precentation of Practices micro lab 1.pptx

Microbiology is the study of microscopic organisms such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi. In practices, it involves working with these organisms in a laboratory setting.

1. Garmian Polytechnic University Kifri technical institute Medical Lab. Technology Dept. Practical Microbiology Safety measures & Laboratory. equipment Microbial examination methods: Hanging drop method Prepared By Hemin M Rostam Practical micro

2. Introduction to Microbiology in Practices Microbiology is the study of microscopic organisms such as bacteria , viruses , and fungi . In practices, it involves working with these organisms in a laboratory setting. Practical micro

3. Importance of Safety Measures in Microbiology 1 Protecting Yourself Safety measures are crucial to prevent the spread of infections and protect researchers from harmful microorganisms. 2 Maintaining Accuracy Proper handling ensures that experiments are not contaminated and results are reliable. 3 Preventing Environmental Contamination Safety protocols help prevent the release of hazardous microorganisms into the environment. Practical micro

4. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) in the Microbiology Lab Lab Coats Prevent contamination of clothing and skin by micro organisms . Gloves Protect hands from contact with hazardous materials and prevent the spread of microorganisms. Safety Glasses Protect eyes from splashes of chemicals and microorganisms. Face Masks Protect the respiratory system from inhaling airborne microorganisms. Practical micro

5. Proper Handling and Disposal of Biohazardous Materials Labeling Clearly label all biohazardous materials with appropriate warnings . Transportation Transport biohazardous materials in designated containers and with proper safety precautions. Disposal Dispose of biohazardous materials in accordance with established protocols and regulations. Decontamination Decontaminate all surfaces and equipment that may have come into contact with biohazardous materials. Practical micro

6. Disinfection and Sterilization Techniques Disinfection Process of eliminating most microorganisms , but not necessarily all spores. Alcohol Bleach Phenol Sterilization Process of killing all microorganisms and their spores. Autoclaving Radiation Filtration Practical micro

7. Biosafety Cabinets and their Significance 1 Protection for the Researcher Biosafety cabinets protect the researcher from hazardous microorganisms. 2 Protection for the Environment They prevent the escape of hazardous microorganisms into the surrounding environment. 3 Protection for the Sample They create a sterile environment for working with sensitive microorganisms. Practical micro

8. Pipetting Techniques and Precautions Accuracy and Precision Proper pipetting techniques ensure accuracy and precision in experiments. Calibration Micropipettes should be calibrated regularly to ensure accurate dispensing. Disposal Pipette tips should be disposed of properly into designated biohazard containers. Practical micro

9. Microscopes and their Maintenance Cleaning Lenses should be cleaned with lens paper and cleaning solution. Storage Microscopes should be stored in a dust-free environment, covered with a dust cover. Calibration Microscopes should be calibrated regularly to ensure accuracy. Practical micro

10. Glassware and Equipment Handling Glassware Glassware should be handled with care to prevent breakage and contamination . Equipment Equipment should be handled according to the manufacturer's instructions . Maintenance Regular maintenance of glassware and equipment is essential to ensure their proper functioning. Practical micro

11. Conclusion and Key Take aways Safety measures are paramount in microbiology practices. Proper handling of biohazardous materials , sterilization techniques , and the use of PPE are crucial for the protection of researchers, the environment, and the integrity of experiments. Practical micro

12. Microbial Examination Methods: The Hanging Drop Method Microscopic examination is a fundamental technique used in microbiology to observe and study microorganisms. The hanging drop method is one of the most common and simple techniques used for examining the morphology , motility , and behavior of microorganisms. Practical micro

13. Overview of the Hanging Drop Method Simple Preparation This method utilizes a simple setup involving a slide, cover slip, and a drop of culture medium. Visualization of Motility The hanging drop method allows for observing the movement patterns of microorganisms in a moist environment. Uninhibited Observation This method eliminates the constraints of a solid medium, enabling natural motility and behavior. Practical micro

