Pr active and passive.pptx for freshman students of ethiopia

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1. Active and passive voice We can turn active into passive by using some guidelines. A sentence can be identify or separate into subject, verb, and object. Example: S he paints a picture . The object of the sentence must be turn to the subject of the sentence. Example: A picture is painted by her. The ‘be’ form (is, am, are, been) must be used according to the tense of the verb Example: ‘A picture is’ Past participle of the verb must be used Example: paint- painted Preposition ‘by’ must be added, but sometimes ‘optional’ NB. In some of the sentence, the object of the verb is omitted. Because the attention is not paid to the fact who does the action but to the action itself. In such cases, the agent of the action is either well-known person or unidentified. Example: The window was broken The plane was hijacked yesterday.

2. Active and passive voice in tense form Active voice 1. Simple present tense Sub +verb +object e.g. I eat rice. He beats you. We make noise. You do the homework. She drives a car. They play chess. 2. Present continuous tense Sub + am/is/are+ verb + ing + O e.g. I am eating rice. He is writing a letter. We are making noise. You are doing the homework. She is driving a car. 3. Present perfect tense S + has/have + verb(past participle form)+ O e.g. I have eaten rice. he has written a letter. We have made mistakes. You have done your homework. She has read a novel. Passive voice 1. Simple present tense Sub + am/is/are + verb(past participle) +by +object e.g. Rice is eaten by me. You are beaten by him. Noise is made by us. Homework is done by you. A car is driven by her. Chess is played by them. 2. Present continuous tense S+ am/is/are/+being +verb(past participle form +by+ O) e.g. rice is being eaten by me. A letter is written by him. Noise is being made by us. Homework is being done by you. A car is being driven by her. 3. Present perfect tense S+ has/have/+ been +verb(past participle)+ by+ O e.g. Rice has been eaten by me. A letter have been written by him. Mistakes have been done by you. Your homework has been done by you. A novel has been read by her.

3. Cont’… 4.Peresent perfect continuous tense S+ has/have + been + verb + ing + O e.g. I have been eating rice. He has been writing a letter. We have been making mistakes. You have been doing your homework. 1. Simple past tense S+ v(past form) + O e.g. I ate rice. He rebuked you. We made noise. You did the homework. She drove a car. They played chess. 2. Past continuous tense S+ was/were+ verb + ing +O e.g. I was eating rice We were making noise You were doing the homework She was driving a car 4.Peresent perfect continuous tense S+ has/have + been+ being +v(Past P)+ by+ O e.g. Rice has been being eaten by me. A letter has been being written by him. Mistakes have been being made by us. Your homework has been being done by you. 1. Simple past tense S+ was/were + verb(past participle form)+ by+ O e.g. Rice was eaten by me. You were rebuked by him. Noise was made by us. Homework was done by you. A car was driven by her. Chess was played by them. 2. Past continuous tense S+ was/were+ being+ verb(past P)+ by+ O e.g. Rice was being eaten by me. Noise was being made by us. Homework was being done by you. A car was being driven by her.

4. Cont’… 3. Past perfect tense S+ had + verb(past P)+ O e.g. I had eaten rice. We had made mistakes. You had done your homework. She had read a novel. Ravi had completed the task. 4. Past perfect continuous tense S+ had+ been+ verb+ ing + O e.g. I had been eating rice. He had been writing a letter. We had been making mistakes. You had been doing your homework. 1. simple future tense S+ shall/will+ verb+ O e.g. I shall eat rice. He will rebuke you. We shall make noise. You will do the homework. She will drive a car. 3 3. Past perfect tense S+ had+ been +V(past p)+ by+ O e.g. Rice had been eaten by me. Mistake had been made by us. Your homework had been done by you. A novel had been read by her. The task had been completed by Ravi. 4 . Past perfect continuous tense S+ had+ been+ being+ v(past p)+ by+ O e.g. Rice had been being eaten by me. A letter had been being written by him. Mistakes had been being made by us. Your homework had been being done by you. By + 1. Simple future tense S+ shall/will + be + v3+ by+ O e.g. Rice will be eaten by me. You will be rebuked by him. Noise will be made by us. Homework will be done by you. A car will be driven by her. O

5. Cont’.. 2. Future continuous tense S+ shall/will + be+ verb+ ing + O e.g. I shall be eating rice. He will be writing a letter. We shall be making noise. You will be doing the homework. She will be driving a car. 3. Future perfect tense S+ shall/will + have+ v(past p)+ O e.g. I shall have eaten rice. He will have written a letter. We shall have made mistakes. You will have done your homework. 4. Future perfect continuous tense S+ shall/will+ have+ been+ verb+ ing + O e.g. I shall have been eating rice. He will have been writing a letter. We shall have been making mistakes. You will have been doing your homework. 2. Future continuous tense S+ shall/will+ be+ being+ v(past p)+ by+ O e.g. Rice will be being eaten by me. A letter will be written by him. Noise will be being made by us. Homework will be being done by you. A car will be being driven by her. 3. Future perfect tense S+ shall/will+ have+ been+ v(past p)+ by+O e.g. Rice will have been eaten by me. A letter will have been written by him. Mistakes will have been made by us. Your homework will have been done by you. 4. Future perfect continuous tense S+ shall/will+ have+ been+ being+ v(pp)+ by+ O e.g. Rice will have been being eaten by me. A letter will have been being written by him. Mistakes will have been being made by us. Your homework will have been being done by you.

6. Transitive verb: two objects A transitive verb is sometimes followed two objects. In such cases, the sentence may have two passive forms. Example: The manager granted me the permission . (active) The permission was granted to me. (passive) I was granted the permission. (passive) They offered him a nice job. (active) A nice job was offered to him by them . (passive) He was offered a nice job by them. (passive) Interrogative sentence with passive: all the question in active can be changed to passive voice. But questions are rarely made I passive voice. Helping verb do, does, did are changed into the possible verb to be(is, am, are, was, were) in passive accordingly. Examples: A ctive voice passive voice Do you speak E nglish? Is English spoken by you? Does Eden loves you? Are you loved by Eden? Did you post the letter? Was the letter posted by you? Has she cooked the food? Has the food been cooked by her Will you help me? Shall I be helped by you Was he writing the letter? Was the letter being written by him?