Preparation of Extension Literature- final.pptx

Literature

1. Preparation of Extension Literature Prepared By Bijayalaxmi Nayak

2. Aim- To practice skills involved in developing farm literature Leaflet/Flyer Folder Booklets Bulletins

3. Literature Literature is a basis of any teaching programmed. The written material is often supported by appropriate illustration and used as extension tool. Leaflet, pamphlet and bulletin play in important role in extension teaching. These are the simple and brief publication for given information to the farmers and interested audience. How to write: 1. Select the subject of your interest and knowledge. 2. Approach the farmer (Probable reader to know their interest. The reader’s interest should be kept in mind rather than authors interest. 3. Review the relevant literature and discuss with experts. 4. After collecting the information, decide the information into three parts i.e. essential desirable and can be committed. 5. Arrange the information in the sequence.

4. Procedure for writing the literature script 1. Introduction should be direct. In the beginning the subject should be clear. 2. Always start from simple to complex or familiar to unfamiliar, treat the reader with respect. Do not use many unfamiliar or complex highs- sounding. it will help to understand the subject. 3. Sentences should be simple and clear. 4. Only one idea in one sentence. The sentences should be understandable. The complex sentences should be avoided. 5. Be accurate, specific and brief while writing. 6. Have short paragraph. 7. Write the information in the sequence.

5. Cont … 8. The cover should be appealing and attractive. The illustration should be appropriate to the subject. 9. The title should be short and appealing. 10. Symbols and complicated diagrams should be avoided. 11. Use suitable type of lettering. Bold and clear letters are better. Positioning and spacing of letters is important in increasing efficiency. 12. Prepare the complete script and after few hours or next day review it or show it to others. 13. Printing of extension literature should be on good quality proper with good type.

6. Preparation of Leaflet/Flyer The leaflet is a single sheet of paper. It can be printed on both side or on one side. Sometimes it is folded and called a folder. Pamphlet varies in size from 12 to 24 pages and a bulletin is a bulkier publication with 24-28 or more pages. http://cifa.nic.in/node/322

7. USES The leaflet always treats one problem or one job or a very small problem. The best leaflet gives accurate and specific instructions on "how to do" a job, a set of improved practice to be followed in solving a home or farm operation Illustrations play a bigger role in leaflets and folders than they do in a magazine story. A good use of colour adds to the attractiveness of the leaflet and gets more readers. Can be used in schools, Announcing events Advertising new company, brand and outlet and local advertisement As magazine or newspaper handouts In farmer's training programme May be distributed by extension worker personally at field days, farmer’s tour and kisan mela etc. May be distributed personally or by post by placing along with seeds, fertilizers and insecticide's bags etc.

8. Advantages and Disadvantages of Leaflet Advantages 1. Economical and easily available 2. Relatively easily and quickly prepared. 3. Good combination of written words, illustrations and pictures so they are more widely accepted. 4. Can be preserved and used by the readers. 5. They should have facts to enjoy a high level of credibility and prestige in readers 6. Supplement other informations and media. 7. Helpful in working with the people. Disadvantages 1. Only for literate people 2. Require expert, skilled professionals for planning, designing, writing the leaflets. Distribution of leaflets is not an easy task, it requires a strong coordination, efforts, time and money.

9. Procedure of writing a leaflet A. Plan the Script 1. Decide your message. Select the urgent need of the farmer and keep the farmer in mind at each and every step. Have one single practice or idea at a time. 2. Jot down all appropriate points. Decide the essential points. Finally arrive at the desirable points . 3. Select the most important one from the essential points which form the central theme. 4. List the remaining essential points in logical order and group the desirable points under appropriate points.

10. (B) Write the script 1. Write for one practice or one idea only which is related to the need of the people. 2. Write all essential points in sequence. Add desirable points, supporting the essential one. Select most important points to catch reader's interest. 3. Write the simple, short sentences and short paragraphs. 4. Use familiar words and be clear in your words and sentences. 5. Write in the language in which your reader understand easily 6. Address your sentence to your reader. 7. Be accurate, brief in information and lead him to action. 8. Use illustrations and pictures in appropriate place.

