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1. Electrical Distribution Services For Smart City Supervision : DR. Mohamed Ahmed Ebrahim

2. Welcome to our smart city Why Smart city..? Dr. Mohamed Ebrahim

3. Why Smart city..?

4. Why Smart city..? More comfort Safety & Security Energy manage

5. `` Why Smart city..? Energy efficieny Energy Conservation

6. `` Why Smart city..? Our city… KNX PV

7. Smart Infrastructure

8. Layout SLIDE 8 1) Hospital 2) Mosque 3) Admin building 4) Villas

9. load estimation: SLIDE 9 Project Details : Project Name Graduation Project Project No. 1 Building No. 1 Site Location   Sheet Type Result of Electrical Calculations Revision No. Details Villas Mosque Administration Building Hospital Street Lighting Total ( MVA) Area of Land ( m2 ) 309.4 1000 2894 5415.6 207.9 10.77 NO of Floors 3 1 2 10 Construction Percentage (%) 0.5 0.75 0.75 0.7082 Load Density ( VA/ m 2 ) 100 60 120 250 Construction Load ( k VA ) 46.41 45 520.92 9588.3198 No of Buildings 64 1 1 1 Total Load 2970.24 45 520.92 9588.3198 Diversity Factor 0.8 Total Diversified Load ( MVA ) 2.376192 0.036 0.52092 7.67065584 0.16632 Note According to Electrical Company if Estimated Load or Actual Load from 8 to 30 MVA Feeding will be through Customer MV Switchgear

10. Feeding from utility company SLIDE 10 Estimated load is 10.77MVA According to electricity company our city will be supplied on Medium voltage 22kV

11. SLIDE 11 Selection of bulk equipment Distributor

12. Meduim Voltage Bulk Equipment SLIDE 12

13. Meduim Voltage Bulk Equipment SLIDE 13 Smart Distributer: Monitor Control But How? RTU

14. Meduim Voltage Bulk Equipment SLIDE 14 2. Ring Main Unit ITS TYEPS

15. Meduim Voltage Bulk Equipment SLIDE 15 Smart RMU Fault passive indicator Voltage presence indication Digital Protective Relay

16. Meduim Voltage Bulk Equipment SLIDE 16 3. Transformer

17. Low Voltage Bulk Equipment SLIDE 17 Distribute pillars to feed cofrees Pillar rating is 200 kVA so each pillar will be Loaded for four villas 4. pillar

18. Low Voltage Bulk Equipment SLIDE 18 Distribute coffree for each villa which load is 45 kVA and current rating 100A 5. Coffree

19. Customer classification SLIDE 19 Customer Loads LOAD < 200 kVA 200 kVA <LOAD < 400 kVA LOAD > 400 kVA Fed from low voltage cable or from the piller Fed from 2 piller back to back or directly from Transformer Fed directly from MV Cable

20. Routing SLIDE 20 F rom transformer to pillar 3x240 mm^2 (Al/XLPE/STA/PVC) From Pillar to Cofree 3x185 mm^2 ( Al/XLPE/STA/PVC)

21. Medium voltage infrastructure SLIDE 21 Routing From Egyptian Code :

22. Medium voltage infrastructure SLIDE 22 Routing

23. Medium voltage infrastructure SLIDE 23 Routing

24. Routing SLIDE 24 Routing of medium voltage 2. Connection between pillars and transformer

25. Routing SLIDE 25 Routing of low voltage 3. Connection between transformer and MDB of Administration building

26. Routing SLIDE 26 Routing of low voltage 4. Connection between transformer and street lighting panel

27. Voltage drop SLIDE 27

28. Single Line Diagram SLIDE 28

29. Street Lighting

30.   Street Lighting SLIDE 30 Street lighting provides a number of important benefits: 1) It can be used to promote security in urban areas and to increase the quality of life by artificially extending the hours in which it is light so that activity can take place. 2) Street lighting also improves safety for drivers, riders, and pedestrians. 3) A reduction in crime resulting from darkness in streets.

31. Street Lighting Arrangements SLIDE 31 When the width (W) of the road is nearly equal to the pole height (H), i.e. W = H then the poles are arranged in one side only. 1) Single sided (One Side only):

32. SLIDE 32 Street Lighting 2) Double Sided: When the width (W) of the road is nearly double the pole height (H), i.e. W = 2H then the poles are arranged along both sides in opposite to each other manner.

33. SLIDE 33 Street Lighting 3) Staggered Sided or Zigzag Pattern : When the width (W) of the road is nearly 1.5 times of the pole height (H), i.e. W = 1.5 H then the poles are arranged in both sides in zigzag manner.

