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1. English for Academic and Professional Purposes Nasugbu East Senior High School Week 7 Title Page

2. Elucidating Concepts (definition, explication and clarification) Nasugbu East Senior High School Week 7 Title Page

3. Title Page Introduction Week 7 What is a concept? Merriam – Webster defined concept as “ something conceived in the mind. It can be an abstract or generic idea generalized from particular instance (e.g the basic concepts of psychology, the concept of gravity).”

4. Title Page Reporters Introduction Concepts ... Week 7 EXPLICATION/ EXPLANATION CLARIFICATION Elucidating Concepts This allows the giving or explaining the meaning of an abstract term or concept. It is derived from the Latin words finire (to limit); and de (form) which means to limit in terms of form. DEFINITION This is the the process of analyzing and developing an idea or principle in detail This involves offering back to the speaker the essential meaning, as understood by the listener, of what they have just said. Thereby checking that the listener's understanding is correct and resolving any areas of confusion or misunderstanding.

5. Title Page Reporters Introduction Definition Week 7 INFORMAL EXTENDED/ EXPANDED DEFINITION This is also called as one – sentence logical definition or Aristotelian definition. This definition follows the formula: T erm/species = Genus/group or class where such item belongs + Differentia to indicate its difference from other members belonging to that class FORMAL This is also known as parenthetical definition or in – text definition; we use an informal definition by using a synonym, a phrase, a clause and separated through a dash a colon, comma. this refers to the other different ways on how to define words aside from informal and formal

6. Title Page Reporters Introduction Definition Week 7 INFORMAL EXTENDED/ EXPANDED DEFINITION (Example) : Biology = the study of living organisms Term = genus + differentia FORMAL discipline-control, regulation, direction, order

7. Title Page Reporters Introduction Extended Definition Week 7 HISTORICAL DEFINITION NEGATION/ ELIMINATION EXTENDED DEFINITION definition based on its word origin Example: The term originated from the greek word “demokratia” which means “rule of the people” ETYMOLOGY definition based on when the word was first coined and how it evolved to how it is being used today Example: The term Democracy is coined in the middle of the 5th century to denote the political systems then existing in some Greek city-states, notably Athens Defining the term by stating it from what it is NOT. Example: Democracy is NOT leading the people by coercion.

8. Title Page Reporters Introduction Extended Definition Week 7 COMPARISION AND CONTRAST ANALYSIS BY PARTITIONING EXTENDED DEFINITION Stating what the term is for Example: Democracy is for the people who are oppressed and marginalized. OPERATING PRINCIPLE using the words that are similar and different to the word being defined. Example: Democracy is like leading a family with everybody having equal rights and it is not the way one member having all the power to rule. defines the word by partitioning or dividing the word into chunks of information from which the term can be used. Example: Democracy encompasses social, economic, and cultural conditions that enable the free and equal practice of political self – determination

9. Title Page Reporters Introduction Extended Definition Week 7 USE OF ANALOGY COMBINED DEFINITION EXTENDED DEFINITION defines the word by providing examples which allow the definition to be concretized. Example: The political system of classical Athens for example, granted democratic citizenship to an elite class of free men and excluded slaves and women from political participation USED OF EXAMPLES defines the word comparing the term to another object / concept / idea that shares the same characteristics as the term being defined Example: Democracy is to holding someone gently that it takes that person the liberty to set himself / herself free but chooses to stay because he / she wants to – it defines the word by introducing the term in a sentence definition that exactly specifies its genus or class and its function or purpose. Example: Democracy is the term that belongs to the class, “form of government; and what distinguishes it from other forms of government is that “all eligible citizens participate equally.

10. Title Page Reporters Introduction Concepts Activity Week 7 Activity 1

11. Title Page Reporters Introduction Concepts Activity Week 7 Activity 2 Arrange the jumbled words to match it to the definition after each word.

12. Title Page Reporters Introduction Concepts Activity Week 7

13. Title Page Reporters Introduction Concepts Activity Week 7 Activity 3

14. USING VISUAL / GRAPHICS IN A NOVEL CONCEPT OR PROJECT Nasugbu East Senior High School Week 7 Title Page

15. Title Page Introduction Week 7 In writing a concept paper, you also need to use graphics and visual aids to visually show the connection or relationship of data. There are information which are not easily understood by merely using text, thus, should be supported with graphical data to be more vivid and easy to comprehend.

16. Title Page Types of Graphs Week 7 Bar graph a diagram in which the numerical values of variables are represented by the height or length of lines or rectangles of equal width. Line graph a graph with points connected by lines to show something changes in value: as time goes by, or as something else changes.

17. Title Page Types of Graphs Week 7 Pie graph is a special chart that uses “pie slices “to show relative sizes of data . Flow charts are graphic organizers that show how step in the process fit together.

18. Title Page Types of Diagram Week 7 Venn Diagram- is a visual tool used to compare and contrast two or more objects, events, people or concepts. Graphic organizer is a visual and graphic display that depicts the relationships between facts, terms, and or ideas within a learning task. Graphic organizers are also sometimes referred to as knowledge maps, concept maps, story maps, cognitive organizers, advance organizers or concept diagrams

19. Title Page Types of Graphic Organizer Week 7 Cycle Graphic Organizer- a cycle map is useful for organizing information that is circular or cyclical, with no absolute beginning or end. Fish bone organizer is used when cause and effect relationship are complex and redundant.

20. Title Page Reporters Introduction Concepts Activity Week 7 Activity 4 Illustrate the following concepts by doing what is asked. Choose one.