PraxiLabs -Krebs Cycle - PDF Slides (1).pdf

The Pdf "Top Krebs Cycle Questions to Sharpen Your Understanding" by PraxiLabs provides an in-depth exploration of the Krebs cycle, also known as the citric acid cycle or tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. This metabolic pathway is crucial for energy production in cells, and the post covers its significance, the steps involved, and the key concepts associated with it. The content answers common questions such as the alternative names for the Krebs cycle, its purpose, the steps in the cycle, and the specific molecules generated during the process. Additionally, it highlights the benefits of PraxiLabs' virtual lab simulations, which help students better understand the Krebs cycle through interactive and engaging 3D simulations.

1. Top Krebs Cycle Questions to Sharpen
Your Understanding
Exploring the Intricacies of the Krebs CycleExploring the Intricacies of the Krebs Cycle
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2. Krebs Cycle
key concepts
Krebs Cycle
steps
Krebs Cycle
significance
Are you a student, scientific researcher, or just curious about cellular
respiration?
Then, we introduce this article to broaden your understanding of the Krebs Cycle,
through discussing the following points:
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3. Introduction to the
Krebs Cycle &
Alternative Names
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Welcome to our detailed exploration of the
Krebs cycle, also known as the citric acid cycle
or tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle.
This fundamental metabolic pathway is crucial
for cellular respiration and energy production.
The Krebs cycle is known by several names,
reflecting its importance and discovery.
It is commonly referred to as the citric acid cycle
or the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) Cycle. These
names honor its discoverer, Hans Krebs.

4. In simple terms, the Krebs cycle is a series of chemical reactions occurring in the mitochondrial
matrix of cells.
This cycle is vital for producing energy from carbohydrates through aerobic respiration, thus
playing a crucial role in cellular metabolism.
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5. Purpose of the
Krebs Cycle
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The primary purpose of the Krebs cycle is to generate
energy and synthesize essential molecules.
It achieves this by combining carbon dioxide and
water using energy from the electron transport chain,
resulting in the oxidation of acetyl groups.
This process is key for ATP synthesis, providing energy
for various cellular functions.
Additionally, the Krebs cycle produces intermediate
compounds necessary for synthesizing amino acids
and fatty acids, and it is tightly regulated to meet the
cell’s energy needs.

6. Energy Production:
Interested In Diving Deeper Into Krebs Cycle Enzymes?
Read PraxiLabs’ blog about
“The Krebs Cycle| A Step-by-Step Explanation”
The Krebs cycle is the
process that is responsible
for the oxidation of the
acetyl group, leading to the
ATP synthesis.
Regulation:
The Krebs cycle is regulated
by the availability of enzymes
called the NAD+ and FAD
substrates.
01 03
Formation of substance:
TCA cycle produces intermediate
compounds that are important in the
synthesis of vital substances such as
amino acids and fatty acids, which is
essential for the synthesis of various
cellular components.
02
What are the Pivotal Functions for Krebs Cycle?
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In the coming slides, we will reveal the key steps for the Krebs Cycle.
The Krebs cycle involves eight distinct steps, starting with the intake and breakdown of
food. These steps ensure the continuous production of energy and essential
compounds.

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1 2
Step 1:
Citrate Formation
The cycle begins with the
formation of citrate.
Acetyl CoA reacts with
oxaloacetate in the
presence of the enzyme
citrate synthase, resulting
in the production of citrate,
also known as citric acid.
Step 2: Citrate
Isomers Formation
Citrate is then converted
into its isomer, isocitrate,
through an intermediate
compound called
cis-aconitate.
This transformation is
facilitated by the enzyme
aconitase.

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3 4
Step 3: Isocitrate
Decarboxylation and Oxidation
In the third step, isocitrate
undergoes oxidation to form alpha-
ketoglutarate, releasing carbon
dioxide and producing NADH in the
process.
The enzyme isocitrate
dehydrogenase plays a crucial role
in this step.
Step 4:
Succinyl-CoA Formation
Alpha-ketoglutarate is further oxidized
and binds with coenzyme A to form
succinyl CoA.
This step, catalyzed by alpha-
ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, results
in the production:
Another molecule of NADH1.
Carbon dioxide2.
Proton3.

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5 6
Step 5:
GTP Production
Succinyl CoA is converted into
succinate by the enzyme succinyl-
CoA synthetase, producing GTP
(which can be converted to ATP),
coenzyme A, and succinate.
Step 6:
Fumarate Formation
Succinate is oxidized to fumarate in
a reaction catalyzed by succinate
dehydrogenase, resulting in the
production of FADH₂.

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7 8
Step 7: Malate
Formation
Fumarate is then hydrated
to form malate.
This reaction is facilitated
by the enzyme fumarase,
incorporating a water
molecule into the
structure of malate.
Step 8: Oxaloacetate
Formation
In the final step, malate is
oxidized to regenerate
oxaloacetate, with the
enzyme malate
dehydrogenase catalyzing
the reaction.
This step produces the third
molecule of NADH in the
cycle.

12. What Are the Key Molecules in the Krebs Cycle?
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During the Krebs cycle, oxaloacetate is continuously regenerated, enabling the cycle to
continue.
Additionally, pyruvate, derived from glycolysis, is converted into acetyl CoA, which enters
the Krebs cycle to initiate the production of essential energy molecules.

13. What is the First Chemical Produced and
What Else is Produced During the Cycle?
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3 NADH molecules.
1 FADH₂ molecule.
1 GTP molecule.
2 CO2 or carbon dioxide molecules.
3 (H+) hydrogen ions.
The first chemical produced in the Krebs
cycle is citric acid.
Each Krebs cycle generates the following:

14. How Beneficial to Learn the Krebs Cycle
Through Virtual Simulations?!
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Students engaging in Krebs cycle simulations gain a deeper understanding of cellular
energy production.
These virtual lab simulations make learning interactive and engaging, providing visual
aids and guidance that enhance the experimentation process.

15. These simulations cover a wide range of topics in biology, chemistry, and
physics, helping students to learn and understand scientific concepts and
techniques in an engaging and dynamic manner.
Talk to our experts & Get started Now!
PraxiLabs provides an extensive virtual biology lab experience with numerous
advantages for both instructors and students.
Our virtual labs include highly interactive and immersive 3D simulations that replicate
real-life laboratory environments, allowing users to perform hands-on experiments
without the hazards or high costs of traditional labs.
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