34. Street Lighting SLIDE 34 4) Twin-central Pole Layout: In Twin central arrangement, the luminaries are mounted on a T-shaped in the middle of the center island of the road. 

35. Street Lighting SLIDE 35 Design on Dialux

36. Street Lighting SLIDE 36 Design on DIALux :

37. SLIDE 37 Street Lighting Design on AutoCAD:

38. Street Lighting SLIDE 38

39. Smart Street Lighting: SLIDE 39

40. Landscape

41.   Landscape Lighting SLIDE 42 Landscape lighting or garden lighting :   Refers to the use of outdoor illumination of private gardens and public landscapes for : The enhancement of safety Security Beauty & Decoration

42. Landscape Lighting SLIDE 43 Floodlights: Light fixtures : Step lights:

43. Landscape Lighting SLIDE 44 Deck lights: Strip lights:

44. SLIDE 45 Landscape Lighting Design on Dialux evo :

45. Landscape Lighting SLIDE 46 Design on Dialux evo :

46. SLIDE 47 Landscape Lighting Design on Dialux evo

47. Landscape video:

48. Hospital

49. Hospital Description SLIDE 50 Built-up area : 60,000 m 2 Number of Beds : 580 single bed Floors Description : Basement floor underground Ground Floor 7 floors roof Service Area: Restaurant Café 12 Outpatient Clinic. 10 Operation Rooms

50. 1-Load Estimation: SLIDE 51 Why Load estimation is essential: Determine the rating of required bulk equipment. providing the assigned electricity company with total project load. Determine the primary electrical works cost. Load Estimation methods: Over-all method. Break-down method. Exact method.

51. 1- Overall method SLIDE 52 According to Egyptian code. Demand Load (kVA) = power density (kVA/ ) x Built up Area ( )  

52. Load Estimation according to the Egyptian Code FLOOR AREA ( ) Demand Load (VA) Demand Load (kVA) BASEMENT 7519 40 300.76 GROUND 7519 120 902.28 First floor 7062.5 120 847.5 Second floor 7062.5 120 847.5 Third floor 7062.5 120 847.5 Fourth floor 3151.02 120 378.1224 Fifth floor 3151.02 120 378.1224 Sixth floor 3151.02 120 378.1224 Seventh floor 3151.02 120 378.1224 ROOF 7069.826 40 141.39652 TOTAL Area 55899.406 Total Load (MVA) 5.399 Total Mechanical Loads (MVA) 2.478 Total Elevator Loads (MVA) 0.15 Total Load (MVA) 8.027 Load Estimation according to the Egyptian Code FLOOR Demand Load (VA) Demand Load (kVA) BASEMENT 7519 40 300.76 GROUND 7519 120 902.28 First floor 7062.5 120 847.5 Second floor 7062.5 120 847.5 Third floor 7062.5 120 847.5 Fourth floor 3151.02 120 378.1224 Fifth floor 3151.02 120 378.1224 Sixth floor 3151.02 120 378.1224 Seventh floor 3151.02 120 378.1224 ROOF 7069.826 40 141.39652 TOTAL Area 55899.406 Total Load (MVA) 5.399 Total Mechanical Loads (MVA) 2.478 Total Elevator Loads (MVA) 0.15 Total Load (MVA) 8.027 The estimated load is very large, So we use break down method

53. 2- Break-Down method SLIDE 54 We used Breakdown method to estimate the demand load of this tower by using NEC and IEEE 241-1990 “Gray Code” code.

54. SLIDE 58 Load Estimation according to the IEEE Code and Estimated Loads FLOOR AREA ( ) Demand Load (VA) Demand Load (kVA) BASEMENT 7498.062 33 247.436046 GROUND 7498.062 99 742.308138 First floor 7051.116 99 698.060484 Second floor 7051.116 99 698.060484 Third floor 7051.116 99 698.060484 Fourth floor 5201.322 99 514.930878 Fifth floor 3201.226 99 316.921374 Sixth floor 3201.226 99 316.921374 Seventh floor 3201.226 99 316.921374 ROOF 3201.226 33 105.640458 TOTAL Area 54155.698 Total Load (MVA) 4.655 Kitchen Loads 187.5 Total Mechanical Loads 502 Total Medical Loads Total Medical Loads 956 Total Elevator Loads 150 Total Load (MVA) 6.45 Type Load (VA/ ) Lighting Load According to NEC Table 122.12 22 General Purpose Load According to IEEE grey book Std - 241-1990 -section 2.2.2 - Table 5 11 HVAC Load According to IEEE grey Book Std-241- 1990-section 2.2.2 -Table 5 66 Total 99 Load Estimation according to the IEEE Code and Estimated Loads FLOOR Demand Load (VA) Demand Load (kVA) BASEMENT 7498.062 33 247.436046 GROUND 7498.062 99 742.308138 First floor 7051.116 99 698.060484 Second floor 7051.116 99 698.060484 Third floor 7051.116 99 698.060484 Fourth floor 5201.322 99 514.930878 Fifth floor 3201.226 99 316.921374 Sixth floor 3201.226 99 316.921374 Seventh floor 3201.226 99 316.921374 ROOF 3201.226 33 105.640458 TOTAL Area 54155.698 Total Load (MVA) 4.655 Kitchen Loads 187.5 Total Mechanical Loads 502 Total Medical Loads Total Medical Loads 956 Total Elevator Loads 150 Total Load (MVA) 6.45 Type Lighting Load According to NEC Table 122.12 22 General Purpose Load According to IEEE grey book Std - 241-1990 -section 2.2.2 - Table 5 11 HVAC Load According to IEEE grey Book Std-241- 1990-section 2.2.2 -Table 5 66 Total 99

