ppt is on automation.automation is how industries function for the product.

Automation describes a wide range of technologies that reduce human intervention in processes, mainly by predetermining decision criteria, subprocess relationships, and related actions, as well as embodying those predeterminations in machines.[1][2] Automation has been achieved by various means including mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, electronic devices, and computers, usually in combination. Complicated systems, such as modern factories, airplanes, and ships typically use combinations of all of these techniques. The benefit of automation includes labor savings, reducing waste, savings in electricity costs, savings in material costs, and improvements to quality, accuracy, and precision.
Automation includes the use of various equipment and control systems such as machinery, processes in factories, boilers,[3] and heat-treating ovens, switching on telephone networks, steering, stabilization of ships, aircraft and other applications and vehicles with reduced human intervention.[4] Examples range from a household thermostat controlling a boiler to a large industrial control system with tens of thousands of input measurements and output control signals. Automation has also found a home in the banking industry. It can range from simple on-off control to multi-variable high-level algorithms in terms of control complexity.

In the simplest type of an automatic control loop, a controller compares a measured value of a process with a desired set value and processes the resulting error signal to change some input to the process,
The introduction of prime movers, or self-driven machines advanced grain mills, furnaces, boilers, and the steam engine created a new requirement for automatic control systems including temperature regulators (invented in 1624; see Cornelius Drebbel), pressure regulators (1681), float regulators (1700) and speed control devices. Another control mechanism was used to tent the sails of windmills. It was patented by Edmund Lee in 1745.[21] Also in 1745, Jacques de Vaucanson invented the first automated loom. Around 1800, Joseph Marie Jacquard created a punch-card system to program looms.[22]

In 1771 Richard Arkwright invented the first fully automated spinning mill driven by water power, known at the time as the water frame.[23] An automatic flour mill was developed by Oliver Evans in 1785, making it the first completely automated industrial process.[24][25]


A flyball governor is an early example of a feedback control system. An increase in speed would make the counterweights move outward, sliding a linkage that tended to close the valve supplying steam, and so slowing the engine.
A centrifugal governor was used by Mr. Bunce of England in 1784 as part of a model steam crane.[26][27] The centrifugal governor was adopted by James

1. Automation Automation is the creation and application of technologies to produce and deliver goods and services with minimal human intervention. The implementation of automation technologies, techniques and processes improve the efficiency, reliability, and/or speed of many tasks that were previously performed by humans.

2. PLC A  programmable logic controller  ( PLC ) or  programmable controller  is an industrial  computer  that has been  ruggedized  and adapted for the control of manufacturing processes, such as  assembly lines , machines,  robotic  devices, or any activity that requires high reliability, ease of programming, and process fault diagnosis.  Dick Morley  is considered as the father of PLC as he had invented the first PLC, the Modicon 084, for  General Motors  in 1968 .

3. SCADA SCADA is the acronym for  Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition . SCADA is a computer-based system for gathering and analyzing real-time data to monitor and control equipment that deals with critical and time-sensitive materials or events.

4. Applications of Automation 1. Enhance Safety 2 . Save Time 3. Boost Quality Production 4 . Reduce Monitoring 5. Lower Costs

5. Car Parking