Presentation on Slab, Beam, Column, and Foundation/Footing

Details about the tie, stirrup, anchor, hook, lap length, corner reinforcement
Based on the ACI Design Code
By Er. Suman Jyoti.

1. PRESENTATION ON COLUMN CE-4104 Building Design Sessional| 2024 Suman Jyoti - 191125 Department of Civil Engineering Dhaka University of Engineering & Technology, Gazipur Prepared by:

2. Prof.Dr Mozammel Haque Professor Mr. Kazi Abu Manjur Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Dhaka University of Engineering & Technology, Gazipur

3. Definition of column Size of the column Types of column Types of the reinforcement in column Minimum longitudinal bars of column Reinforcement in column Failure modes of column Column splices Contents

4. A column is a structural element that transmits, through  compression, the weight of the structure above to other structural elements below. In other words, a column is a  compression member. The governing forces in column is axial force but shear force and bending moment may exist. Definition of Column Column

5. Minimum width of the column should not be less than 12 inch. h/b ratio should not be greater than 2.5 Minimum dimension will be 20 times the main bar dia in beam. Size of the Column

6. 1. According to the dimension ratio: Long column ( L/b > 10 ) Short column ( L/b ≤ 10 ) 2. According to the shape: Square column Rectangular column Circular column T- shape column L- shape column X- shape column Types of Column

7. 3. According to the reinforcement in column: Tied column Spiral column Composite column Types of Column

8. Types of the Reinforcement in Columns Longitudinal Reinforcement Transverse Reinforcement Lateral Ties (For Tied Column) Spirals (For Spiral Column)

9. Minimum longitudinal Bars of Columns A c cord i ng to BNBC (6.3.6.3) ACI Code 10.9.2 Min. of 6 bars in circular arrangement enclosed by spiral reinforcement. Mi n . o f 4 bars in rec t ang u lar o r circular arrangement enclosed by ties reinforcement. Min. of 3 bars in triangular arrangement of ties.

10. Reinforcement in Column Code specifications for longitudinal bars : The reinforcement ratio ( ρ g ) shall be in between 0.01- 0.06 (BNBC- 8.3.5.3) For tied column, minimum 4 - 16 mm bar should be used For spiral column, minimum 6 - 16mm bar should be used Yield strength should not be greater than 60 ksi . (ACI code- 10.9.2) Code specifications for spirals : Minimum dia of spirals should not be less than 10 mm. Spacing = Spacing should be in between 1-3 inch. (ACI code- 7.10.4)  

11. Reinforcement in Column Code specifications for lateral ties: 10mm dia bar for main bar ≤ 32 mm dia bar 12 mm dia bar for main bar ≥ 36mm dia bar and bundle bars Spacing requirements: Minimum of; 16 times of main bar dia. 48 times of tie bar dia. Least dimension of column. (ACI code- 7.10.5)

12. Reinforcement in Column

13. Minimum Covering for Reinforcement

14. There are three types of failure modes of column: Buckling failure Compression failure Shear failure Failure modes of Column

15. Column Splices

16. PRESENTATION ON BEAM CE-4104 Building Design Sessional| 2024 Suman Jyoti - 191125 Department of Civil Engineering Dhaka University of Engineering & Technology, Gazipur Prepared by:

17. Definition of beam Types of beam Depth of beam for serviceability condition Types of the reinforcement in beam Cracking system of the beam Hook length Lapping Cross section of beam Cantilever Beam Detailing Contents

18. Beam : Beam is a structural member which supports transverse load by resisting against bending or flexure. Support moment is zero Solving by equilibrium law Types of Beams:

19. Fixed beam have Support moment There are 6 support reactions Cantilever Beam Maximum shear and maximum moment at beam support Zero moment at free end

20. Support Condition Simply Support One end Continuous Both ends Continuous Cantilever Depth L/16 L/18.5 L/21 L/8 Depth of Beam for serviceability Condition L= Clear Span of beam

21. Types of the Reinforcement in Beam Hanger/Main bar Torsional/Face bar Stirrups/Shear bar/web bar/Transvers bar/Confinement bar

22. Main bar Extra Top Hook

23. Cracking System of a Beam

24. Hooks Length

25. Lapping

26. Cross Section of Beam Clear Cover 1 & 4 Main bar 135 Hook Stirrup 2, 3, 5 & 6 Extra bar

27. Cantilever Beam Detailing

28. PRESENTATION ON SLAB CE-4104 Building Design Sessional| 2024 Suman Jyoti - 191125 Department of Civil Engineering Dhaka University of Engineering & Technology, Gazipur Prepared by:

