Presentation on LANCASHIRE BIOLER BY SHAKEEL AHMED.pptx

what is Lancashire boiler?
Lancashire boiler is a horizontal drum axis, natural circulation, natural draft, two-tubular, low pressure, stationary, fire tube boiler with furnace located internally. Its main purpose is to create steam and then this steam is used to drive steam turbines for power generation. It has high thermal efficiency and it is about 80 to 90 percent. It is mostly used in locomotive engines and marines etc

=> The Lancashire Boiler works on the principle of Heat Exchanger. A Heat Exchanger is a device that is used for the transfer of heat between two or more fluids.
=> At first, water is fed uniformly to the boiler shell using the feed pump.
Before entering into the boiler, the water is preheated using the economizer which gets heat from the flue gases. This economizer increases the efficiency of the boiler.
After that, solid fuel is entered from the fire door and burnt on the grate which is present at the starting if each fire tube.
As the solid fuel is burnt, flue gases start traveling in the fire tube.
There is a small brick arc which stops ashes and burnt coal to enter into the fire tube.
As the flue gases pass through the fire tubes, these fire tubes start getting heated and the heat is transferred to the water which is surrounding the fire tube
As the heat is transferred to the water, the water starts to get converting into steam and the steam generated is transferred to the required place using the stop valve.

=> Before reaching the stop valve the steam crosses the superheater which superheats the steam before delivering it to the required place.
After passing through the firetube, the flue gases go to the bottom channel which is created in the brickwork and then the flue gases pass through the side channel.
As the flue gases pass through the channels in the brickwork, these flue gases come in contact with the boiler shell and the boiler shell gets heated and this heat is transferred to the water inside the boiler shell and the efficiency of boiler is increased.
channel and transfer heat to the superheater before passing through the chimney.
The flue gases after passing through side channels transfer the heat to the superheater and then escapes to the environment through the chimney.

=>what is Damper in boiler?
A damper, which is used to control the draft inside a boiler. ... When hot air from the boiler rises up the stack, it must be replaced by cooler air surrounding the boiler. This cooler air will push the warmer air up the stack, causing flow.


//Accessories of Lancashire boiler//

=> Economizer:
An economizer is a mechanical device that is used as a heat exchanger in the steam power plant.
It is used to pre-heat the fluid or water by taking the residual heat from the combustion products( flue gases).
It is installed to increase the efficiency of the boiler.

1. Lancashire boiler Presentated by engr.. Shakeel Ahmed BS/RE-26 University of Balochistan Renewable Energy Department

2. What is Lancashire boiler Working of Lancashire Boiler: Construction Of Lancashire Boiler : Boiler mounting Manhole Fire door Ash pit Economizer Air preheater Superheater Applications of Lancashire Boiler: Advantages of Lancashire Boiler: Disadvantages of Lancashire boiler: Overveiw

3. Lancashire boiler  is a horizontal drum axis, natural circulation, natural draft, two-tubular, low pressure, stationary, fire tube boiler with furnace located internally. Its main purpose is to create steam and then this steam is used to drive steam turbines for power generation. It has high thermal efficiency and it is about 80 to 90 percent. It is mostly used in locomotive engines and marines etc What is Lancashire boiler The Lancashire Boiler works on the principle of Heat Exchanger. A Heat Exchanger is a device that is used for the transfer of heat between two or more fluids.

4. Construction Of Lancashire Boiler : Lancashire Boiler consists of a horizontal cylindrical shell filled with water. This boiler has two large fire tubes that are surrounded by water. The cylindrical shell is placed inside a brick wall creates several channels for the flow of hot flue gases. The fire tubes are slightly conical towards its rear end to increase the velocity of hot flue gases. There are dampers at the end of each side channel to regulate the airflow. The feed check valve is used to feed water uniformly to the boiler shell. An anti priming pipe separates the water from steam which is present at the top of the boiler. A manhole is provided at the top and the bottom of the shell to allow a man to enter the boiler and clean it. A blow off valve is provided to remove the mud that has settled down. It is also used to empty and clean the boiler.

