Practical Steps in Undertaking Policy Analysis in Uganda .pdf

THIS FILE GIVES A BRIEF UNDERSTANDING OF FORMAL STEPS IN UNDERTAKING POLICY ANALYSIS IN RESPECT WITH THE CREATOR

1. Practical Steps in Undertaking
Policy Analysis in Uganda
By
Dr. Abubakar Muhammad Moki
05 and 06 March 2024
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2. Content
What public policy analysis is
Theory
Required skills
Best practices
Options
Principles
Tools
Logical steps
Participatory analysis
Class exercise
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3. What public policy analysis is
Separation or breaking of a whole
A detailed examination
Assessment
Determination
of essential features, fundamental elements,
components or part
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4. Why public policy analysis
Generation or production of evidence to inform:
Making public policy decisions
Deciding among alternatives
Activity, project, and programme planning
Better public policy implementation
Scaling up public policy implementation
Reintroduction of public policy implementation
Termination of public policy implementation
Understand nature or essential features
Satisfying a given problem or issue
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5. Required skills for public policy analysis
Problemsolving
Research,innovationanddevelopment
Dataanalysis
Criticalanalyticalandstrategicthinking
Creativity
Persuasivecommunication
Strategicdecisionmaking
Organisationalandtimemanagement
Collaboration
Reading
Writing 5

6. Theory of public policy analysis
Establish and know the problem to be addressed,
through a structured and systematic process
Identify the available solutions, options, choices,
alternatives, informed by evidence and are logical
Determine the evaluation criteria for comparing
the available solutions, options, choices, alternatives
to minimize bias in their comparison
Evaluate and compare the available solutions,
options, choices, alternatives using the
predetermined evaluation criteria in an objective
manner
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7. Theory cont…
Determine the best and or sequence of the
available solutions, options, choices, alternatives in
addressing the identified and known problem from
the evaluation and comparison
Hence help government make the right choices in
serving the citizens
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8. Elements of social inclusion Best practice
be focused to best serve the public/citizen interests
be holistic/inclusive
be informed by evidence
be logical
be forward looking
have an issue(s) or need(s) or problem(s) it is
addressing
be carefully analysedagainst other options to
ensure it is the best selected solution
be widely consulted to ensure inclusiveness
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9. Elements of social inclusion Best practice cont..
be clear, simple and practical so that everyone can
understand and comply
be easily communicated or disseminated for easy
access and compliance
produce benefits that outweigh costs
be properly and fairly enforceable within the
available resources and context
be able to be monitored and evaluated to ensure its
intended benefits
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10. Elements of social inclusion Options
Options,choicesoralternativesforcontrollingin
publicinterestmayinclude:
Do-nothing
Maintaining Status Quo
Enhancing Awareness Creation
Enhancing Coordination
Enhancing Implementation of Existing Policies
Enhancing Enforcement of Existing Laws
Innovation
Mainstreaming in Implementation of Existing Policies
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11. Elements of social inclusion Options cont.
Mainstreaming in Enforcement of Existing Laws
Revising Existing Policies
Amending Existing Laws
Enhancing Monitoring and Evaluation of
Implementation of Existing Policies
Enhancing Monitoring and Evaluation of
Enforcement of Existing Laws
Introducing a New Policy
Introducing a New law
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12. Elements of social inclusion Principles
Theprinciplesinclude:
Accountability-beingresponsible
Proportionality-sizeable
Consistency-reliableanddependable
Transparency-openandfairtoall
Targeted-focusedonaproblemorneed
Riskbased-targetedtothegreatestrisktopublic
health,environmentresources
Collaborative-workwithothers
Responsive-actinatimelymanner
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13. Elements of social inclusion Tools
Toolsusedinclude:
Problemtree
Solutiontree
5Whysrootcause
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14. Elements of social inclusion Logical steps
Definitionofthetopic/subject/areaoffocus.
(Includesscope)
Identificationofthemainissueofconcernin
thetopic/subject/areaoffocus
Establishmentofthecauses(maincausesand
subcauses)ofthemainissueofconcern
Determinationoftheeffects/negative
consequencesofthemainissue
FormulationoftheProblemStatement(Using
theSubject,mainissue,causesandeffects)
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15. Elements of social inclusion Steps cont..
Establishmentofthegoal/purposefromthe
mainissue
Establishmentoftheintendedoutcomesfrom
theeffects
FormulationofthePurposeandoutcome
statement(usingthepurposeandoutcomes)
Determinationofthestrategicobjectivesand
actionsfromthemaincausesandsubcauses
respectively
Determinationofthepossibleoptionsusingthe
strategicobjectivesandactionsand
prequalifyingforoptionsanalysis
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16. Elements of social inclusion Steps cont..
Optionsanalysis(Triangulationusing6
parameters)
Benefits
Cost
Positiveimpactanditsdistribution
Negativeimpactanditsdistribution
Easeofimplementationandenforcement
Easeofmonitoringandevaluation
Makingaconclusionwhichsummarizesthe
optionanalysistoinformthebestoption/choice
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17. Elements of social inclusion Steps cont..
MakingaRegulatoryImpactAssessment(RIA)
Report
Makingtheselectedoption/choicedocument
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18. Elements of social inclusion Participatory analysis
Involves stakeholders in the assessment
Provides assessment that is credible
Is useful with practical and constructive
recommendations
Leads to enhancing public policies
Provides accountability to stakeholders
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19. Elements of social inclusion Participatory analysis -methodology
Presentations
Brain storming
Questions and answers
Group discussions and plenary sessions
Case studies
Consultations
Review of documents
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20. Elements of social inclusion Participatory analysis-justification
The reasons for participatory review or
analysis includes:
Ensures ownership of results
Result-based orientation
Cost-effectiveness
Triangulation for quality assurance
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21. Elements of social inclusion Participatory analysis-scope
i.Has three dimensions (Effects, Implementation
and Cross cutting)
Effects has five aspects
Implementation has four aspects
Cross cutting has two aspects
Each of the aspects has a number of model
questions
ii.Can be done at three levels;
Before approval of a public policy.
During implementation of a public policy.
Post-implementation of public policy.
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22. Elements of social inclusion Dimensions and aspects
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Effects
•Impact
•Effectiveness
•Relevance
•Unintended changes
•Equity
Implementation
•Processes
•Cost and efficiency
•Feasibility
•Acceptability
Cross cutting
•Sustainability
•Partnerships and
synergies

