Presentation on Delhi- The National Capital Territory

A PowerPoint presentation prepared by students of classes VI-VIII on the capital city of India -Delhi.

1. WELCOME TO DELHI

2. Evolution of Delhi From being the salad bowl to being a melting pot of the nation , Delhi remains the proud capital of India . Salad bowl because this capital evolved in its social , political , economical and cultural components in the hands of different rulers and leaders who had their own distinctiveness ,like the food elements used in a salad. In contemporary times Delhi is the cultural center which represents a juxtaposition of all the varieties found in every corner of the nation. The inhabitants of Delhi truly represent the people of India. It is home to the indigenous people residing in the country. Therefore , it has successfully evolved from the salad bowl to a melting pot where we find inhabitants from all the 29 states of the country at one center which is Delhi

3. Delhi has a population of 9.879 million.  Out of the 4 Metropolitan cities of India i.e. Mumbai, Chennai, Delhi and Kolkata, Delhi also known as the city of dilwalas , is the largest one. The population of Delhi is a mosaic that represents India with all its unity in diversity. Because of its heterogeneous population, Delhi embodies the spirit of India in every sense of the term.   POPULATION

4. GEOGRAPHY A former union territory, Delhi has been declared as a National Capital Region. Spread over 1483 sq. km., it is situated between 28-29 degree north latitudes and 76-78-degree east longitudes. Delhi is bounded on the north, south and west by Haryana, and on the east by Uttar Pradesh. Delhi in its physical setting resembles a triangle.

5. Before the dawn of history The birth of this city had its roots in the epic era of the Mahabharata. Delhi was the legendary capital of the Pandavas and was known as Indraprastha, City of Indra. It was the capital of the kingdom led by the Pandavas in the  Mahabharata  epic. The city is sometimes also known as  Khandavaprastha , the name of a forest region on the banks of Yamuna river.

6. New Delhi

7. dHILIKA – THE FIRST CITY Raja Dhilu founded ancient Delhi in 800 BC. It became the capital of British India in 1912. It was in the year 1856 that the British company (East India Company ) came to India and the nation got prepared for yet other series of changes as per the British requirements as well as development of the nation . Then Delhi got the opportunity to experience the leaderships of kings belonging to various dynasties such as Pandavas, Tomar Rajputs, Chauhans, Rajputs, Mamluk dynasty, Khilji dynasty, Tughlak dynasty, Lodi dynasty etc.

8. Among the six rulers of Khilji dynasty, Alauddin Khilji laid the foundation of his capital Siri in 1303 A.D. He also commissioned a minar (Victory Tower) exceeding the Qutab Minar but the same could not be completed. He also excavated a reservoir known as Hauz Khaz to meet the requirement of Siri township. He also constructed semi circular gateway with horseshoe shaped arch with lotus motifs. The Second city-Siri is born

9. The Glimpse of Tughlakbad – Third City In the 1320s Ghiasuddin Tughlak , known as a headstrong tyrant, created the third city of Tughlakabad. He created a fort here (the splendid ruins still remain ) with high battlements He also raised a city, Jahanpanah, which largely comprised a walled enclosure between Qila Rai Pithora and Siri. This is sometimes called the fourth city of Delhi. Tughlakabad, however, continued to be the main city. There were eleven rulers from the Tughlak dynasty but only the first three generations were interested in architecture-raising mosques, caravansarais, madrasas and laying canals.

