Presentation on Nano particles and it's application.pptx

In this presentation we try to explain about the nanoparticles and it's applications. We include various synthasis method and various application of nanoparticles. Finally we explain the benefit and some drawbacks of nanoparticles. Additionally we try to include some example of nanoparticles.

1. Welcome to our Presentation Nanoparticles and its application

2. Presented By 1. Antu Kumar Saha - 2023031516 2. Asifuzzaman - 2023011302 3. Rahatil Bin Mostafiz - 2023031503 4. Md. Abubakar Siddique - 2023011329 5. Rakibul Bashar - 2023031515

3. Content Introduction Applications Methodology Advantages Disadvantages Conclusion

4. Introduction History The first observations and size measurements of nanoparticles had been made during the first decade of the 20th century by  Richard Adolf Zsigmondy , winner of the 1925  Nobel Prize in Chemistry , who made a detailed study of gold sols and other  nanomaterials  with sizes down to 10 nm using an  ultramicroscope  which was capable of visualizing particles much smaller than the  light   wavelength .

5. Introduction What is Nanoparticles? Nanoparticles is derived from the greek word nano . - Nano means extremely small. A nano -scale particle is a particle of a substance that is  1 – 100 nm  in diameter (1 nm = 1 nanometre = 1 × 10 –9  m, which is one billionth of a metre ). Nano-scale particles have very different properties from the ‘normal’ form of the substances. Nanoparticles can contribute to stronger, faster, lighter, cleaner and “smarter” surfaces and systems. 

6. Introduction A Nanoparticles have high surface to volume ration. For example, nano -scale particles of silver are very good at killing bacteria and viruses. Nano-silver is used: in wound dressings to prevent infection to coat the inside of socks and the inside of fridges to kill the bacteria that cause bad smells in deodorants to kill bacteria that cause bad smells The drug is dissolved, entrapped, encapsulated or attached to a nanoparticle matrix.

7. Applications in Medicine Drug delivery: Nanoparticles enable targeted delivery, improving drug efficacy and reducing side effects. Imaging: Contrast agents such as iron oxide nanoparticles enhance MRI and fluorescent nanoparticles aid in optical imaging. Therapeutics: Nano medicines for cancer therapy, gene delivery, and regenerative medicine. Medicine Applications

8. Environmental Applications Water purification: Nanoparticles like titanium dioxide and carbon nanotubes remove pollutants through adsorption and catalysis. Environmental sensing: Nanoparticles-based sensors detect pollutants, pathogens, and toxins with high sensitivity and selectivity. Environmental Applications

9. Nanoparticles in Electronics Conductive nanoparticles: Silver and copper nanoparticles are used in printed electronics and flexible circuits. Quantum dots: Employed in displays, solar cells, and light-emitting diodes (LEDs) for their vibrant colors and efficient emission. Flexible circuit board

10. Energy Applications Photovoltaics: Nanoparticles enhance light absorption and charge transport in solar cells, improving efficiency. Energy storage: Nanomaterials like graphene and carbon nanotubes enable high-capacity batteries and super capacitors. Super Capacitor

11. Flow-Chart

12. Top down/physical approach Bulk materials are fragmented in top-down methods to create nano-structured materials Mechanical milling: The mechanical milling process uses balls inside containers which is an impact process with high energy Electrospinning: A technique for creating fibers by drawing charged threads from polymer melts or solutions up to fiber sizes of a few hundred nanometers Laser ablation: Laser ablation synthesis produces nanoparticles by striking the target material with an intense laser beam Sputtering: Microparticles of a solid material are expelled off its surface when the solid substance is assaulted by intense plasma or gas particles Electron explosion: Thin metal wire is subjected to a high current pulse that causes ionization. The metal reacts with the nearby gas or liquid medium. The condensed vapor finally forms the nanoparticles Sonication: Mixture for creating nanofluids is magnetically stirred in a magnetic stirrer, sonication is performed in an ultrasonic vibrator, and mechanical homogenizer Pulsed wire discharge method: A pulsating current causes a metal wire to evaporate, producing a vapor that is subsequently cooled by an ambient gas to form nanoparticles Arc discharge method: Two graphite rods are adjusted in a chamber with a constant helium pressure during the Arc Discharge procedure. Arc discharge between the ends of the graphite rods drives the vaporization of carbon rods creating nano particles Lithography: Lithography typically uses a concentrated beam of light or electrons to create nanoparticles Methodology

13. Bottom-up approach Tiny atoms and molecules are combined in bottom-up methods to create nano-structured particles Chemical vapor deposition (CVD): Through a chemical process involving vapor-phase precursors, a thin coating is created on the substrate surface during CVD Sol-gel process: A wet-chemical approach, called the sol-gel method, is widely utilized to create nanomaterials Co-precipitation: It is a solvent displacement technique and is a wet chemical procedure. By mixing the polymer solution, fast diffusion of the polymer-solvent into the non-solvent phase of the polymer results. Interfacial stress at two phases results in the formation of nanoparticles Inert gas condensation/ molecular condensation : Making fine NPs using the inactive gas compression approach has been widespread, which creates NPs by causing a metallic source to disappear in an inert gas. Hydrothermal: In this method, for the production of nanoparticles, hydrothermal synthesis uses a wide temperature range from ambient temperature to extremely high temperatures Green/biological synthesis: The synthesis of diverse metal nanoparticles utilizing bioactive agents, is known as “green” or “biological” nanoparticle synthesis Biological synthesis using microorganisms: Microbes use metal capture, enzymatic reduction, and capping to create nanoparticles Biological synthesis using plant extracts: Plant extracts are combined with a metal salt solution at room temperature to create nanoparticles Biological synthesis using biomimetic: In the biomimetic approach, proteins, enzymes, cells, viruses, pollen, and waste biomass are used to synthesize NPs Methodology

14. Advantages of Nanoparticle

15. Advantages The extremely small size of nanomaterials offer various different advantages compared to their bulk counterparts. You can tailor these nanomaterials according to your desire requirements for specific application. Nanomaterials have high porosity, which makes them useful for various industrial purpose. Nanomaterials helps in energy generation you make the solar panels more efficient and cost effective.

16. advantages Nanomaterials offer advantages in electronics by increasing the accuracy of the construction of electronic circuit at an atomic level, leading to the development of numerous electronic products. Also their large surface to volume ratio make them for various purposes.

17. Disadvantage of Nanoparticle

18. Disadvantage Limited drug loading Small size and large surface area can be lead to particle aggregation Nano pollution is created by toxic waste Handling of nanoparticles is difficult in liquid and dry forms.

19. Conclusion Recap the importance of nanoparticles in modern science and technology. Highlight ongoing research efforts to address challenges and further explore the potential applications of nanoparticles. Emphasize the need for responsible use and regulation to ensure the safe and sustainable integration of nanoparticles into various sectors.