PRESENTATION ON PUBLIC TOILETS by architecture 1 st sem students.pptx

public toilet presentation

1. Presented by: AMULYA ADHIKARI (CHI080BAR003) BISHNU BHATTRAI (CHI080BAR007) Jaya Pathak(CHI080BAR003) KRITAN Khanal (CHI080BAR009) Sadikshya Shrestha (CHI080BAR0015) Samjhana Chaudhary (CHI080BAR0017) A PRESENTATION ON LITERATURE REWIEW AND CASE STUDY OF PUBLIC TOILETS 2081-08-27

2. LITERATURE REVIEW -Public Toilet index Design Guidelines SYstems LITERATURE REVIEW 2 - Defination -History -Types DESIGN GUIDELINES SYSTEMS INTRODUCTION - Anthropometry -Utilities -Material -Technology -Ventilation system -Waste Management System -Water conservation System

3. PUBLIC TOILETS: DEFINATION Definations 3 -a room or small building with toilets (or urinals) and sinks for use by the general public . - Their availability contributes to environmental cleanliness and helps meet global goals for improved sanitation.

4. HIStORY : 1 In ancient times, public toilets were primarily constructed in densely populated urban centers to address sanitation needs. 3 the Indus Valley Civilization (c. 2500 BCE) had advanced sanitation systems with toilets connected to covered drains. 2 4 Public toilets are crucial infrastructure for urban health and dignity, reflecting cultural, technological, and social priorities throughout history. History of public toilets 4 In regions like South Asia and the Islamic world, toilets have continued to evolve in line with cultural and religious practices emphasizing cleanliness.

5. Road Side Public Toilet Road side public toilet Roadside public toilets are essential for travelers needing breaks. -They serve local communities by offering clean and safe restrooms away from home. Commonly found in busy areas such as city streets and highways. Typically consist of multiple individual stalls or cubicles. TYPES OF PUBLIC TOILETS 5

6. Park Public Toilets Park public toilets clean and well-maintained, offering a comfortable experience. spacious and well-lit, featuring paper towel dispensers, hand dryers, soap dispensers, and a baby changing station standalone buildings or part of larger facilities like visitor centers. TYPES OF PUBLIC TOILETS 6

7. Shopping Centre Public Toilet Shopping Centre Public toilet Public toilets are crucial in shopping centers for clean and safe facilities. Usually near the food court or entrance, they cater to families and disabled individuals. These restrooms are well-lit, clearly marked, and regularly cleaned. Available in large malls and retail complexes . TYPES OF PUBLIC TOILETS 7

8. Transport Hub Public Toilet TYPES OF PUBLIC TOILETS Transport hub public toilets Public toilets at transportation hubs (airports, train stations) are essential but often neglected. - Individual stalls can be challenging to access for people with medical conditions, parents with young children, and individuals with disabilities. - Limited space and a focus on shops and restaurants lead to insufficient toilet facilities. - Many travelers lack essential access to proper toilets. 8 - Public toilets at transport hubs (airports, train stations) are vital but often neglected. - Individual stalls can be difficult to access for those with medical conditions, parents with young children, and individuals with disabilities. - Limited space and a focus on shops and restaurants lead to insufficient toilet facilities. - Many travelers are left without essential access.

9. Zoning in public toilets 1 . Entrance Door Dimensions: A - **Door Width:** 900 mm - **Door Height:** 2000-2100 mm - **Clear Opening:** 850 mm - **Threshold Height:** 13 mm - **Turning Space:** 1500 mm 2. RECEPTION/PANTRY **Reception Desk Height**: - 1050 mm standing desks - 750-850 mm Pantry Counters: - Height: 850-900 mm - Cabinets accessible within 400-1200 mm - **Circulation Space**: - Minimum of 1200 mm for movement and wheelchair access 3. Stall W/C - Standard stalls: 35 to 37 inches wide and 58 to 60 inches deep. - ADA-compliant stalls: Minimum of 60 inches deep and 59 inches wide for wheelchair access. - High-traffic areas: - Standard stalls: 37 inches wide and 60 inches deep. - ADA stalls: 60 inches wide and 66 inches deep. 4. BREASTFEEDING ZONE - Lactation rooms, distinct from restrooms, allow mothers to breastfeed or express milk in a sanitary and secure environment. - These spaces promote the well-being of mothers and encourage public breastfeeding.

10. ANTHROPOMETRY - Designing based on human proportions. Urinal Wash basin Water closets Mirror Wheel chair Reqn :

11. Utilities -ensure accessibility, hygiene, and user comfort . Litter bins Mirrors and Accessibility Soap Dispensers and Hand Drying: Toilet Paper Lockers and Personal Storage Sanitizer s

12. Wall, Floor, and Ceiling Materials -Walls: Ceramic, stone, phenolic, stainless steel preferred . Large tiles minimize grout lines and improve maintenance efficiency. -Floors: Waterproof and non-slip material homogeneous tiles, terrazzo, and treated concrete -Ceilings: mineral fiber boards, fibrous plasterboards, and suspended aluminum panels, allow access to plumbing and electrical systems while being cost-effective to maintain. .

13. Construction Technologies

14. VENTILATIONS - Proper ventilation prevents mold and keeps spaces comfortable. -Ventilation systems in public toilets play a crucial role in creating a fresh and inviting atmosphere. They ensure smooth airflow and bright, natural lighting, transforming the experience from merely functional to surprisingly pleasant.

15. Water conservation system Rainwater harvesting systems can be used in public toilets to reduce water usage and teach the public about water-saving strategies.