11. 8. Start with an appeal which will benefit to the readers. 9. Give details with reference to the local situation. Give complete instructions. 10. Round up with confirming what you said at opening of your leaflet. It will reassure your readers. 11. Attractiveness of leaflet can be increased by using different coloured papers or inks and illustrations or photographs. 12. Mention the source from where further information can be obtained.

12. C. Review the script 1. Go over the writing after completion of it after a day. 2. Show it to some one else and pretest the script. 3. Remove the defects and rewrite, where required Heading: This part is most prominently responsible for catching the attention of people. It must be precise, focused on the main theme and written in eye catching words and colours . Sub headings : This is essential when the main heading is not successful in covering the theme of the main text Pictures: To make the leaflet more eye catching, the pictures are mixed in the text so that it becomes more easily understandable, interesting and meaningful Leaflet must be good mixture of text, illustrations and pictures so that they become more interesting for the readers.

13. Preparation of Folder

14. Aim- To study about the preparation of folder A folder is a piece of paper folded once or twice and when opened, material is presented in a sequence. Folders are normally printed on paper heavier than leaflets so they have longer life. Folders are made more attractive by using photographs, line drawings, colour inks and coloured papers. A 4" x 8" folder is quite attrative . There is no set rule in size but a width to length ratio of 1: 1½ may be more suitable when paper size permit without waste

15. Steps in preparing Folder 1. Make the cover attractive and interesting by giving the message in brief. 2. Use bigger letter size at cover (first page) and if possible some action photographs should be given to add to the beauty as well as meaning to the message. 3. In the later pages, first create the interest among the readers about the message by giving most important and useful information in the beginning. 4. Explain the introduction, details etc. in the later pages depending upon the space available. 5. Do not let readers loose interest up to the last page by making the language easy, impressive and interesting. 6. Use headings, sub-headings and photographs to break the monotony of text and make the pages good looking, easy reading and attractive. 7. Simple, readable typefaces of minimum 12 points should be used.

16. Cont … 8. If there is any proforma to be mailed back by the readers, ensure its placing on the reverse of the page which does not contain informations to be retained by the readers. 9. Last page must lead the readers to the action to be taken by them. If possible repeat the message clearly. 10. Do not forget to give the name of the contact person, phone numbers, full address of the organization, etc. on the last page. 11. If the folder is to be mailed, the last page must be reserved for the mailing address.

17. Booklet and Pamphlet Booklets are bound print materials that are made from multiple sheets of paper with a cover page. It consists of more than 5,6 pages. Provides basic information related to the subject Provides additional knowledge Contributes to increased retention of contents

18. Principles It should center on a single concept There should be a logical sequence The writing should be base on the readability level Should create interest Should be attractive

19. Guidelines Spoken language should be taken into account while it is being prepared Illustration with pictures will enhance the comprehension in the learner Color catches attention and helps to make the sectioning of material into topics that follow a train of thought Application Product and service catalogues Reference materials Manuals Any application where detailed descriptions and durability are desired

20. Advantages Makes mass education possible with high efficiency Allow self pacing. Certain people who skim rapidly, using trigger word to read selectively and non-sequentially. Such processing cannot be used with audio tapes. Can be reproduce in local language Relatively cheaper and lasts when given reasonable care Stimulates interest of the learner. Disadvantages Some may throw it out Demands good typing Can’t be used for those who have not learned to read If the learning objective primarily requires skill in dealing with persons, this may not be effective.

21. Pamphlet Pamphlets may or may not be bound and can come as either single sheet or multi sheet print product. In other words, a pamphlet is an unbound booklet without a hard cover or bound, generally available in multiple of ‘4’, mainly 12-24 pages. http://cifa.nic.in/node/322

22. Bulletin It is bulkier publication with 24-50 pages and convey large amount of information for a prime in local situation https://icar-nrri.in/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Quality-Seed-Odia.pdf https://icar-nrri.in/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/RICE-VARIETIES-NRRI.pdf

23. https://www.ctcri.org/publications.html https://seed.iihr.res.in/ https://www.iihr.res.in/central-horticultural-experiment-stationches-bhubaneswar http://nrcb.res.in/

24. THANK YOU