PowerPointPresentationResearchAssignmentHarvard2019.pptx

Talks about technical aspects needed to be included in the assignment

1. DEPARTMENT OF HISTORICAL AND HERITAGE STUDIES RESEARCH ASSIGNMENT 2019

2. OWN WORK & OWN WORDS Turnitin Report (instructions put on ClickUP). Anti-plagiarism Form (at tutors / lecturer). Both to be handed in with assignment.

3. WHAT IS PLAGIARISM? You commit plagiarism in any written work when you use another person’s words, ideas or opinions without acknowledging them as being from that other person . You do this when you copy the work word-by-word ( verbatim ); or submit someone else’s work in a slightly altered form (such as changing a word with one meaning to another word with the same meaning); and you do not acknowledge the borrowing in a way that shows from whom or where you took the words, ideas or reasoning.  

4. WHAT IS PLAGIARISM? You must provide references whenever you quote (use the exact words), paraphrase (use the ideas of another person, in your own words) or summarise (use the main points of another’s opinions theories or data). It does not matter how much of the other person’s work you use (whether it is one sentence or a whole section), or whether you do it unintentionally or on purpose . If you present the work as you own without acknowledging that person, you are committing theft . Because of this, plagiarism is regarded as a very serious contravention of the University’s rules that can lead to expulsion from the University. Even if another student gives you permission to use one of his/her past assignments or other research to hand in as you own, you are not allowed to do so. It is another form of plagiarism. You are also not allowed to let anybody copy your work with the intention of passing it off as his/her own work.

5. FORMAT Margins: 2 cm all around. Font size: 12 (Times New Roman). Spacing: 1½. Justify the text. Insert page numbers (just for the text). Only type on the one side of the page. Do not leave pages or parts of pages open; only Sources (List of Sources) starts on a new page. Indicate the number of words (after the conclusion).

6. FORMAT HOW TO … ensure that the lay-out and page numbers of your assignment are correct . 1. Number the pages of your essay assignment from the Introduction . 2. To make sure that the Title-page and the Table of Content do not have page numbers, follow the instructions below: At the end of the title-page and the table of contents insert a section break . Go to Layout , then Breaks , then Section Breaks , then Next Page . On the page where your Introduction starts, insert the page numbers [ Go to Insert , then Page Number , then Bottom of Page (middle) . Make sure that the page numbers do not continue from the previous section or are link to previous .  

7. TITLE-PAGE In the middle of the page, the topic of the assignment. In the lowest corner at the right hand side Initials and surname Student number Subject/Module Name of lecturer/tutor Department (Department of Historical and Heritage Studies) Date            

8. TABLE OF CONTENTS Headings → Contents and Page . List and number the headings and subheadings. Indicate page numbers; just indicate the page number where the headings/subheadings starts. Make sure that the headings/subheadings correspond with those in the text. Also, make sure that the page numbers are indicated correctly. The Table of Contents does not have a page number itself.

9. LIST OF SOURCES Heading → SOURCES . Only list sources that you have actually used. List sources alphabetically according to the author’s surname. Do not number the sources. Source reference must be in the correct format, order and with correct punctuation. Source information must be given in the language of the source. In the titles of sources, only proper names must be written in capital letters.

10. LIST OF SOURCES The following information must be included in the List of Sources: Surname of the author in CAPITAL LETTERS, followed by a comma. Author’s initials, followed by full stops. Date of publication, followed by a full stop. Title of the book in italics / title of the journal article in single inverted commas ‘…’, followed by a full stop. In the case of a journal article, then the name of the journal in italics , followed by the volume and number of the specific edition, followed by the page numbers. In the case of a book, the name of the publisher and the place (town/city, NOT the country) of publication follow after the title. Examples: ROSS , R. 1995. ‘Paternalism, patriarchy and Afrikaans’. South African Historical Journal 32(2), pp. 34-47. ROSS , R. 1999. A concise history of South Africa. Cambridge University Press , Cambridge.

12. LIST OF SOURCES In the case of Internet sources, the author of the site must be indicated; followed by the date on which the website was created/upgraded (in no date was indicated, then use the abbreviation N.d.); followed by the Internet address (underlined); followed by the date on which you accessed the site. HISTORY OF THE WORLD N.d. < http://www.hyperhistory.com/ >. Access : 27 March 2000. ( Note : The first date is the date on which the website was created/upgraded. In this case , there was no date. The second date is the date on which you accessed the site.)