55. Zoning Why we apply Zoning? To maintain reliability . To reduce voltage drop. Maximum Length of the circuit. Schneider-Installation- Guide

56. So, From the table the maximum length For the worst case of the rating current and cross-sectional Area is 62 m . By the code of practice The most commonly used length is 50 m

57. Lighting Design

58. Lux sheet SLIDE 62 ROOM NAME LUX REF LUMINAIRE ROOM NAME LUX REF LUMINAIRE ICU 100 CIBSE 1 LAP 500 CIBSE 1 NURSE STATION 300 EG 2 BIOCHEMICAL LAP 500 CIBSE 1 HEAD NURSE 300 EG 2 HEMATOLOGY LAP 500 CIBSE 1 DRY DRISSING 300 CIBSE 2 MICROBIOLOGY LAP 500 CIBSE 1 CHANGING 100 CIBSE 2 DUTY LAP 500 CIBSE 1 WET DRISSING 300 CIBSE 1 PCR 500 CIBSE 1 OR 1000 CIBSE 1 PATHOLOGIST 300 CIBSE 1 MEDICAL STORE 500 EG 2 STERELIZATION 300 CIBSE 1 COLD STORE 100 CIBSE 4 TECHNITIANS ROOM 200 CIBSE 2 CLEAN UTILITY 150 CIBSE 1 CONTROL ROOM 200 CIBSE 2 DIRTY UTILITY 150 CIBSE 1 REPORTING 300 CIBSE 2 WASHING 150 CIBSE 1 BLOOD SAMPLE 500 EG 1 WATER STATION 150 CIBSE 1 URINE 500 EG 1 DOCTOR ROOM 300 CIBSE 2 PATIENT 50 EG 3 ASSESTED BATH 300 CIBSE 1 CHILDREN BURNS IC 400 CIBSE 1 HOUSE KEEPING 150 CIBSE 2 DELEVERY 300 CIBSE 1 SURVICE ROOM 300 EG 1 CORRRIDOR 200 CIBSE 3 ELEC 200 CIBSE 2 MEETING 500 CIBSE 2 IT 200 CIBSE 2 OFICES 300 CIBSE 2 WAITING 200 CIBSE 2 DIALISIS ROOM 500 CIBSE 1 UPS 200 CIBSE 2 STORES 100 CIBSE 3

59. Selection of luminaires SLIDE 63 SR Fixture usage Picture 1 CR250B LED35S/840 PSD W60L60 IP65 I.C.U, Operating Room, Steraliztion Room, and all Places need high lux and high index of Protection   2 RC463B LED28S/940 PSD W62L62 VPC W Offices, Staff room and Doctor room and or room simillar to this Application   3 DN572B LED12S/830 C Cooridors and it is may used in patient room  

60. Selection of luminaires SLIDE 64 4 DN140B LED10S/830 PSU WR IP54 Toilet or any Application need High IP and Low LUX   5 WL484W LED40S / 830 PSD D / I SW WH Trasformer and Generator Room   6 SPARTAN SPI-WL84-1200 at any places need Explosion Proof Luminares like Gasses Room  

