prescriptionandprescriptionhandling.pptx

PRESCRIPYION

1. Prescription and prescription handling BY TALHA SHAHID

2. Contents: Definition, Parts of prescriptions, Legality of prescriptions, Prescription handling, Labeling of dispensed medications (Main label, ancillary label, pictograms), brief instructions on medication usage, Dispensing process, Good Dispensing Practices, Dispensing errors and strategies to minimize 7Hrs. 2 By: Mr. Vinay D. Gaikwad

3. Prescription: Praescriptus , which means "before writing", is the Latin phrase that gives rise to the English word "prescription." Prior to compounding and administering a medication, it was necessary to write a prescription. 3 By: Mr. Vinay D. Gaikwad

4. Prescription: “A prescription is a written instruction of medicine from a physician or a registered medical practitioner. It is a link between the physician and the pharmacist when it comes to prescribing.” Physician (RMP) -------> Pharmacist --------> Patient 4 By: Mr. Vinay D. Gaikwad

5. Parts of Prescription: As an example, a common prescription might include: 1. Prescriber office information 2. Date 3. Patient data (Name, Age, Sex, and Address of the Patient) 4. Superscription (Symbol ℞) 5. Inscription (Medication prescribed) - Main part of a prescription 6. Subscription (Direction to Pharmacist/ Dispenser) 7. Signatura or Transcription (Direction for Patient) 8. Renewal instructions 9. Prescriber’s signature and registration number 5 By: Mr. Vinay D. Gaikwad

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7. 1. Physician (Prescriber) office Information: When a patient becomes ill, having information on their physician is vital to being able to reach them in an urgent situation The prescription contains the following information. Name of the doctor or office; Address with phone number and e-mail; Prescription no. (required when calling the pharmacy for a refill) 7 By: Mr. Vinay D. Gaikwad

8. 2. Date of the Prescription: The top of the prescription should have the date. As a result, a pharmacist can quickly determine the date of the prescription. If the prescription is being refilled, knowing when the last time the drug was dispensed is also helpful. The date protects the patient from abusing a medication that is habit-forming. 8 By: Mr. Vinay D. Gaikwad

9. 3. Patient Data: This section should contain the patient's name, age, weight, gender, and address. This is a very necessary feature since it is used to identify the person. Identifying information such as the patient's name and address is required. Child patients must provide their age, weight, and gender in order to determine the necessary dose. 9 By: Mr. Vinay D. Gaikwad

10. 4. Superscription: This is the section of the prescription that contains the sign "Rx", which stands for "Take Thou" It's a Latin term, and it's a good one. You take is a common expression in English. In the past, the sign was thought to have come from the Jupiter sign. God of healing Jupiter is a Greek deity. The patient's fast recovery was requested by using this sign. 10 By: Mr. Vinay D. Gaikwad

11. 5. Inscription (Medication Prescribed): The inscription, which is the most important portion of the prescription, contains information about the drug's composition and dose. The medication may be either an official or non-official formulation of some kind. Official Preparation (i.e., from pharmacopoeia): The name of the preparation is the only thing written. E.g., Piperazine Citrate Elixir IP. Non-official Preparation: Each ingredient's quantity and preparation type will be specified. 11 By: Mr. Vinay D. Gaikwad

12. 6. Subscription: In the prescription, the subscription contains instructions for the pharmacist on how to produce a dose. This section of the prescription specifies the number of dosage units and the amount to be administered. E.g., 10 Tabs of Paracetamol , for instance (that means 10 pieces paracetamol tablet). 12 By: Mr. Vinay D. Gaikwad

13. 7. Signatura : To be printed on the label. "Signature" is the most common way to refer to it. The prescription is completed by signing the prescription. t.i.d (three times a day), b.i.d (two times a day), and o.d (one day) are used in the signatura (once a day). Signed and stamped prescriptions are issued by a licensed medical professional. 13 By: Mr. Vinay D. Gaikwad

14. Handling of Prescription: The handling of the prescription is crucial. The pharmacist should follow the following steps when processing a prescription for compounding and dispensing: 1. Receiving 2. Reading and checking 3. Collecting and weighing the materials 4. Compounding, packaging and labeling 14 By: Mr. Vinay D. Gaikwad

15. 1. Receiving: The pharmacist must get the prescription. While accepting a prescription, a pharmacist should not alter his/her facial expression in any way. It creates the appearance that the patient is puzzled or stunned after seeing the prescription. 15 By: Mr. Vinay D. Gaikwad

16. 2. Reading and Checking: Behind the counter, the prescription should be checked after it is received. The validity of the prescription should be verified. Verify the prescriber's signature and the date of the prescription. In order to properly fill up a prescription, the pharmacist must read all of the lines and words. He/she must not make any guesses about the words. As soon as he or she has any doubts, a pharmacist should call another pharmacist or a prescriber. 16 By: Mr. Vinay D. Gaikwad

17. 3. Collecting and Weighing the Material: Materials should be retrieved from shelves or drawers. Each material should be placed on the correct side of the balance once it has been measured. After the prescription components have been compounded, they are returned to the shelves or drawers. Three times each container of material should be inspected during compounding. As soon as they are removed from the shelves/drawers Measurement of materials. When the containers are placed back on the shelves or drawers, the process is complete. 17 By: Mr. Vinay D. Gaikwad

