Ppt on mental diet

diet in mental health

1. COLLEGE OF NURSING DHAMTARI SUBJECT :- MENTAL HEALTH NURSING TOPIC :- Practice Teaching on “Diet and Nutrition in Mental Health” Submitted to :- Submitted by:- Mrs. Namita lal Shristi Nath M.Sc. [N] lecturer M.Sc. Nursing College of Nursing 1 year student Dhamtari College of Nursing Dhamtari

2. INTRODUCTION :-  Increasingly, researchers are concluding that the diets of people with mental health disorders are lacking in key nutrients for brain health. And they're finding that replenishing these nutrients can play an important role in treating those disorders a healthful diet can improve mental health and help treat or prevent certain mental health problem.

3. DEFINITION :- Diet and nutrition in mental heath or Nutritional psychiatry, which some refer to as psychonutrition , is a new field of study that focuses on the effect of diet on mental health. “Nutritional psychiatry” is a fast-growing approach that uses food and supplements in the treatment of mental health conditions.

4. IMPORTANCE OF DIET AND NUTRITION IN MENTAL HEALTH

5. brain needs energy (20% of all energy needed by the body is used by the brain). This energy comes from blood glucose, When blood glucose rises and falls rapidly, it can have an impact on mood, making feel irritable, low and even triggering symptoms of anxiety.  Cabohydrate

6. Sources :- sources of carbohydrates include: wholegrains fruits vegetables legumes lower fat dairy

7. Protein :- Amino acid - tyrosine and tryptophan, which are the precursor of neurotransmitter dopamine and lead to depression and aggression. sources Protein is found in lean meat, fish, eggs, nuts and seeds, cheese, soya products and legumes

8. Sources :-

9. fat Fatty acids, like omega-3 and omega-6, are essential for our brains to function well. Omega 3 fatty acid :- Omega 3 fatty acid is associated with depression and bipolar disorder. Source :- nuts, seeds, oily fish, poultry, avocados, dairy products and eggs.

10. Vitamins and minerals vitamins and minerals play important role in both our physical and mental health The best way to ensure getting enough of the vitamins and minerals need is to eat a varied and balanced diet, rich in fruit and vegetables.  

11. Iron : Iron deficiency can lead to:- Increase risk of mood disorder, Neurodevelopment disorder, Anxiety disorder ADHD Sources :- Foods rich in iron include red meat, poultry, fish, beans and pulses and fortified cereals. 

12. vitamins B : Vitamin B 1 ( thiamine) :- Vitamin B 1 Deficiency can result in wernicke encephalopathy ( confusion ,ataxia, nystagmus ) and wernicke – korsakoff syndrome ( confabulation & amnesia – both anterograde & retrograde . Sources :- Food rich in vitamin B1 include peas ,fruit such as banana and orange , nuts, wholebreads , cereal, liver.

13. Vitamin B 3 (niacin) :- Niacin deficiency can lead to irritability , emotional instability , severe depression , disorientation, memory impairment , hallucination, paranoia. Sources :- Food rich in vitamin B 3 include liver, chicken, tuna, peanut, brown rice.

14. Vitamin B 6 (pyridoxine) :- Pyridoxine deficiency associated with autism , depression and seizure and mental retardation in infant . Sources :- Dried yeast , wheat germ, rice polishing , liver.

15. Vitamin B 9 ( Folic acid) :-  Folic acid deficiency may lead to depression and dementia, paranoia , psychosis , agitation, dementia. Sources :- Folic acid can be found in green vegetables, citrus fruits, liver, beans and fortified foods like marmite.

16. Vitamin B 12 ( Cobalamin ):- Vitamin B 12 Deficiency is associated with cognitive impairment ,depression ,malaise, apathy, confusion. Sources :- liver, meat,fish , egg, milk, cheese.

17. Vitamin C :- Vitamin c is associated with:- obsessive compulsory disorder, bipolar disorder and melancholy. sources :- amla ,guava , lime , orange ,tomato , pineapple.

18. Vitamin D :- Low vitamin D Concentration associated with poor executive function , processing speed, visuo - perception skills, low mood in patient with long term eating disorder , autism. Sources :- fish , oil, fortified milk , exposure to sunlight.  

19. Vitamin E :- Vitamin E act as antioxidants, its deficiency is associated with mild cognitive impairment , alzheimer’s disease and tardive dyskinesia . Sources :- vegetable oil, nuts, green leafy vegetables, fish, muscle meat.

20. Selenium :  A selenium deficiency may increase the chance of mood instability and anxiety. Sources :- Good sources of selenium include Brazil nuts, seeds, wholemeal bread, meat and fish.

21. IODINE:- iodine deficiency can result in result in hypothyroidism which result in secondary depression. Sources :- sea food , sea fish, sea salt , and cod liver oil.

22. Magnesium :- Magnesium deficiency is associated with depression , nervous irritability, tremor, vertigo, delirium and liability to convulsion. Sources :- bajra , barley, wheat, soyabean , grams, green leafy vegetables, fruits, egg, meat, fish.

23. Caffine :- Drinking caffeine stimulate CNS,but its stimulating properties can disturb sleep and even trigger anxiety. Sources :- coffee , tea , cola or other energy drink) .

