PREETI HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH1 MAY 2024 2.pptx

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1. TO STUDY THE RADIATION SAFETY AWARENESS AMONG PATIENT AND STAFF OF RADIOLOGY DEPARTMENT IN FORTIS ESCORTS HOSPITAL, AMRITSAR A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO MYAS-GNDU DEPARTMENT OF SPORTS SCIENCES & MEDICINE, GURU NANAK DEV UNIVERSITY, AMRITSAR IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTERS IN HOSPITAL ADMINISTRATION (M.H.A) Supervised by - Dr. Seep Sonali Submitted by – Preeti Co-Supervised by- Dr. H.P. Singh Roll No- 27622203603

2. INTRODUCTION The main objective of this present study is to know about the radiation safety awareness among patients and staff of radiology department in Fortis Escorts hospital, Amritsar. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To evaluate the radiation safety awareness among patient visiting the Radiology department. To evaluate the awareness of radiation protection issues and the knowledge of procedures among the radiology staff in Fortis Escorts hospital, Amritsar. To assess the potential risks for patient safety and possibility of incidents to happen in the Radiology department.

3. DEFINITIONS- Radiology: According to The American Board of Radiology (2020), Radiology is the clinical discipline that utilizes clinical imaging to analyse illnesses and guide their treatment, inside the collections of people and different creatures. It started with radiography (which is the reason its name has a root alluding to radiation), yet today it incorporates all imaging modalities, including those that utilization electromagnetic radiation, (for example, ultrasonography and attractive reverberation imaging), as well as others that do, like registered tomography (CT), fluoroscopy, and atomic medication including positron emanation tomography (PET). Interventional radiology is the exhibition of ordinarily negligibly obtrusive operations with the direction of envision innovations like those referenced previously. Radiation protection: According to IAEA Safety Glossary (2016), The security of individuals from hurtful impacts of openness to ionizing radiation, and the means for accomplishing this Openness can be from wellspring of radiation outer to the human body or because of inside light brought about by the ingestion of radioactive defilement. Radiation safety: According to FRANE (2022), Radiation security is a worry for patients, doctors and staff in numerous offices, including radiology, interventional cardiology and medical procedure Radiation discharged during fluoroscopic methodology are liable for the best radiation portion for clinical Staff. Radiation from symptomatic imaging modalities, like processed tomography, mammography and atomic imaging, are minor supporters of the total portion openings of medical care staff.

4. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY RESEARCH DESIGN 1.Questionnaire based. 2.Descriptive study based on observational technique. SAMPLING TECHNIQUE- 1.Purposive sampling. INCLUSION CRITERIA- 1. Patient visiting and staff working in the Radiology department. 2. Staff working in the Radiology department. EXCLUSION CRITERIA- 1. Non willing participants. 2. All other patient not visiting in the radiology department. PROCEDURE: SAMPLE SIZE n = 436 Staff =20 + Patient =416 TOOLS FOR EVALUATION: 1. The method of collecting data from patient is through using a self-structured Likert scale questionnaire. 2. The method of collecting data from staff is through using a self-structured Observational checklist. METHODOLOGY: The proposed method consists of following steps: The research approach to be adopted in this study include collection of information/option for the radiation department staff on their working practice and patient awareness or knowledge regarding radiation in Fortis Escorts hospital, Amritsar through a well-structured questionnaire.

5. RESULT Table Showing Association Of Score Between Questions For Radiation Safety Awareness With Demographic Variable Age, Qualification And Gender Of Patient. INTERPRETATION- Table represents the finding related to the association of score between Questions for radiation safety awareness with demographic variable age, qualification and gender of patient. DEMOGRAPHIC VARAIBLE STATISTICAL TEST P-VALUE RESULT AGE One-Way ANOVA (Welch's) 0.856 NOT SIGNIFICANT QUALIFICATION One-Way ANOVA (Welch's) 0.658 NOT SIGNIFICANT GENDER Independent Samples T-Test 0.167 NOT SIGNIFICANT

6. Table Is Showing Descriptive Score Between Radiation Safety Awareness Checklist With Reference To The Staff Response To Particular Question. INTERPRETATION- Table represents mean values of response given by staff Woking at radiology department of fortis hospital. N shows no. of staff population working at radiology department of Fortis Escorts hospital, Amritsar and the standard deviation of staff responses in the checklist

7. RESULT EXPLIANED AS PER OBJECTIVES The first objective of this study is to evaluate the radiation safety awareness among patient visiting the Radiology department by applying different statistical test we concluded that the radiation safety awareness among patient visiting at department is fairly good because the p-value is not significant in the test we applied. The second objective of this study is to evaluate the awareness of radiation protection issues and the knowledge of procedures among the radiology staff by applying different statistical test we concluded that the radiation safety awareness among staff of radiology department is good because the p-value is not significant in the test we applied. The third objective of this study is to assess the potential risks for patient safety and possibility of incidents to happen in the radiology department by applying different statistical test we concluded that there are enough measures has been taken by the staff to reduce the risk and incidents to happen because the survey we conducted shows a positive response given by the staff on the checklist.