61. Output sheet from DIALux SLIDE 65

62. Sample of 3D on DIALux SLIDE 66

63. Wiring SLIDE 68

64. Power Design

65. Sample from Egyptian code SLIDE 70

66. Sample from CAD design SLIDE 71

67. Applications in Hospital 72 Operating room:

68. Cables Sizing, &Voltage Drop Calculation

69. C.B & Cable Sizing A Smart Excel Sheet is made for easy calculate the cable sizing.   I n =1.25*    

70. Bulk equipment & Space program

71. 1) Transformer Sizing: SLIDE 76 Total Demand Load = 5.2315 MVA We Will use Dry Transformer with Loading Factor 65% in Normal Case Total Demand Load Connected to Trans. = 5231.055/0.65 = 8.05 MVA We Will select 6 Transformer with Rating 1.6 MVA

72. 1) Transformer Sizing: SLIDE 77

73. It Is main the space which equipment can occupy and make the process of insulation and maintenance is easy . According to Egyptian code and its regulation to install transformer room Transformer Space program:

74. Transformer in CAD:

75. 2) Generator Sizing: SLIDE 80 Total Demand Load = 2.6155 MVA We Will use Diesel Generator with Loading Factor 80% Total Demand Load Connected to Generator = 2.6155/0.8 = 3.2695 MVA We Will 3 Diesel Generator with Rating 1110 kVA

76. Generator Size: SLIDE 81

77. Generator Room: SLIDE 82

78. SLIDE 83 Generator in CAD:

79. 2) UPS Sizing: SLIDE 84 Critical Load = 569.01 MVA We Will UPS with Loading Factor 100% Total Demand Load Connected to UPS = 569.01 kVA We Will 3 UPS with Rating 160kVA, 220 KVA, 240kVA

80. 3)UPS sizing: SLIDE 85 We will use 3 Online UPS 160 kVA, 220kVA , 240kVA With 10 mins backup time manufactured by Socomec

81. SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM

82. According to Egyptian Code SLIDE 87

83. SLIDE 88 The Power of PowerPoint

84. SLIDE 89 The Power of PowerPoint

85. Earthing System

86. Objective of earthing: SLIDE 92 1) Provide safety to personal during normal and fault conditions. 2) Ensure correct operation of electrical devices. 3) Prevent damage to electrical apparates . 4) Dissapate lighting strikes. Codes and Standards: 1) BS 7430 2) BS 7671

87. Earthing systems: SLIDE 93 Systems used: 1) TN-S 2) IT (in operating rooms)

88. TN-S

89. TN-C

90. TN-C-S

91. TT

92. IT

93. Calculations: SLIDE 99 Operating Room System Low current system MVsystem

94. 100 List of Formulas Calculation Steps Inputs List         1- Earthing Conductor C.A.S Calculation System Required Resistance ( Ω) 0.2     k 160.7 ƿ : Soil Resistivity ( Ω m) 300     Min Earthing Conductor CSA (mm2) 124.5 I : Max. Short Circuit In the Network (A) 20000     No of used Conductor 6.0 t : Operating time of C.B (Sec) 1     Standard Earthing Conductor CSA (mm2) 25 d : Rod Diameter (m) 0.025     ω : Earthing Conductor Diameter (m) 0.0106 Lr : Length of The Rod (m) 4.5     2- Resistance of Earth Conductor Calculation h : Depth of Rods (m) 0.5     Conductor Resistance ( Ω) 0.27 T1 : Initial Temperature C 50       T2 : Final Temperature C 250     3- Resistance of One Rod K : Constant 226     Single Rod Resistance ( Ω) 46.36 ß : Constant 254     4- Resistance of Combined Rod L : Length of Earthing Conductor (m) 500     Combined Rods Resistance ( Ω) 10.48 s : Distance Between Rods (m) 4     no of Square 14 n : No. of Rods 8     total Square Resistance 0.748743 Õ : Pi 4.51   5- Earthing System Resistance k 1.83   System Resistance ( Ω) 0.20 ʎ: constant 4.51   d: conductor diameter 0.0106         Operating Room System

95. Lightning

96. Calculation of lightning protection system SLIDE 105 1) Collective Area Calculation (Ae):

97. Calculation of lightning protection system SLIDE 106 2) Average Flash Density (Ng):

98. Calculation of lightning protection system SLIDE 107 3) Factors: C 1 =0.5 C2 =1 C3 =2 C4 =3 C5 =5

99. Calculation of lightning protection system SLIDE 108 4) Calculation of Expected Lightning Strike Frequency (Nd): 5) Calculation of Tolerable Lightning Strike Frequency (Nc):

100. Calculation of lightning protection system SLIDE 109

101. Calculation of lightning protection system SLIDE 110 Efficiency and protection level The mesh method ‎

102. The Power of PowerPoint SLIDE 111

103. 112

104. Le /هلا t’s Move On! Don’t worry. We surely support you. Light Current Systems

105. Light Current Systems Fire Alarm CCTV Nurse Call Master Clock Data and Telephone Access Control MATV Queuing

106. Fire Alarm System Fire Alarm System is designed to alert us to an emergency so that we can take action to protect ourselves, staff and the general public. It’s different from firefighting system as firefighting system . It Consist of Output Devices Control Panel Input Devices

