Prescription

prescription and parts of prescription:#prescription writing#

1. BY KRISHNAVENI MANUBOLU PRESCRIPTION

2. Contents Definition Introduction Date Name,age,sex and address of the patient Superscription Inscription Subscription Signatura Renewal instructions Signature, address and registration number of the prescriber

3. DEFINITION a prescription is a written order from a registered medicinal practitioner to pharmacist to compounding and dispenses a specific medication for the patient . Prescription is actually a direct link between physician, pharmacist & patient. Prescription is accompanied by direction for pharmacist and for patient.

4. Introduction Prescriptions may be entered into an electronic medical record system and transmitted electronically to a pharmacy. Alternatively , a prescription may be  hand written on pre printed prescription forms that have been assembled into pads, or printed onto similar forms using a  computer printed  or even on plain paper according to the circumstance. a prescription may be transmitted from the physician to the pharmacist orally by telephone; this practice may increase the risk of medical error.

5. PARTS OF PRESCRIPTION

6. Parts of the prescription Date Name,age,sex and address of the patient Superscription Inscription Subscription Signatura Renewal instructions Signature , address and registration number of the prescriber

7. Date Every prescription must bear the date on which the particular medicines are prescribed . This helps the pharmacist to keep day-day Patient’s record in chronologic order which helps the pharmacist or a physician to refer the old case in future. To avoid misuse of the narcotic or other habitat forming drugs containing prescriptions by the patient a number of times for dispensing.

8. Name, Age, Sex and Address of the patient Name , Age, Sex and Address of the patient must be written on the prescription. Name helps the pharmacist to identify the correct Patients avoiding any chance of giving the medicine to a person other than the one it is dispensed for. patient’s full name must be written instead of nicknames or surnames. Age of the patient becomes important in the case of the Pediatric (children) and Geriatric(old people) cases . Because the dose of drugs in such cases varies(due to their differences in ability to metabolize drugs). Hence dose of the drugs are calculated based on the age factor in such cases. In some cases weight and height of the patients are also required . In some jurisdictions, it may be a legal requirement to include the age of child on the prescription. For pediatric prescriptions some advise the inclusion of the age of the child if the patient is less than twelve and the age and months if less than five . (In general, including the age on the prescription is helpful.) Adding the weight of the child is also helpful.

9. Sex/Gender of the patient Sex/Gender of the patient also plays major role in prescription because dose of drugs may also vary based on the sex/gender of the patient(as their abilities to metabolize/ response towards drugs may vary in many cases). Address of the patient is generally recorded to contact the person at the later stage or to deliver the medication personally.

10. Superscription This part of the prescription is represented by the symbol RX. In the ancient times it is considered as a prayer to Jupiter the God of healing for the fast recovery of the patient. Now a days it is used as a abbreviation for the Latin term “Take Thou” which means “you take ”.     Rx  is an abbreviation for the Latin word " recipere " or "recipe", which means "Take, thou." In the days before manufactured drugs, apothecaries (who were also doctors) would  write  out a formula for medications. ... Another theory states the symbol  Rx   iS the symbol of Jupiter(God of healing).

11. Inscription This is considered as the main part of the prescription order. It contains the names and quantities of the prescribed ingredients. The name of each ingredient is written on a separate along with its quantity .

12. Inscription In the complex prescription containing several ingredients the inscription can be divided into following parts: Base (active medicament of therapeutic action) which is intended to produce therapeutic effect. Adjuvants(substances added to increase action of medicament/ its palatability) to enhance the action of drug or to make the product more palatable. vehicle(substance used to dissolve medicament/increase volume of preparation)

13. Inscription e.g.       Sodium bicarbonate         3g             Simple Syrup                     6ml       Purified Water q.s .            100ml

14. Latin Used in Prescription Writing Latin Used in Prescription Writing Abbreviation Latin Meaning bid Bis in die Twice daily tid - Ter in die -Three times daily qid -Quarter in die -Four times daily hora somni - At bedtime (each night) pc -Post cibum - After meals (or not on an empty stomach prn -Pro re nata - As circumstances may require po Per os -By mouth (orally) pr -Per rectum Rectally (suppository) ac Ante cibum Before meals gtt ( gtts ) Guttae Drop(s)

15. Measurements used in prescription 1 teaspoon = 5 Ml 1 tablespoon = 15 mL

16. SUBSCRIPTION This part of the prescription contains directions of the prescriber to the pharmacist regarding the type and compounding of dosage form along with number of doses to be dispensed. This is important because dose of drug also depends on the type of the dosage form. 

17. SIGNATURA This part of the prescription contains directions to the patient regarding the administration of the drugs. It is generally represented as ‘ Sig ’ on the prescription. The instructions may include: The quantity to be taken The frequency of administration The mode of administration The special instructions such as dilation direction Renewal instructions: In this part, the prescriber whether the prescription can be renewed or not. It also should include the specifications like how many times it can be renewed It is of utmost importance incase of narcotic/other habitat forming drugs.

18. Renewal instructions The prescriber indicates in every prescription, whether it should be renewed, and if renewed, for how many times. It is very important particularly for the case of habit forming drugs to prevent its misuse.

19. Signature, Address and Regd.no of the prescriber The signature and Regd.no of the prescriber turns the prescription into legal and authentic order to the pharmacist. This helps in preventing the use of spurious drugs. Regd.no is of utmost importance in prescription containing narcotic drugs.

20. Signature, Address and Regd.no of the prescriber the name and address of the prescribing provider and any other legal requirement such as a registration number (e.g. DEA Number in the  United States ). Unique for each prescription is the name of the patient. In the United Kingdom and  Ireland, the patient's name and address must also be recorded. Each prescription is dated and some jurisdictions may place a time limit on the prescription .  In the past, prescriptions contained instructions for the pharmacist to use for compounding the pharmaceutical product but most prescriptions now specify pharmaceutical products that were Signature of Prescriber This makes the prescription a legal document Include your degree You must write “brand necessary,” “brand medically necessary,” or “DAW” (Dispense as Written) to get non-generics.

21. References Introduction to pharmaceutics-II , gupta and bajaj,pg:1-3.   Dispensing Pharmacy, R.M.Mehta   Pharmaceutics-II - R. M. Mehta [Diploma – 2nd year]  Cooper & Guns Dispensing http://4my5656.blogspot.com/

22. THANQ