PRE AND POST HISTORY OF INDIAN NATIONAL FLAG.pptx

India's flag history

1. NATIONAL FLAG

2. KNOW ABOUT YOUR NATIONAL FLAG

3. The  tricolor  is a symbol of national pride for every Indian. It signifies India’s long struggle for freedom. The tricolor in its present form was adopted on July 22, 1947, by the Constituent Assembly. Our tricolor has three colors namely, saffron at the top, white in the middle and green at the bottom, divided equally in the ratio of 2:3. The Ashok Chakra in navy-blue color having 24 spokes occupies the center in white . The  first ever flag for India  was made by Irish Disciple of Swami Vivekananda, in the year 1904, it had two colours red and yellow. Red denoted the freedom struggle and yellow symbolised victory. The flag had Vande Mataram written on it in Bengali. It also had a Vajra ( said to be the weapon of rain God Indra ) and a white lotus at the center. Since then many flags have been designed by various personalities. In the same year(1906) a flag was believed to be designed by Sachindra Prasad and Sukumar Mitra . In the year 1907 came the flag designed by Madam Bhikaji Rustom Cama’s flag, Vinayak Damodar Savarkar and Shyamji Krishna Verma

4. In 1916, Pingali Venkaiyya   designed a flag with the intention to bring the whole nation together. He reportedly had met Gandhi, who had said to him to incorporate the charka to represent the economic regeneration of India. Pingali Venkayya came up with a flag with charka on a red and green background. However, Gandhi was not happy with it as he believed that the flag did not represent all religions of India. To address Gandhiji’s concern a new flag was designed. This time the white featured at the top, green in the center and red at the bottom symbolising the minority religions, Muslims and Hindus respectively, with a Charkha drawn across all three bands. Although this flag was not adopted by Congress it was widely used during the freedom movement The Hindu reports that four years preceding 1919, Pingali Venkaiyaa had been offering various designs of flags for the Indian National Flag. However, around this time, there were many who were not satisfied with the religious interpretation of the flag. All India Sanskrit Congress convened in Calcutta in 1924 suggested the inclusion of saffron and ‘ Gadha ’ of Lord Vishnu as the symbol of Hindus. Sikhs too demanded inclusion of yellow color to represent them. In the wake of these developments, Congress Working Committee appointed a ‘Flag Committee on 02-04-1931 to sort out these issues and passing a resolution that "objection has been taken to the three colors in the flag on the ground that they are conceived on the communal basis."

5. As a result of this, a flag featuring just one colour , ochre, and a charka at the upper hoist. The INC did not adopt this flag on the ground of communal lines. Later that year when the congress committee met in Karachi, a resolution was passed saying, The Hindu quotes “The National Flag shall be three-colored, horizontally arranged as before, but the colors shall be saffron, white and green in that order from top to bottom, with the spinning-wheel in dark blue in the center of the white stripe; it being understood that the colors have no communal significance, but that saffron shall represent courage and sacrifice, white peace and truth, and green shall represent faith and chivalry, and the spinning wheel the hope of the masses." This flag was said to be designed by Pingali Venkayya . The Indian National Congress officially adopted this flag on 6 th  August 1931 and hoisted it on August 31, 1931. This day was regarded as Flag day. It had tricolor just like the current national flag but with the charkha at the center.

6. the flag took place on the eve of Independence, a committee of the Constituent Assembly decided that while they would retain the colours and spirit of the tricolour , they needed to make some changes, if only to ensure that the flag of independent India was not identified with the Congress party alone. Finally, it was resolved that the spinning wheel would be replaced by a Asoka Chakra Pingali Venkayya  (2 August 1876/8– 4 July 1963) was an Indian freedom fighter. He was the designer of the flag on which the initial  Indian National Flag  was based. [3]  He was also a  lecturer , author,  geologist , educationalist,  agriculturist , and a  polyglot . [4] [5] At the age of 19, Venkayya had enrolled in the  British Indian Army  and was deployed to South Africa during the  Second Boer War  (1899–1902). During the war when the soldiers had to salute the  Union Jack , the national flag of Britain, Venkayya realised the need for having a flag for Indians . [  When Venkayya attended the  AICC  session in 1906 in  Calcutta , he was inspired to design a flag for the  Indian National Congress  as he opposed the idea of hoisting the  British flag  at Congress meetings

7. Various flags had been used by members of the  Indian independence movement  before independence was achieved in 1947. Pingali Venkayya designed the National Flag and presented it to Mahatma Gandhi during the latter's visit to  Vijayawada  on 1 April 1921. [7] [8] [9]   Venkayya's first draft of the flag was in red and green — the red representing Hindus and green the Muslims living in the country. On Gandhi's suggestion, Venkayya added a white stripe to represent all other denominations and religions present in India. [6]  Since 1921, Venkayya's flag has been used informally at all Congress meetings. The flag was adopted in its present form during a meeting of the  Constituent Assembly  on 22 July 1947. [2] [6] [7] Venkayya was an agriculturist, as well as an educationist who set up an educational institution in  Machilipatnam . He died in relative poverty in 1963 and was largely forgotten by society. [4] [6]  A postage stamp was issued to commemorate him in 2009. In 2012, his name was proposed for a posthumous  Bharat Ratna  though there has been no response from the central government on the proposal. [2] [6]