8. DISCUSSIONS The present research study is undertaken to conduct a study on the radiation safety awareness among patient and staff of radiology department in Fortis Escorts hospital, Amritsar. The research study analysed and evaluated according to the numerous objective by utilizing descriptive and inferential statistics. Radiation safety environment is being followed in the department to provide good radiation safety to the staff and patient visiting and working at radiology department of the Fortis Escorts hospital by taking appropriate measures and this notion has been defined by different respondents which included patients and staff. Thus the survey concluded with a note that the result were not satisfactory because the patient and staff had enough about radiology safety awareness.

9. RECOMMENDATIONS In the light of above findings, some areas were seen which lacked to maintain radiation safety awareness among patient and staff in the Radiology department of the Fortis Escorts hospital, Amritsar. So to rectify the problems the following recommendations are suggested to improve the awareness of patient and staff in the hospital. The patient must be educated by providing precise knowledge about the radiation safety in the department. Distribute educational materials such as brochures, posters, and pamphlets that explain radiation safety principles in simple language. Use visual aids such as diagrams or illustrations to explain radiation safety concepts to patients in a clear and understandable manner. Improvement in communication strategies of the staff should take place so that effective discussion must be taken regarding radiation safety with patients.

10. CONCLUSION The use of imagining and diagnostics service in India is growing rapidly and need of radiography service is noticed from last few decades. Radiology service helps towards the welfare of the patient by providing non-invasive technique to determine the associated illness. Frist and most important agenda of any radiology department is to do no harm to the patient and the staff. Patients were given safety measure during the x- ray procedure is an example of good administration. Patient reaching at the radiology department are less knowledgeable regarding the radiation safety in India. So proper safety should be provided to the patient so that the problems for patient in future should be reduce. The staff of the hospital should have a good and appropriate knowledge regarding the radiation safety so that they can provide patients a healthy environment throughout their journey within the department. All safety parameters should be taken by the staff so that the patient should not go through a hectic situation as the patient is already being tired by the illness they are already suffering from the disease. Staff which is the backbone of the organisation should be taken care of by the hospital management by providing them enough knowledge and regular training sessions. Patients know that the radiations can be hazardous for organs of our body. Patients feel that the staff must wear personal protective equipment during the procedure. Patients knows that if we wear lead apron/thyroid shield the radiation exposure is reduced. The staff knows mammography is the safe modality for a pregnant women. Maximum of staff have been taught or educated on radiation protection or hazards by the institution. Staff knows the three principles regarding radiation protection. Staff keep enough distance from radiation source. Staff of the hospital are aware of laws that govern the Radiological department in India.

11. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Several factors were seen in this study and it was analysed that proper standards of radiation safety are maintained by the staff and the patient visiting at the radiology department in the hospital had been aware about radiation safety awareness. The objective of conducting this study was to assess the radiation safety awareness among patient and staff of radiology department in the hospital. The study’s statistical population consisted of 436 members which included patient visiting at radiology department and radiology staff working at the Fortis Escorts hospital, Amritsar. In this research descriptive study research design was used to conduct the research. Two tool were used to conduct the research. One was well- structured Likert scale questionnaire for patient and one checklist prepared for the staff working at radiology department. The knowledge of the patient and staff about the radiation safety provided at the hospital was assessed, weather the patient and staff are well aware of radiation safety protocols used to protect from radiation emitting through the radiology and imagining machine used in the radiology department, weather the patient knew the need of radiation safety equipment’s, weather the staff provides the patient all safety measures during the treatment, weather the staff is following proper SOPs in the Radiology department , weather the staff is secured from the radiations emitting through the machines of the radiology department, weather the staff is ensuring that the patient are secured from the radiations in their department. From this study it was concluded that majority of patients visiting at radiology department was aware of radiation safety protocol used during the procedure and hazards of radiations on a human body. The staff had enough knowledge about the radiation safety protocols, standards and SOPs used in the department. The staff was also wearing the PPEs most of the time during the procedure. The staff was having proper knowledge about the hazards of the radiation.

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