23. Elements of social inclusion Impact
Whatwillhappenasaresultof
implementation?
Whatishappeningasaresultof
implementation?
Whathappenedasaresultof
implementation?
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24. Elements of social inclusion Effectiveness
1.What changeswilloccurfrom
implementation(positive,neutral,negative)
onthetargetedproblem?
2.Whatarethechangesoccurringfrom
implementation(positive,neutral,negative)
onthetargetedproblem?
3.What changesoccurredfrom
implementation(positive,neutral,negative)
onthetargetedproblem?
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25. Elements of social inclusion Relevance
1.Willtheidentifiedactivitiesbeableto
addresstheproblems?
2.Aretheactivitiesproperlyaddressingthe
problems?
3.Didtheactivitiesaddresstheproblems?
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26. Elements of social inclusion Unintended changes
1.Whatunintendedchangesmayoccur?
2.Whatunintendedchangesareoccurring?
3.Whatunintendedchangesoccurred?
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27. Elements of social inclusion Equity
1.Willthepolicycreate,reinforceorcorrect
socialinequalities?
2.Isthepolicycreating,reinforcingor
correctingsocialinequalities?
3.Didthepolicy,reinforceorcorrectsocial
inequalities?
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28. Elements of social inclusion Implementation -processes
1.Whatactivitieswillbecarriedoutduring
implementationofthepolicy?
2.Whataretheactivitiesbeingcarriedout
duringimplementationofthepolicy?
3.Whatactivitieswerecarriedoutduring
implementationofthepolicy?
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29. Elements of social inclusion Cost and efficiency
1.Whatwillbethefinancialcostsandbenefits
oftheimplementation?
2.Whatarethefinancialcostsandbenefitsof
theimplementation?
3.Whatwerethefinancialcostandbenefitsof
theImplementation?
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30. Elements of social inclusion Feasibility
1.Willtherequiredresourcesbeavailable?
2.Aretherequiredresourcesavailable?
3.Weretherequiredresourcesavailable?
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31. Elements of social inclusion Acceptability
1.Willthetargetedproblembeconsidereda
socialissueforintervention?
2.Isthetargetedproblembeingconsidereda
socialissueforintervention?
3.Wasthetargetedproblemconsidereda
socialissueforintervention?
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32. Elements of social inclusion Cross cutting
1.Sustainability
2.Partnershipsandsynergies
3.Inclusiveness
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33. Elements of social inclusion Sustainability
1.Willtherebecapacitytosustainthe
expectedresultsovertime?
2.Istherecapacitytosustaintheresultsover
time?
3.Wastherecapacitytosustaintheresults
overtime?
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34. Elements of social inclusion Partnership and synergies
1.HowwilltheimplementationofUNALP
advancecollaborationwithvarious
stakeholders?
2.IsimplementationofUNALPadvancing
collaborationwithvariousstakeholders?
3.HowdidtheimplementationofUNALP
advancecollaborationwithvarious
stakeholders?
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35. Elements of social inclusion Inclusiveness
1.Genderconsiderations
2.Climatechange
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36. Elements of social inclusion Opportunities in public policy analysis
i.Publicpolicyresearch,innovationand
development
ii.Publicpolicyadvisoryservices
iii.Publicpolicyimplementation
iv.Publicpolicymonitoring,evaluation,
accountabilityandlearning
v.Institutionalizingbestpracticeandpublicpolicy
analysisinpublicpolicymanagementinpublic
andprivatesectors
vi.Supportingpublicpolicydevelopment
processesandbuildingcapacityofpublicpolicy
actorsatalllevels
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37. Elements of social inclusion Class assignment
Ingroups,identifyasubjectofyourchoice
andpracticethelogicalstepsofpublicpolicy
analysis
Explainthetheoryofpublicpolicyanalysis
andhowitapplicationwithexamples
Presentchallengesinpublicpolicyanalysis
withpracticalsuggestionstothechallenges
Discussthelevelsofpublicpolicyanalysis
withjustificationoreachlevel
Describeparticipatoryanalysis,andits
justification
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38. THE END
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