29. Definition of slab Types of slab Thickness of slab Reinforcement of slab Deflection of slab Corner reinforcement Contents

30. Definition of Slab S lab is an important structural element which is constructed to create flat and useful surfaces such as floors, roofs, and ceilings. It is a horizontal structural component, with top and bottom surfaces parallel or near so . Commonly, slabs are supported by beams, columns (concrete or steel), walls, or the ground. Slab

31. Types of Slab One way slab Two-way slab Joist slab Flat plate Flat slab Waffle slab Hardy slab Composite slab Pre-cast slab Hollow core slab Bubble Deck Slab

32. Thickness of Slabs Depth of the one - way Slab considering serviceability (Deflection) condition: (BNBC:6.2.10) Sup p orting Condition Simply Both Ends Co n t i n u ous One End co n t i n u ous Cantilever Depth l/20 l/28 l/24 l/10 Bottom covering Covering of Slabs Slab Walls: Minimum Cover, mm 45 mm φ & 55 mm φ 30 35 mm φ bar and smaller 20

33. Reinforcement in slab

34. Deflection of Slab

35. Corner reinforcement

36. PRESENTATION ON FOUNDATION CE-4104 Building Design Sessional| 2024 Suman Jyoti - 191125 Department of Civil Engineering Dhaka University of Engineering & Technology, Gazipur Prepared by:

37. Definition of foundation Types of foundation/footing Tolerable settlement, tilt and rotation Area of foundation Design of shallow foundation Reinforcement in shallow foundation Design of pile foundation Contents

38. Foundation is the part of a structure that is usually placed below the surface of the ground and that transmits the load on the underlying soil or rock. Definition of Foundation Foundation

39. 1. According to the width to depth ratio: Shallow foundation ( b/d < 2 ) Deep foundation ( b/d > 5 ) Shallow foundations are classified into; Strip footing Spread or isolated or pad footing Combined footing Strap or cantilever footing Mat or raft foundation Types of Foundation

40. Types of Foundation/Footing

41. Deep foundations are classified into; Pile foundation Caissons or well Cofferdams Types of Foundation/Footing

42. For isolated pad footing on sand, Total settlement ≤ 25 mm Differential settlement ≤ 20mm For isolated pad footing on clay, Total settlement ≤ 40 mm Differential settlement ≤ 20 mm For mat or raft foundation, Total settlement ≤ 50 mm Differential settlement ≤ 19 mm Tolerable Settlement, Tilt and Rotation

43. Area of footing will be the maximum of the following: i . A = Here, = 1.33 q a q a = bearing capacity of soil A = Note: Self weight should be taken as 6-8 % and the loads are unfactored in case of area calculation and factored load for strength design of reinforcement.   Area of Footing

44. DESIGN OF SHALLOW FOUNDATION Foundation Design consideration : Bearing capacity of soil Settlement of soil Factor of safety should not be in between 2.5-3.5 Punching shear should be checked at d/2 distance from the face of column Beam shear should be checked at d distance from the face of the column Moment should be taken at the face of the column Minimum effective thickness will be 6 inch

45. DESIGN OF SHALLOW FOUNDATION Punching shear strength is = 4 √ f’c ( for square footing). It depend on d/b ratio. Beam or one way shear strength is = 2 √ f’c  

46. Minimum reinforcement as is as beam = ρ min = ≥ (psi) Minimum shrinkage and temperature reinforcement, A st = 0.0018bh   Reinforcement in Shallow Foundation

47. Pile foundation classifications: Types of Pile Foundation

48. Design of Pile Foundation Assumptions: Each pile in a group carries equal load The pile cap is in contact with the ground The piles are all vertical Load is applied at the center of the pile group The pile group is symmetric, and the cap is very thick Design consideration: The length to diameter ration should not be more than 50 for single pile Ultimate capacity of driven pile = Q s + Q b –W Minimum cylindrical strength of concrete for 28 days is 21 Mpa The minimum area at the butt of pile is 650 cm 2 and minimum diameter at the tip is 200mm.

49. Reinforcement in Pile Foundation Pile length < 30 times the least width: 1 % Pile length in between 30-40 times of least width: 1.5% Pile length >40 times the least width: 2 %

50. for Your Attention! Any Questions..?