Presentation for CIDR in the conference r

do Necessary changes in the PPT for more attractive manner

1.   CENTRE FOR INFECTIOUS DISEASES RESEARCH ( CIDR ) Indian Institute of Science Bangalore-560012 http://cidr.iisc.ernet.in March, 2015

2. The beginning of CIDR A Centre for Infectious Diseases research was set up in the year 2002 for faculty specifically researching on pathogens and related work and a Biosafety laboratory of level 3 was added to this. CIDR in the present form was established in the year 2013. The Centre along with BSL-3 labs for made open to Institute faculty through an informal opening by Prof. Balaram, the then Director of IISc. on 11 th July 2014. The grants from the Institute and infrastructure moved form SDTC helped setup the Common laboratory space, tissue culture labs.

3. The Main objectives of the CIDR are First , to provide the intellectual and infrastructural support for research on human infectious diseases with translational outcomes, spearheaded by senior fellows, e.g. Ramalingaswami , Ramanujan, DBT- Wellcome etc , who have procured competitive grants for studies related to infectious disease research. Second , to enable researchers to perform studies in the Biosafety Level- 3 (BSL-3) facility, a state-of-the-art biocontainment space to perform research with highly infectious organisms, e.g. M. tuberculosis , HIV etc. This facility allows researchers to address topical questions on new and emerging infections. Third , CIDR promotes interactions between researchers in IISc and national/international visitors, facilitates collaborations with clinicians/industry and basic research scientists and provides an avenue for multidisciplinary activities. Fourth , to train a cadre of dedicated and talented individuals who will be well versed in disease biology and encourages the translation and applications of research findings. Finally , to raise the public’s awareness on infectious diseases

4. CIDR facilities The BSL-3 lab was made open for researchers working in the field of Infectious diseases mainly TB in the year 2014 To the current facility an Animal BSL-3 was added in the year 2017 The infrastructure was expanded with addition of 3 labs through a grant from Infosys in the year 2019 The CIDR was expanded further with addition of a Viral BSl-3 lab in the year 2020 which got expanded further in 2022 The addition to these labs are the Genomics and Sequencing facility

5. BSL-3 labs

6. ANIMAL BSL-3 & BSL-3 FACS FACILITY

7. VIRAL BSL-3 LABS

8. Covid lab

9. The scourge of infectious diseases present an ongoing threat to the health and livelihood of people and stability of nations worldwide. Infectious diseases continue to be among the major causes of mortality and morbidity. Infectious diseases and its implications : Tuberculosis, malaria, HIV/Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and other viral and parasitic diseases take a major toll in terms of mortality, with an estimated high fatality rate of 15 million deaths per year worldwide. (WHO,2004) Burden of Death D ue to Infectious D iseases: Global Context Leading causes of death worldwide . About 15 million (<25%) of 57 million annual deaths worldwide are the direct result of infectious diseases. (WHO,2004)

10. Burden of Disease in India (2012), WHO,2015 India, the second most populous country in the world, suffers greatly from the burden of infectious diseases. Communicable or infectious diseases account for nearly half of India’s disease burden. India is home to 2.2 million tuberculosis patients / the largest number in a single country. one person dies of the disease every two minutes in India. Malaria still a major threat in India. Estimated 23.9 lakh HIV infections. India is home to the second largest population of people living with HIV –an epidemic which is concentrated in high risk populations. Emerging infections and epidemics has and will remain a great challenge for India with its size and population. Burden of Death D ue to Infectious D iseases: Indian Context

11. Over the last few decades, infectious diseases such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARs), H1N1influenza (swine flu), H 5 N 1, H 7 N 9 influenza (bird flu), Ebola, etc. have taken a heavy toll of life. New and emerging infections caused by Different strains of the influenza virus, rotavirus, flavivirus , Ebola etc are increasing . Few of the examples of emerging and re-emerging diseases. Red represents new emerging diseases, blue , re-emerging/resurging diseases; black a deliberately emerging disease . ( Morens etal ., 2004)

12. Which enhanced the microbial adaptation leading to human susceptibility to re-emergence of the infections and diseases in today’s modern world.   Factors responsible for the rise in infectious diseases: Increasing globalization Population explosion Poverty and social inequality Ease of international travel and trade Poor public health infrastructure Changing climate and ecosystems Greater contact between people and animals

13. To meet the threat of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases-there is an increasing need for translational and applied research on infectious diseases leading to better identification, faster diagnosis and possibly newer drugs and vaccines. In the recent years, research activities in the area of infectious disease have blossomed. Large amounts of data are available on different genomes and expression profiling. This opportunity needs to be exploited to generate more information on the basic biology of pathogens and host responses. It is possible that such approaches will lead to better drug targets and greatly increase the chances of success against some major infectious diseases. Infectious Diseases: Comprehensive efforts required NOW !!

