interference voltage <500uV Impendence 570ohm 25-08-2015 PLCC 23

24.   BATTERY CHARGER   PLCC (Power Line Carrier Communication) works on rectified AC or main power supply. When supply goes off, we use BATTERY CHARGER for proper functioning of PLCC. It provides supply to the PLCC equipment for uninterrupted working. It provides DC to the panel by battery of 48V. In this type 24 batteries are connected in series and individually per battery has approximately 2V capacity.   25-08-2015 PLCC 24

25. ADVANTAGES 2 1. The cost is less because no separate wires are needed for communication purposes 2. Power lines have appreciably higher mechanical strength compared with ordinary lines. 3 . Power lines usually provide the shortest route between the power stations. 4. Carrier signals suffer much less attenuation because power lines have large cross-sectional area 5. Power lines are well insulated to provide only negligible leakage between conductors and ground even in adverse weather conditions 25-08-2015 PLCC 25

26. DISADVANTAGES Proper care has to be taken to guard carrier equipment. High voltages and currents Due to Reflections attenuation increases and creates problem . Noise introduced by power lines is far more than in case of telephone lines. 25-08-2015 PLCC 26

27. Application Prevent losses Transmission & Distribution Network Home control and Automation Security Systems 25-08-2015 PLCC 27

28. Limitations Electro-Magnetic Radiation Issues Noise interference Security Addressing issue 25-08-2015 PLCC 28

29. Future Scope Industrial Automation System Protection OPGW 25-08-2015 PLCC 29

30. Conclusion For communication purpose between the power systems, PLCC plays a vital role For better reliability between interconnected systems PLCC is must I have gained a wonderful experience and practical knowledge in this training period I also learnt the importance of PLCC in power system W ithout PLCC a large power system cannot be assumed I am also thankful to those who had been helpful during my training period 25-08-2015 PLCC 30

31. References http ://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?reload=true&arnumber=6201240 http://www.hindawi.com/journals/jece/2013/712376/ http://web.archive.org/web/20090214043341/http://www.rempli.org/ http://www.isplc.org/docsearch/Proceedings/1997/pdf/0563_001.pdf yamar.com/home/ dcbus-ics http://www.crcnetbase.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1201/b16540-15 http://web.archive.org/web/20090520004013/http:// www.powerq.com.my/telecommunication/distribution-line-carrier-system https://www.iiit.kit.edu/english/2161.php http://www.ijsrp.org/research-paper-0714/ijsrp-p3152.pdf http://research.ijcaonline.org/comnet/number1/comnet1001.pdf http://as.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-0470740302.html 25-08-2015 PLCC 31

32. http ://web.archive.org/web/20090520004013/http:// www.powerq.com.my/telecommunication/distribution-line-carrier-system https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/20140910024219-302442873-power-line-carrier-communication-plcc http://www.quora.com/What-is-the-use-of-a-wave-trap-coupling-capacitor-and-line-matching-unit-in-power-line-carrier-communication-PLCC http :// www.finetopix.com/showthread.php?19780-Ebook-Power-Line-Communications http:// cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs-wm/5558.pdf http:// citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.453.176&rep=rep1&type=pdf http:// www.isplc.org/docsearch/Proceedings/1999/pdf/0566_001.pdf IEEE Guide for Power-Line Carrier Applications. An American National Standard.ANSI /IEEE std 643-1980. IEEE, 1980. 25-08-2015 PLCC 32

33. Any Doubts 25-08-2015 PLCC 33

34. Thank You 25-08-2015 PLCC 34