presentation on cultivator of 9 tine PPT.pptx

Field evaluation of tractor drawn cultivator

1. A Seminar on Industrial Attachment Programme at “INTERNATIONAL TRACTORS LIMITED SONALIKA” Presented by Mr. Bhushan Madhukar Bhavar Reg. No.: - EJ-04/2020 Department of Farm Machinery and Power Engineering Dr. Ulhas Patil College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Jalgaon . affiliated to Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri .

2. Case study Title: Field Evaluation of Tractor Draw n Cultivator with Rigid Ti nes

3. Objective To Evaluate the Field Performance of Tractor Drawn Cultivator with Rigid Tines

4. Introduction A cultivator is a secondary tillage implement used for pulverizing and partly crushing the tilled and musty soil beds.   . Cultivator is a tractor-drawn implements used to prepare the soil for farming.   They are used to remove weeds. It comes in a variety of sizes and configurations, from small handheld tools to large, tractor-mounted machines. It is commonly used in gardening, landscaping, and farming operations to prepare soil for planting and to control weeds It can also be used as a primary tillage tool for breaking up un-ploughed ground or as a secondary tillage tool for working soil that has already been ploughed.

5. Types of Cultivator There are four types of cultivator available, mentioning below:-  Spring Tine Cultivator Rigid Tine Cultivator Duck Foot Cultivator Bar Point Cultivator

6. Rigid Tine Cultivator- Tractors fitted with hydraulic system operate the mounted type cultivators. The tines are bolted between angle braces, fastened to the main bars by sturdy clamps and bolts. Spacing of the tines are changed simply by slackening the bolts and sliding the braces to the desired position. The tines are made of high carbon steel and are held in proper alignment on the main frame members.

7. Cultivator Specifications Type Rigid Type Number of Tines 9 Material Mild Steel Type of mounting 3 point Linkage Overall Length (cm) 203.9 Overall Width (cm) 87.8 Overall Height (cm) 115.7 Total Approx. Weight (kg) 270kg Suitable HP Range 40 HP & above

8. Field Performance Working Depth- The vertical distance between Shovel & ground level is referred as depth of cut. To obtain accurate result, the depth should be measured at minimum 5 places & its average taken.   Working Width- For determine working width, average of 5 runs should be taken. The measurement of composite width should be taken at minimum 5 equidistant places in the direction of travel. Average working width should be determined.

9. Measuring Depth Measuring Width

10. Fuel Consumption The fuel consumption is measured by the standard method, the fuel tank was filled up to top level by keeping the tractor on level land and after completing the operation, the fuel tank was filled up again. The difference of two observations gave the fuel consumed in the concerned operation .

11. Travel Reduction (Wheel Slippage)- A mark was made on the tractor drive wheel with white chalk and the distance the tractor moves forward at every 10 revolutions under no load and the same revolution with load on same surface was measured. Expressed mathematically as: T. R. (Wheel slip) = Where, T.R. = travel reduction (%), M2 = At no load M1 = With load   Operating speed: Operating speed was measured by a distance traveled in specific time.

12. Field Capacity Effective field capacity- The effective field capacity was determined by the following formula: E.F.C. Theoretical field capacity- T.F.C. After getting both the values as above formula, the field efficiency was calculated by the following formula : Field efficiency- Field efficiency(%) = × 100  

13. Sr. no Parameters Operations I II III IV 1) Working Depth(cm) 12.76 12.84 12.94 13.27 2) Working Width (cm) 205.4 205.3 205.5 205.7 3) Operating Speed (km/hr) 3.70 3.68 4.13 4.38 4) Time Required for one hectare ( hr ) 1.76 1.80 1.63 1.58 5) Fuel consumption (lit/ hr ) 3.68 3.60 3.80 3.90 6) Percentage of Wheel Slippage (%) 3.60 3.50 4.10 4.77 Field performance of SONALIKA RX 47 with cultivator Field Performance Test:

14. Result: Parameters Observations Tractor Used Sonalika RX 47 Sikander Type of Soil Medium Black Land Levelling Levelled Area Covered (ha/ hr ) 0.554-0.629 Fuel Consumption (lit/ hr ) 3.60-3.90 Effective Field Capacity (ha/ hr ) 0.591 Theoretical Field Capacity (ha/ hr ) 0.815 Field Efficiency (%) 72.51

15. Conclusion: A cultivator is an agricultural tool used to get rid of weeds and make a good place to plant seeds. Cultivators are also used to plough and move the soil out of its place so that the soil can get more air and the seeds can grow properly. There are mostly four different kinds of cultivators: Disc harrows, tine harrows, spring tine cultivators, and rigid tine cultivators. With the invention of the motor and rotary cultivator, the use of cultivators in farms for commercial purposes became common. This was a big step forward in the agricultural industry. Now, the cultivators are hooked up to tractors to work on bigger areas in less time.

16. References Elements of agril . Engineering by Dr. Jagdiswar Sahay (S) Third edition 1992. www.sonalika.com E-Krishi shiksha www.tractorjunction.com