16. Water and Waste Management System Septic tank Toilets and ducts Soak Pit A septic tank in a public toilet is a type of on-site sewage treatment system that is used to treat and discharge wastewater from the toilets A soak pit in a public toilet is a type of on-site sewage treatment system that is used to treat and discharge wastewater from the toilets.

17. Case studies CASE STUDY I ,Switzerland CASE STUDY II CHINA CASE STUDY III CASE STUDY IV India Nepal

18. CASE STUDY I The Merya Conversion Sanitary Building project by BARAKI Architecture and Engineering updates the public restrooms at the Gruyère rest area in Fribourg, Switzerland. Originally built in the late 1980s, the facility has been enhanced for better functionality and now blends seamlessly with its picturesque surroundings .. The Merya Conversion Sanitary Building 18

19. The Merya Conversion Sanitary Building MERYA CONVERSION SANITARY BUILDING 19 Architect: Baraki Location: FRIBOURG, SWITZERLAND Area: 240m 2 Year: 2021 Manufactures: Fierz THE Merya Conversion Sanitary Building FRIBOURG, SWITZERLAND

20. Loaded Vehicles Site location Public Park Car park Highway

21. CONCEPTUAL PLAN blend harmoniously with its natural environment User-Centric Design use of vernacular materials and complex forms.

22. PLAN FEATURES Covered Entrance Square User-Centric Design Mirrored Stainless Steel: Mordern elemnets Oblique Beams

23. CASE STUDY Ii The Public Toilet in Shenzhen Bay Haifeng Sports Square, designed by CCDI Group 21 Design Studio, is a modern facility that enhances the public amenities in this popular coastal area. Officially opened on May 1, 2023, the project aims to improve user experience while seamlessly integrating with the surrounding landscape. The Public Toilet in Shenzhen Bay Haifeng Sports Square 24

24. The Public Toilet in Shenzhen Bay Haifeng Sports Square WONDERS OF THE WORLD 25 Architects: CCDI GROUP 21 Design Studio Location: China Area: 167m 2 Year: 2023 Lead Architect: Lang Wang, Yuming Li, Hao Wu THE Merya Conversion Sanitary Building FRIBOURG, SWITZERLAND

25. SITE LOCATION ZHUJIANG RIVER ESTUARY Shenzhen Bay Haifeng Sports Square

26. Conceptual Planning

27. Plan features

28. CASE STUDY IiI At Agasti , a social enterprise in Mumbai focused on urban sanitation, a "restroom" goes beyond just being a toilet. It offers women an exclusive social space, addressing a gap in India's urban landscape. Agasti , a social enterprise in Mumbai 30

29. Agasti WONDERS OF THE WORLD 31 Architect: Rohan Chavan Location: India Area: 30m 2 Year: 2016 THE Merya Conversion Sanitary Building FRIBOURG, SWITZERLAND

30. Conceptual Design Social Interaction Integration with Nature Transparent Roof Anthropometric concept for the measure of proportions

31. PLAN FEATURES Section Integration with Nature P erforated steel outer walls

32. CASE STUDY IV The Public Toilet in Shenzhen Bay Haifeng Sports Square 35 AEROSAN has designed a public toilet that prioritizes sustainability through innovative technologies and practices. This initiative collaborates with local municipalities to enhance sanitation services and improve public toilet facilities using modern and environmentally friendly practices.

33. TOILET IN PAROPAKAR-20 WONDERS OF THE WORLD 36 Architect: Prakash Amatya Location: ward no 20-paropakar, Kathmandu Area: 60m 2 Year: 2079 Manufacturers: AEROSAN TOILET IN PAROPAKAR-20 20-paropakar, Kathmandu

34. PLAN FEATURES Hygienic Fixtures Aesthetic Appeal

35. Aspect Case Study I (Switzerland) Case Study II (China) Case Study III (India) Case Study IV (Nepal) Design Concept Contextual integration with natural aesthetics. Circular layout with community spaces. Social space for women with central courtyard and natural elements. Sustainable design focused on converting waste into biogas. Key Features Mirrored stainless steel, post-modern style. Plain concrete facade, green roofs, and spacious waiting areas. Open stalls, pink polyurethane floor, biodigester tanks. Touchless fixtures, anaerobic digesters, and rainwater harvesting. User Focus Direct access to cubicles, improved safety. Separate entries, family spaces, and social interaction. Exclusively for women with amenities like nursing rooms and vending. Menstrual hygiene management, babychanging stations, and disabled access. Sustainability Features Locally sourced materials, durable construction. Biodiversity via green roofs, natural ventilation. Energy-efficient biodigester tanks and reduced water reliance. Waste-to-energy and eco-friendly water recycling systems. Integration with Nature Scenic views, landscaping, and reflective materials. Green lawn and use of wooden elements for natural appeal. Central tree integrated into the design, promoting greenery and comfort. Landscaping with native plants and complementary urban architecture. Comparing Individual Case Studies

36. Aspect Findings/Conclusions Gaps/Missing Elements Design Philosophy Inclusivity, hygiene, sustainability emphasized. User-centric, community-focused designs. Inclusivity gaps for non-binary. Cultural sensitivities overlooked. Technological Innovations Sensor fixtures, water-saving systems. Antimicrobial materials enhance hygiene. IoT maintenance systems missed. Long-term upkeep impacted. Aesthetic Integration Toilets blend with surroundings. Landscaping, mirrors, green roofs. Over-reliance on minimalistic materials. Maintenance and vandalism challenges. Sustainability Eco-friendly systems promoted. Waste-to-energy, biodigesters used. Rainwater harvesting not fully integrated. Solar energy exploration lacking. . Social and Cultural Role Stigmas addressed in design. Inclusive, gender-sensitive spaces. . Lack of non-gendered spaces. Privacy and security issues. Table Comparing Findings of case study with literature