10. Muhammad bin Tughlak attempted to combine the three previous cities of Delhi – Dilli , Siri and Tughlakabad with his new capital. Delhi’s fourth city, Jahanpanah thus came into being. Today,the city of Jahanpanah has disappeared under cover of thick forest, extending over 400 acres between Tughlakabad and Chirag Dilli . Jahanpanah City Forest is Delhi’s largest green lung, with a seven kilometer jogging track –indeed the longest in a city forest. Refuge of the World– Jahanpanah , the Fourth City

11. One of the Tughlak Rulers, Firoz Tughlak created the fourth city of Delhi , Firozabad or Kotla Firoz Shah next to the river Yamuna. This was a large enclosure of high walls , containing palaces , pillared halls , mosques, a pigeon tower and a water tank. Apart from raising new buildings, Firoze Shah also repaired old ones,such as Sultan Ghori's tomb,Qutub Minar,Suraj Kund and Hauz Khas. ( Firoze Shah's tomb, a lofty structure, lies in Hauz - Khas. ) Building the fifth city - Firozabad

12. New beginnings at Sher Shahi – the sixth city Sher Shahi consisted of :- Shergarh Qila Rai pithora Humayumb’s Tomb

13. Q ila Rai Pithora also known as Rai Pit hora's Fort was a fort city built in 12th-century by Chauhan king, Prithviraj Chauhan Rajputs had taken over the city of Delhi, from Tomar Rajputs. It also incorporated, much older lal Kot built earlier by 8th-century Tomar Rajput ruler, Anang Pal I. Qila is a Persian word meaning a fort or castle. [ It was from the fort that the Tomar, Chauhan and the Slave Dynasty ruled over Delhi from 12th to 13th century. Qila Rai Pithora

14. Splendor of the seventh city - Shahjahanabad Delhi went into something of an eclipse from the time of Humayun's Delhi to the accession of Shahjahan, the great Mughal builder who in 1648 built Shahjahanabad, the seventh city of Delhi. Shahjahan's Delhi, is today more visible than all the Delhi's built before it. The scale on which he built was also more heroic, as can be seen from the Red Fort and the Jama Masjid. The magnificence of the palace (Red Fort - World Heritage Monument at present) is best described in the famous couplet inscribed in the Diwan-i-Khas :

15. BIRTH OF BRITISH ARCHITECTURAL BUILDING Within the years of 1919 and 1935 Robert Tor Russell 9188- 19720 chief architect to the Government of India ,executed designs for a number of supplementary buildings required in the new capital .They included Connaught place which was a shopping center , two legislators and the mansion of the army , commander in chief On 12 th February 1921 the duke of Connaught palace 91863-19380 laid the foundation stone for the Indian legislative chambers in New Delhi , Architectural developments of New Delhi had taken up pace by this time ,with the city gradually turning into marvel under British rule

16. Lutyen’s New Delhi – A Modern Capital Lutyten’s Delhi is an area in Delhi ,specifically New Delhi is named after the leading British Architect Edwin Lutyens (1869-1944) who was responsible for much of the architectural design and building when India was part of the British Empire in the 1930s. Lutyens bungalow zone is the area spread over 2,800 hectare area with bungalows for government officials and their administrative offices. The zone stretches up to Lodi road in the south. In order to create development control norms , the ministry of urban development constituted the New Delhi Redevelopment Advisory Committee (NDRAC) in 1972,when the redevelopment of the areas around the walled city ,north of Connaught place And on Prithviraj road was taken up. Thus the Lutyen’s bungalow Zone (LBZ) was first notified in 1988 and later modified in 2003

17. Design and construction of Lutyens Lutyens led a team of architects in laying out the central administrative area of the city, with the charge of retaining one-third of the area as green space. At the heart of the city was the impressive Rashtrapati Bhawan, formerly known as Viceroy's House, located on the top of Raisina Hill. The Rajpath, also known as King's Way, connects India Gate to Rashtrapati Bhawan, Currently, Pranab Mukherjee is the President of India, and stays in the official house of Rashtrapati Bhawan. The Secretariat building, which houses various ministries of the Government of India including the Prime Minister's Office, is beside the Rashtrapati Bhawan and was designed by Herbert Baker Also designed by Baker was the Parliament House, located on the Sansad Marg, running parallel with the Rajpath. Two magnificent cathedrals in the area, the Anglican Cathedral Church of the Redemption and Catholic Sacred Heart Cathedral were designed by Henry Med

18. Built

19. Mahatma

20. Universities of Delhi The University of Delhi is a public central university located in Delhi, India. It is wholly funded by the Government of India. It was established in 1922 as a unitary, teaching and residential university . DELHI UNIVERSITY

21. All India Institute of Medical Sciences The All India Institutes of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) are a group of autonomous public  medical colleges of higher education. AIIMS New Delhi, the fore-runner parent excellence institution, was established in 1956.

22. Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University  is a public professional university located in Delhi, India. Founded in 1998 it is a teaching-cu m-affiliating university which affiliates more than 120 colleges in Delhi-NCR and has 15 schools and centres. The university has been graded 'A' by NAAC. Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University has received the Platinum Technology Award for quality and excellence in the field of education, in Geneva, Switzerland, presented by Otherways Management and Consulting (OMAC), a Paris based international organization.

23. Jamia Millia Islamia Jamia Millia Islamia University in New Delhi, India Jamia Millia Islamia is a public central university located in Delhi. It was established at Aligarh in United Provinces, India during British rule in 1920. It became a Central University by an act of the Indian Parliament in 1988.

24. Agricultural Research Institute Pusa The  Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI)   Situated in Delhi, it is financed and administered by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR). The IARI was responsible in research leading to the "Green Revolution in India of the 1970s.

25. Jawaharlal Nehru University Jawaharlal Nehru University Established Type Public Chancellor K. Kasturirangan Vice-Chancellor Sudhir Kumar Sopory Academic staff 473 (on 31 January 2011) Admin. staff 1276 (on 31 March 2011) Students 7304 (on 31 March 2010) Location New Delhi, India Campus Urban 1000 acres (4 km²) Affiliations UGC ,  NAAC ,  AIU Website www.jnu.ac.in Jawaharlal Nehru University , also known as  JNU , is a public central university in New Delhi, India. In 2012, The National Assessment and Accreditation Council gave the university a grade of 3.9 out of 4, the highest grade awarded to any educational institution in the country.

26. Street food of Delhi Moreover, Delhi is also famous for its range of street foods .One who has not tasted the spicy street food has, not experienced Delhi at all .Other food places include the parantha wala gali Chandni Chowk which is the oldest place in Delhi and from where the trade business actually flourished in Delhi Here one gets a variety of stuffed roti parantha . These stuffings can be of many things starting from the range of vegetables to dry fruits.

27. Latest Cuisines and Eating Joints The modern era is witnessing the change in the choice of food also. The upcoming generation loves to have food like pizzas, burgers, rolls etc. as compared to typical Indian spicy food. This has led to the establishment of various eating joints in the citystreets of Delhi.

28. DELHI METRO Delhi Metro (Hindi  दिल्ली मेट्रो) is a metro system serving Delhi,  Gurgaon ,  Noida , and Ghaziabad in the National Capital Region of India. Delhi Metro is the world's thirteenth largest metro system in terms of length. Delhi Metro is India's second urban mass rapid transportation system, after Kolkata Metro. (120.0 mi), serving 139 stations(including the 6 Airport Express stations), of which 38 are underground, five are at-grade, and the rest are elevated. All stations have escalators, elevators, and tactile tiles to guide the visually impaired from station entrances to trains .

29. Conclusion It won’t be wrong to say that Delhi represents a mini pan India concept for its socio-cultural diversity. The flavors of whole nation are sprinkled over its vast area. The historical places and monuments in a way give us a glimpse of the history of India. In the present time, Delhi attracts a number of tourists from across the globe. The Lotus temple and the Swaminarayan Akshardham temple are places wherein one gets the message of peace and universal brotherhood. Other places like the Dilli Hut offer the visitors a blend of traditional items and cuisines. Thus Delhi offers a range of experience to anybody who wish to explore its vast domain.

30. Presented by Mannat Dudeja 8B Lakshay Gupta 8A Dhruv 8A Diya 8B