14. Principle of the Hanging Drop Method The hanging drop method involves suspending a small drop of culture medium containing microorganisms on a cover slip, creating a concave shape that allows for unrestricted movement. This method provides an environment that mimics the natural habitat of the microorganisms, allowing for observation of their motility and behavior without the constraints of a solid medium. Practical micro

15. Preparation of the Hanging Drop Slide 1 Slide Preparation A depression slide, which has a well in the center, is used for this method. This well will hold the drop of liquid culture. 2 Cover Slip Application A cover slip is placed on the slide, creating a seal around the well and leaving a small space between the slide and the cover slip. 3 Petri Dish Preparation A small drop of culture medium containing microorganisms is placed in the center of the cover slip, and the cover slip is carefully inverted over the depression slide. 4 Securing the Slide Vaseline or petroleum jelly is applied to the edges of the cover slip to seal the preparation, preventing evaporation and ensuring the microorganisms remain in a moist environment. Practical micro

16. Procedure for the Hanging Drop Method With a toothpick, spread a small ring of Vaseline around the concavity of a depression slide . Do not use too much Vaseline. After thoroughly mixing one of the cultures, use the inoculating loop to aseptically place a small drop of one of the bacterial suspensions in the center of a coverslip . Lower the depression slide, with the concavity facing down onto the coverslip so that the drop protrudes into the center of the concavity of the slide . Press gently to form a seal. Turn the hanging drop slide over and place on the stage of the microscope so that the drop is over the light hole. Observe Under the Microscope Place the prepared slide on the microscope stage and observe the microorganisms under low power , gradually increasing magnification to view the details. Practical micro Vaseline ring Slide concavity Inoculating loop Drop of bacterial culture Coverslip Turn slide over Toothpick Move slide to coverslip Drop of bacterial culture

17. Advantages of the Hanging Drop Method Simple Setup The hanging drop method is relatively simple to perform, requiring only a few basic materials. Natural Environment The method allows microorganisms to move freely and naturally, providing insights into their true behavior. Uninhibited Motility The hanging drop technique allows for the observation of a wide range of microbial movements, including Brownian motion, true motility, and swarming. Practical micro

18. Limitations of the Hanging Drop Method Short Observation Time The hanging drop method is limited by the evaporation of the culture medium, which can quickly dry out, preventing long-term observations. Limited Magnification The method is often limited to low or medium magnifications, making it difficult to observe very small or delicate microorganisms. Potential Contamination The open nature of the hanging drop preparation can lead to potential contamination from airborne microorganisms. Practical micro

19. Interpretation of Results in the Hanging Drop Method Morphology Observe the shape, size, and arrangement of the microorganisms, noting any unique characteristics. Motility Assess the movement patterns of the microorganisms, including their speed, direction, and any coordinated movements. Grouping Observe how the microorganisms interact with each other, noting any tendencies to form clusters, chains, or other arrangements. Other Observations Record any other notable behaviors or characteristics of the microorganisms, such as gliding, twitching, or flagellar movement. Practical micro

20. Applications of the Hanging Drop Method 1 Microbiology Research The method is used for studying the motility and behavior of a wide range of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and protozoa. 2 Medical Diagnosis The hanging drop method can help identify certain microorganisms that cause disease, assisting in diagnosis and treatment. 3 Industrial Microbiology The method is used in industrial settings for studying the motility of microorganisms involved in fermentation, bioremediation, and other processes. 4 Environmental Microbiology The hanging drop method is essential for examining microorganisms found in soil, water, and other environmental samples. Practical micro

21. Conclusion and Summary The hanging drop method is a valuable tool for studying the morphology , motility , and behavior of microorganisms. While it has some limitations, its simplicity and effectiveness make it a staple technique in microbiology research, diagnosis, and various industrial applications. Practical micro

22. Garmian Polytechnic University Kifri Medical Lab institute Practical micro Thank you Any question?