13. IN-TEXT SOURCE REFERENCING In most academic disciplines, and particularly in History , you need to indicate where you obtained the information you include in your assignment . By acknowledging and indicating where you got your information from, you give credit to the source (book, journal or Internet), but also add value to your discussion by confirming the reliability of the evidence . By acknowledging your source, the reader can also refer to it to obtain more information. It is very important to acknowledge your source when you use the opinion or ideas of an author . Note that if you do not indicate your source you commit plagiarism for which you will be penalised as in effect you are “stealing” the ideas of an author. The source/s must be acknowledged after each paragraph in which you do not give your own opinion .

14. IN-TEXT SOURCE REFERENCING The source of information is acknowledged by placing a brief author-date-page reference to it in brackets at the appropriate place in the text and providing the full details of the source in the list of sources . Note that the reference in the text must be as brief as possible including only the author’s surname, the publication date and the page number(s). Example of a source with one author : During the period 1652 to 1807 a total of about 60 000 slaves were imported to the Cape Colony. (Ross, 1999: 23) Example of a source edited by two authors : According to one theory, slave owners and their slaves communicated in a form of Dutch that eventually developed into Afrikaans. ( Elphick & Giliomee , 1989: 121) Another theory … Example of a World Wide Web reference : The slaves in America were employed in relatively large numbers on the plantations. (History of the World, n.d .) This differed…

15. IN-TEXT SOURCE REFERENCING If you refer to the author in the text, the source reference follows after the name of the author; the author’s surname is then left out of the source reference : According to Ross (1995: 34-35) … Take note of the following: Place a source reference directly after a quote. Use source references sparingly by placing a reference at the end of each paragraph wherein you did not give your own opinion; more than one source can be listed; separate sources by using a semi-colon. It is thus not necessary to place a source reference after each sentence.

16. SOURCE REFERENCING: ILLUSTRATIONS

17. CONTENTS OF ASSIGNMENT An essay assignment comprises of three major components: an introductory section in which the topic is introduced and an outline of what you intend discussing is set out; a body or substantial part of the assignment in which the theme or topic is developed methodically and progressively in paragraphs; each paragraph should focus on one central issue/aspect which is developed in view of the question set; the body is divided into sections with sub-headings ; and a concluding section in which you summarise your findings – and thus come to a conclusion.

18. CONTENTS OF ASSIGNMENT Language is the vehicle through which you convey your research . Therefore: Observe the correct spelling of words and surnames. Use a good dictionary . NB : Check grammar and spelling with ENGLISH (UNITED KINGDOM). [Go to Review → Language → Set Proofing Language → Select English (United Kingdom) → Click on Detect language automatically then click on OK → Select the text of your assignment ( Ctrl A ) → ABC Spelling & Grammar . IMPORTANT: pay attention to the suggestions made by the spell checker] You must write in the past tense when writing about the past. Be objective and strive for simplicity and clarity . Short sentences are preferable to long , complex sentences . Correct use of punctuation will make your assignment more readable. The use of capitals and t he writing of words separately or together must be consistent. Abbreviations should preferably not appear in the text of your assignment. It is essential to divide your assignment into paragraphs . The extensive use of quotations from the works of other authors should be avoided .

19. WHICH SOURCES? 1 . Listen to what your lecturer/tutor recommend regarding sources for a specific assignment. 2 . Visit the library and consult the computer catalogue . 3. A library system that will assist you in finding relevant sources for your assignment, is to go directly to the shelves and make use of the Dewey Decimal Classification System . 4. Make use of reference sources. 5. Use SA Media (an electronic database of newspaper articles ). 6. Use the internet for internet sources and electronic sources.

20. WHICH SOURCES? Internet sources versus Electronic sources What is the difference ? Internet sources are sources that are just found on the internet . Electronic sources are sources that were published in hard-copy (paper)/text form, but that are also available in electronic format.

21. DEPARTMENTAL POLICY ON THE USE OF INTERNET SOURCES If you use sources from the web they must either be from: government or recognised international agencies; recognised news agencies; or accompanied by a brief paragraph or appendix explaining to the lecturer why you believe that the site in question contains useful information. The web is full of low as well as high quality material, and you should be conscious about the data you are using. NB: The emphasis must be on the use of published (books and journals ) sources; therefore no more than one third of the sources used, may be Internet sources .

22. HOW TO USE SOURCES? Always keep the topic in mind when gathering information → FOCUS!! Compare sources: do sources agree/disagree in their evaluation of the person; look at differences and similarities in the views of authors. Information from various s ources must be integrated ; in other words information from different sources must be presented in a logical, chronological and coherent manner; do not repeat facts. Information from different sources must form a synthesis , in other words a logical unit of relevant facts and explanations.

23. ☻REMEMBER!!!☻ ☻ Read through your assignment 3x times (facts, language, referencing). ☻ Be consistent in your source referencing. ☻ Be precise in your research and in your source referencing. ☻ Write in your OWN words . ☻ Be proud of your work: you are presenting the lecturer with a piece of yourself.