18. 4. Compounding, Packaging and Labeling: It is recommended that just one prescription be prepared at one time. Clean surfaces should be used during compounding. Each piece of equipment must be thoroughly cleaned and dried before use. It should be created under the supervision of the doctor or in accordance with pharmacopoeia or formulary instructions. It is important to fill the containers with the prepared compounds. The container should be clearly marked with a label. 18 By: Mr. Vinay D. Gaikwad

19. Source of Errors in Prescription: Medication or prescription mistakes can occur for a variety of reasons. 1. Legibility: The handwritten prescription might be difficult to read in some cases. Medicines are often misspelled. Metrix and Metriz are two examples. It's easy to confuse these two brands. Metriz , on the other hand, includesmetronidazole , and Metrix , glucosamine. 2. Checking: To recheck the entire medicine, no one is accessible to do so. 19 By: Mr. Vinay D. Gaikwad

20. 3. Too Many Customers: The dispenser needs additional time to adequately manage a large number of clients. As a result, mistakes arise when consumers are pressed for time. 4. Lack of Concentrations: If they do not, every dispenser should focus on prescriptions. There is a problem. 20 By: Mr. Vinay D. Gaikwad

21. 5. Too many phone calls and social media: The use of a mobile phone during business hours should be avoided or turned off. 6. Lack of Experience: In this area, experience is crucial. 21 By: Mr. Vinay D. Gaikwad

22. Labeling of dispensed medications: Label means display of printed information which is securely affixed to the containers and primary packaging containing the medicines. Label should provide the patient with all necessary information for appropriate use of medicine. General labeling requirements Cautionary and advisory labels Special instructions for different types of products 22 By: Mr. Vinay D. Gaikwad

23. What is an ancillary label? Common examples of auxiliary label warnings and instructions include: “May cause drowsiness” “Keep in Refrigerator” “Shake well before using” 23 By: Mr. Vinay D. Gaikwad

24. What is a pictogram label? The Hazard Communication Standard (HCS) requires pictograms on labels to alert users of the chemical hazards to which they may be exposed. Each pictogram consists of a symbol on a white background framed within a red border and represents a distinct hazard(s). 24 By: Mr. Vinay D. Gaikwad

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26. Properties of Label: Information given on label should be; Accurate Legible Intelligible Adequate and relevant 26 By: Mr. Vinay D. Gaikwad

27. Importance of Label: To provide consumers with information on the product To ensure the appropriate and safe use of approved products To distinguish the product from that of competitors establish a brand) A legal requirement. 27 By: Mr. Vinay D. Gaikwad

28. Different parts of Label: Active ingredients (A) Purpose (B) Uses (C) Warnings (D) Directions (E) Other information (F) Inactive ingredients (G) 28 By: Mr. Vinay D. Gaikwad

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30. Dispensing process: “Dispensing refers to the process of preparing and supplying medicines to a named person together with clear instructions, advice and counseling where necessary on the use of those medicines. It involves the correct interpretation of the order for prescribed medicines and accurate preparation and labeling of medicines for use by the patient.” 30 By: Mr. Vinay D. Gaikwad

31. The dispensing process includes all activities that occur between the times the prescription or request for medicine is presented up to the time the medicines or other prescribed items are issued to the patient. Screening of Prescription: Preparation of Medicines: Supplying the Medicines: Counseling: 31 By: Mr. Vinay D. Gaikwad

32. Steps Involved in Dispensing: Processing the Prescription: Preparing the Medicines: Counter-Checking: Recording: Issuing Medicines to the Patient: 32 By: Mr. Vinay D. Gaikwad

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34. Good Dispensing Practice: “Good Dispensing Practice ensures that the right medicines of desired quality are delivered correctly to the right patient with the right dose, strength, frequency, dosage form and quantity, together with clear instructions, both written and verbal and with appropriate packaging suitable for maintaining the quality and efficacy of the medicine.” 34 By: Mr. Vinay D. Gaikwad

35. A safe, clean and organized working environment provides the basis for good dispensing practice. The dispensing environment includes: Qualified / trained staff Appropriate physical surroundings Adequate shelving and storage areas Proper work surfaces Suitable equipment Necessary packaging materials 35 By: Mr. Vinay D. Gaikwad

36. Dispensing errors and strategies to minimize them: Dispensing is a phase of the patients' medication process where errors are common, but strategies are in place to minimize them. Medication errors can occur in many phases of the patient's medication process, from prescribing and dispensing to administration or monitoring. Prescription and dispensing errors are the most frequent (up to 50%), but it must be taken into account that in most cases they can be prevented. 36 By: Mr. Vinay D. Gaikwad

37. Strategies for reducing and preventing medication errors: Minimize clutter: Verify orders: Use barcodes: be aware of look-alike sound-alike (LASA) drugs: Have a second pair of eyes check prescriptions: Design effective warning systems: Involve the patient: Trust your gut: be proactive: Track medication errors: 37 By: Mr. Vinay D. Gaikwad

38. Thank You….! 38 By: Mr. Vinay D. Gaikwad