14. The Indian Institute of Science is committed to working on areas of global relevance and has established the Centre for Infectious Diseases Research (CIDR) to focus research in the area of infectious diseases with translational goals . CIDR has its roots in the Sir Dorabji Tata Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (SDTC) which operated as a part of the Society for Innovation and Development (SID) some years back. Subsequently, it was felt that a new centre located within IISc would be better poised to attract researchers which led to the newly rejuvenated CIDR. CIDR is located in the building adjacent to the Central Animal Facility. It houses a large Biosafety Level-3 facility on the ground floor, supported by a spacious laboratory with cubicles and seating for research personnel, functional culture rooms, a cold room, MilliQ water facilities along with a conference room, meeting room and a small library.   CENTRE FOR INFECTIOUS DISEASES RESEARCH (CIDR)

15. Goals of CIDR First , to provide the intellectual and infrastructural support for research on human infectious diseases with translational outcomes, spearheaded by senior fellows, e.g. Ramalingaswami , Ramanujan , DBT- Wellcome etc , who have procured competitive grants for studies related to infectious disease research . Second , to enable researchers to perform studies in the Biosafety Level- 3 (BSL-3) facility, a state-of-the-art biocontainment space to perform research with highly infectious organisms, e.g. M. tuberculosis , HIV etc. This facility allows researchers to address topical questions on new and emerging infections. Third , CIDR promotes interactions between researchers in IISc and national/international visitors, facilitates collaborations with clinicians/industry and basic research scientists and provides an avenue for multidisciplinary activities . Fourth , to train a cadre of dedicated and talented individuals who will be well versed in disease biology and encourages the translation and applications of research findings . Finally , to raise the public’s awareness on infectious diseases.

16. CIDR administration and personnel:   There is a committee of faculty who oversee the working of CIDR which consists of : Prof. U. Varshney , MCBL ([email protected]) Prof. Sandhya Visweswariah , MRDG ([email protected]) Prof. S. Vijaya , MCBL ([email protected]) Prof. S. Das, MCBL ([email protected]) Prof. D. Nandi, BC ([email protected]) - Convenor Administrative personnel: Dr . R. S. Rajmani , Senior Research Scientist (DBT-GIA program) Office Staff: Ms . Bharathi Vishwanath   Lab helpers: Mr . Yethiraj Y. H. Mr . Naveen Kumar N. Mr . Ramesh C. K.

17. Currently, there are three researchers working in the areas of the BIG THREE infectious diseases, i.e. tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS and malaria. These researchers and their groups work in a large main laboratory that is present in the first floor of CIDR. In addition, some members work in the BSL-3 facility that is located in the ground floor of CIDR. CIDR main laboratory The main laboratory space in CIDR

18. Enables researchers to perform studies in the Biosafety Level- 3 (BSL-3) facility, a state-of-the-art biocontainment space to perform research with high infectious organisms, e.g. Mycobacterium tuberculosis , HIV etc . ~3000 sq feet of built up space with biosafety cabinets (BSC ). 24hr technical support and constant monitoring through a panel of ten video cameras . State of the Art Flow Cytometer which can analyse upto 18 colours BSL-3 Laboratory, CIDR Salient Features of BSL-3 facility, a state of art facility

19. Research groups in CIDR Dr. Amit Singh ’s group is interested in elucidating the mechanisms involved in the latency and reactivation of M. tuberculosis . Specifically, his group is studying the WhiB family of redox-dependent transcription factors which may facilitate long term persistence of M. tuberculosis during infection . These studies might reveal potential new targets to eliminate latency and drug resistance during tuberculosis. Dr. Amit Singh with members of his laboratory.

20. Dr. A. Vyakarnam ’s group is attempting to identify novel correlates of protective immunity to HIV and TB infections. It is well known that HIV infections predispose individuals to tuberculosis. She has developed a consortium of scientists, clinicians and technologists involved in Systems Biology, Immunology, Virology and Molecular Biology techniques to identify novel correlates of protection in Indian patients, which can be translated into novel biomarkers . Dr. Annapurna Vyakarnam with members of her laboratory.

21. Infosys Foundation funding for CIDR for 2016-2020 Building Annex Two Infosys fellows Creation of an additional animal facility inside BSL-3 Research projects that are translation/diagnostic Seminars/training workshops

22. Dr. Suchi Goel has recently joined CIDR as an INFOSYS fellow . Her laboratory will focus on malaria.

23. Long term goals….   Our hope is that the funding will allow CIDR to attract and recruit high quality researchers and set the stage for expansion and broadening of activities.   It will allow researchers to perform cutting edge research in the area of infectious disease with Indian patient samples.   In the long run, perhaps, this investment will set the stage for important translational discoveries which may be useful to society at large.

24. Thank You