5. Boiler fuel types

6. Working of Lancashire Boiler: At first, water is fed uniformly to the boiler shell using the feed pump. Before entering into the boiler, the water is preheated using the economizer which gets heat from the flue gases. This economizer increases the efficiency of the boiler. After that, solid fuel is entered from the fire door and burnt on the grate which is present at the starting if each fire tube. As the solid fuel is burnt, flue gases start traveling in the fire tube. There is a small brick arc which stops ashes and burnt coal to enter into the fire tube. As the flue gases pass through the fire tubes, these fire tubes start getting heated and the heat is transferred to the water which is surrounding the fire tube As the heat is transferred to the water, the water starts to get converting into steam and the steam generated is transferred to the required place using the stop valve.

7. Before reaching the stop valve the steam crosses the superheater which superheats the steam before delivering it to the required place. After passing through the firetube , the flue gases go to the bottom channel which is created in the brickwork and then the flue gases pass through the side channel. As the flue gases pass through the channels in the brickwork, these flue gases come in contact with the boiler shell and the boiler shell gets heated and this heat is transferred to the water inside the boiler shell and the efficiency of boiler is increased. channel and transfer heat to the superheater before passing through the chimney. The flue gases after passing through side channels transfer the heat to the superheater and then escapes to the environment through the chimney. Continue..

8. Working Principle of Lancashire Boiler: This Lancashire boiler works on the basic principle of the heat exchanger. It is basically a shell and tube type heat exchanger in which the flue gases flow through the tubes and the water flows through a shell. The heat is transfer from flue gases to the water through convection. It is a natural circulation boiler that uses the natural current to flow the water inside the boiler.

9. Safety valve Pressure Gauge Feed check valve Water Level Indicator Blow off valve Steam stop valve Manhole Fire door Fusible Plug Ash pit Damper Feed pump Boiler mounting

10. Safety valve: The safety valve is used to blow off the steam when the pressure of the steam inside the boiler exceeds the working pressure. Pressure gauge: The function of the pressure gauge is to indicate the pressure of the steam inside the boiler. Feed check valve:  It stops and allows the flow of water inside the boiler. Water level indicator: It indicates the level of water in the boiler. It is placed in front of the boiler. Two water level indicators are used in the boiler.

11. Blow off Valve:  Its function is to remove the sediments or mud periodically that is collected at the bottom of the boiler. Manhole: The hole is provided on the boiler so that a man can easily enter inside the boiler for the cleaning and repairing purpose. Ash pit: The Ash-pit used to collect the ash of the burnt fuel . Feed pump : It is used to pump the water from storage to the boiler during the boiler operation.

12. Steam stop valve:  The function of a steam stop valve is to stop and allows the flow of steam from the boiler to the steam pipe. Fire door: This is used to ignite the present fuel inside or outside the boiler. Fusible plug: It is used to extinguish the fire inside the boiler when the water level inside the boiler falls to an unsafe level and prevent an explosion. It also prevents the damage that may happen due to the explosion. echanical device that abstracts the heat from the flue gases and transfers it to the air(atmosphere).  

13. A damper, which is used to control the draft inside a boiler. ... When hot air from the boiler rises up the stack, it must be replaced by cooler air surrounding the boiler. This cooler air will push the warmer air up the stack, causing flow . What is damper

14. Economizer: An economizer is a mechanical device that is used as a heat exchanger in the steam power plant. It is used to pre-heat the fluid or water by taking the residual heat from the combustion products( flue gases). It is installed to increase the efficiency of the boiler.  Accessories of Lancashire boiler

15. Air pre-heater: It is a mechanical device which abstracts the heat from the flue gases and transfers it to the air. In boilers the pre-heaters are installed in between the economizer and the chimney. Super heater : The main purpose of the super heater is to increase the temperature of the saturated steam without any change in the pressure.  

16. Applications of Lancashire Boiler : Lancashire Boiler can be used in several filed like: The Lancashire boiler is used to drive steam turbines, locomotives, marines, etc. It is used in industries like paper industries, textile industries, sugar industries, tire industries, etc. Advantages of Lancashire Boiler: These are some advantages of Lancashire boiler: This has high thermal efficiency. Thermal efficiency is about 80 to 90%. This is easy to operate. It can easily meet the load requirement. Easy to maintain. Low consumption of electricity due to natural circulation.

17. Although a Lancashire boiler has some disadvantages and those are: This is a low-pressure type boiler, so high-pressure steam is not produced. It has a limited grate area due to the small diameter of the flue tubes. The steam production rate is low. It is about 9000 kg/hr. Corrosion occurs in the water legs. This boiler requires more floor space. Disadvantages of Lancashire boiler:

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