Presentation about obestiy ..............

Presentation about obesity
by Ali Khalil

1. Obesity

2. Sleep insufficiency Imbalance between energy intake and physical activity Genetic disorder Hormonal imbalance Common Causes Drugs Postnatal influence

3. More energy intake and less physical activity

4. leptin– melanocortin circuit in the hypothalamus

5. Short breast feeding

6. Reduce insulin sensitivity and leptin levels Increases the levels of cortisol and ghrelin

7. Antidepressant Antidiabetics Steroids Antipsychotic

8. increase cortisol like in cushing syndrome decrease TH hormone

9. HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE DM TYPE 2 Complications FATTY LIVER CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE

10. HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE -Ectopic fat around kidney activate renin angiotensin and aldosterone system which lead to vasoconstriction and reabsorption of Na from renal tubule

11. Ectopic deposition of AT in other organs leads to abnormal fat accumulation around the heart, which has been related to CVD risk CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE Accumulation of fat in blood vessels leading to atherosclerosis

12. DM TYPE 2

13. FATTY LIVER adipocytes cannot accept TG from VLDL or hydrolyze intracellular TG, which causes more FFAs to be released into the circulation so this lead to accumulation of fat in non adipose tissue organ like liver and cause fatty liver

14. Non pharmacological treatment Diet change Bariatric surgery Increased physical activity

15. Nutraceuticals are the formulation of nutrient/nutrients which helps in prevention and treatment of Obesity, in addition to a supplement diet

16. + BMI > 40 kg/m2 alone or >35 kg/m2 with comorbidities + failed in attempts to diet and exercise,

17. Gastric and pancreatic lipase inhibitor steatorrhea , fecal incontinence, Fat soluble vitamin deficiency Patients with chronic malabsorption syndrome

18. Elevation in heart rate, mood and sleep disorders, Glaucoma, hyperthyroidism , NE agonist /GABA agonist and glutamate antagonist

19. , vomiting , dizziness, insomnia, dry mouth, sleep disorder Chronic opioid use, acute opioid withdrawal, uncontrolled hypertension, seizure disorder ,, abrupt discontinuation of alcohol Opioid receptor antagonist/ NE reuptake inhibitor

20. GLP-1 analogue Increased heart rate, hypoglycemia, vomiting , headache,constipation Personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma

21. Nausea,decreased appetite, vomiting, constipation, dyspepsia , and abdominal pain Personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma GIP/GLP-1 dual agonist New drug

22. Weight-loss drugs should be discontinued if substantial (5%) weight loss has not occurred by 12 weeks. Preparations that combine 2 drugs have greater weight-loss benefits and better side-effect profiles. Weight-loss drugs have better effects when used in combination with lifestyle modification . All weight-loss drugs are contraindicated in pregnancy.

23. 1- Overconsumption of calorie-dense foods is one significant causal factor in obesity, which may provoke the food addiction mechanism. 2- Obesity may result from a combination of dysfunction of brain circuits and neuroendocrine hormones related to pathological overeating, physical inactivity and other pathophysiological conditions. 3- New therapeutic strategies have become available for managing obesity apart from the standard protocol of diet and/or exercise , These include anti-obesity drugs, various bariatric surgical procedures, and FMT. 4- Despite significant progress, obesity remains a pressing public health challenge and warrants urgent and unwaving research efforts to illuminate the neuropathophysiological basis of the chronic disease Conclusion

24. Recommendation

25. Physical activity for 60 min daily

26. Increase intake of fruits and vegetables

27. Do not eat while reading , watching TV , playing video game s

28. Adequate duration of sleep

29. Reducing stress