24. Diet for mental health:- Mediterranean diet   the Mediterranean diet has the strongest evidence Trusted Source supporting its ability to reduce the symptoms of depression. It is also a diet that experts routinely recommend Trusted Source for overall health and well-being. The Mediterranean diet that lower depression rates include: omega-3 fatty acids vitamin D methylfolate s- adenosylmethionine

25. Sources The Mediterranean diet consists of:   -plenty of fruits and vegetables -whole grains -potatoes -cereals -beans and pulses -nuts and seeds -olive oil -low-to-moderate amounts of dairy products, fish, and poultry -very little red meat -eggs up to four times a week   -low-to-moderate amounts of wine

26. MIND diet :- This diet therapy is the intervention to focus on delay the neurodegenerative process. It is the mash up Mediterranean –diet and the DASH diet (Dietary approaches to stop hypertension) . M editerranean- DASH I ntervention for N eurodegenerative D elay is briefly called as MIND diet.

27. Benefit :- it has the anti- inflammatory and antioxidant effect which fight against the brain aging process, slower the cognitive decline, reduce the risk of dementia and Alzheimer disease , reduce the oxidative stress caused by free radical accumulation in the body, reduce inflammation and formation of beta- amyloid plaques (primary cause for Alzheimer’s disease) .

28. Sources :- The important food item by MIND diet therapy:- Green leafy vegetable, Vegetables Berries, Nuts Olive oil Whole grains Fish Bean Poultry Wine ( both red and white wine red wine is preferable) Food to avoid on MIND Diet :- Food rich in saturated and trans-fat:- Fried or fast food, Butter Red meat Pastries & sweet cheese

29. Low calorie diet Short-term calorie restriction has shown for treating the symptoms of depression. One study that looked at the relationship between food intake and depression defined calorie restriction as a 30–40% decrease in calorie intake while retaining protein, vitamin, mineral, and water intake to maintain proper nutrition.    Researchers Trusted Source  noted that in an earlier study, healthy people who reduced their calorie intake by 25% for 6 months also had reduced depressive symptoms

30. POLYPHENOL:- It is a micronutrient obtained by consuming plant based foods study showed an association between polyphenols and both the prevention of depression and the improvement of depressive symptoms. The polyphenols came from:   coffee tea citrus nuts soy grapes legumes spices

31.   Diet for mental illness :-   Diet for schizophrenia :- Patients should eat enough foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids. Patient should eat "good carbs ", i.e. carbohydrates with a low glycaemic index, which are not easily broken down into glucose.   Patient should include calcium in the diet by including dairy products ideally based on skimmed milk to keep the fat intake down.  

32. Diet plan for schizophrenia :- Breakfast Lunch dinner 1 cup oatmeal/cornflake +milk 1 egg 1 apple Nuts(walnut/peanut/ almond) 1 cup rice ( brownrice /basmati rice), Chicken , Salad, 1 apple/ pear . 1 cup rice (basmati / brownrice ) Fish, Salad, 1 apple/pear

33. Breakfast Lunch Dinner 1 cup cornflake + milk/ 1 glass almond shake 1 apple Nuts (walnut / almond /peanut) 1 cup rice Kidney bean/ spinach Salad 1 apple/pear 1 cup rice Cauliflower/ chickpea Salad 1 apple / pear.

34. diet for mood disorders :- Ensuring enough omega-3 fatty acids may help to keep mood stable. Consuming 1.5 to 2 gm/day omega 3 fatty acid has been shown to stimulate mood elevation in depressed patient. Vanadium level are found elevated in patient with bipolar disorder , A study revealed the effectiveness of 3 gram of vitamin c in decreasing manic symptom by preventing the toxic effect of vanadium. If patient take lithium then patient should not drink too many caffeine containing drinks such as tea and coffee since this may reduce lithium levels. Selenium, folic acid ( folate ) and tryptophan are substances which have all been implicated in keeping mood stable.  

35. Diet for ADHD:-   Some research has shown that people with ADHD have lower levels of omega-3 fatty acids or may not be able to tolerate gluten. Gluten is a protein found in wheat, rye and barley. Even the ketogenic diet has been suggested.  

36. Diet for autism :- Vitamin D level is found to be lower in children with autism , pyridoxine deficiency and magnesium deficiency associated with autism. Studies revealed high dose of pyridoxine and magnesium is helpful in management of autism.

37. Diet for eating disorder :- Low vitamin D is associated with low mood in patient with long term eating disorder like anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Vitamin D 3 may be used as novel therapies in the treatment of long standing eating disorder.  

38. Diet for depression :- S – Adenosyl - methionine ( SAMe ) has important role in treatment of depression it has anitidepressant property and it also potentiate the effect of antidepressant. vitamin D is found to be useful in augmenting agent in treatment of depression, In a week trail , patient with depression receiving fluoxetine along with 1500 IU/ day of vitamin D3 had shown significantly better response than patient receiving fluoxetine alone. Diet rich in Omega -3 fatty acid ,amino acid , vitamin B6 are helpful in reducing depression.  

39. Foods or diets to avoid:- Several studies have shown that people who follow a Western diet comprising highly processed foods are more likely to have major depression or persistent mild depression. The foods to be avoided for mental health include:- processed foods fried foods refined grains, such as white bread sugary products beer     A 2010 study Trusted Source showed that women who ate unhealthful Western-style diets had more psychological symptoms.

40. Summary:- Researchers are still determining how diet affects mental health .A healthful diet that can positively affect a person’s weight, blood pressure, cholesterol, and may also affect a person’s mental health and may aid treatment for poor mental health.