107. Distribution of Devices At normal : Smoke covers 7.5m radius, and Heat covers 5.3m radius After penalties : Smoke covers 5.7m radius, and Heat covers 4.1m radius

108. Sample of Project

109. Sample of Project

110. Sample of Project RIZER DIAGRAM

111. Data and Telephone Systems First Data System :It’s the brain system of Light Current systems(except Fire Alarm) as it connect all Systems with each other and with the Data Network It enables us to access WAN and LAN Data outlets Data cables Data Network Router and Switches Server Data rack

112. Data and Telephone Systems Second is Telephone System: Which enables us to make calls with each other In our project we used IP telephones so that we can make calls inside and limit the outside calls to main people We used IP-PBX100/1200 It Consist of IP-telephone Outlets Cables/Wires IP Router and Switches IP-PBX

113. Sample of Project Data and Telephone of Recovery Area

114. CCTV CCTV (Closed Circuit Television) is a closed system consisting of video cameras, display devices (monitors) and wired or wireless data networks that allow you to transfer images from video cameras to monitors. It Consist of Camera Cables to transfer Data Monitors Digital Video Recorder, DVR We used Dome Camera in our project and connect it by POE Switch

115. CCTV

116. Access Control System It Consist of ACCESS CARD ACCESS CARD READER DOOR CONTACT DOOR LOCK EMERGENCY EXIT PUSHBUTTON CONTROL PANEL MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE Used in Applications like Medical Store Operation Rooms Entrance Gas Room Access Control is a method of security that controls access both physically and virtually unless authentication credentials are provided.

117. Sample of Project

118. DOOR LOCK DOOR CONTACT EMERGENCY EXIT PUSHBUTTON DOOR CONTROL PANEL DOOR ACCESS CONTROLLER & READER Access Control System

119. NURSE CALL SYSTEM SLIDE 129 The Power of PowerPoint MCP NURSE STATION Main Control Panel Connected with 1 -UPS 2-Power supply 3- Board Area of a health care facility CALL POINT

120. NURSE CALL SYSTEM SLIDE 130 The Power of PowerPoint Call BUTTON Remote Control PULL CORD INFRARED The nurse is called by pressing this button you can call the nurse by pressing the button on the unit To be connected to a paging unit in the B H U Using the remote control and also using this The remote is for other purposes The infrared unit is also attached to the patient as a facilitator The patient is able to call anywhere in the room

121. SLIDE 131 The Power of PowerPoint NURSE CALL SYSTEM

122. TV SYSTEM SLIDE 132 Types Of TV System The Power of PowerPoint SMATV MATV Satellite Master antenna Television Master antenna Television IPTV Internet Protocol  Television

123. TV SYSTEM SLIDE 133 The Power of PowerPoint MATV Components 1-Antenna 1- LNB 3- Dish 4- Head-End Station 5- Outlets 6- Signal Amplifier 7- Tap off 8- Splitters 9- Cables

124. TV SYSTEM SLIDE 134 The Power of PowerPoint

125. CLOCK SYSTEM SLIDE 135 The Power of PowerPoint Timing unit Determine The Time TYPES OF CLOCK 1- Wall Mounted Single Side IP Clock 2- Ceiling Mounted Double Side IP Clock WAYES TO DETERMINE TIME 1- NTP Server 2- GPS

126. CLOCK SYSTEM SLIDE 136 The Power of PowerPoint

127. CLOCK SYSTEM SLIDE 137 The Power of PowerPoint 2 Wire Digital Connection Network RS 485 Connection System Wireless Connection System

128. QUEUING SYSTEM SLIDE 138 The Power of PowerPoint Components  1- Ticket Dispenser 2- Numerical Display 3- Push Button 4- Central Control Panel 5- LED Display Ticket Dispenser

129. QUEUING SYSTEM SLIDE 139 The Power of PowerPoint

130. Smart Homes

131. What is KNX SLIDE 142 KNX is the intelligent building control system for all areas in which your customers live and work. Control of building management equipment such as: lighting, blinds.... etc KNX Benefits : Flexibility Safety & Security Time saving and comfortable Energy savings

132. KNX System Topology 1 Line = up to 64 devices More than 64 devices => New Line Connect 2 Lines = Line couplers Main line of the Area 1 Area = up to 15 Lines More than 15 Lines => New Area Connect 2 Areas = Area couplers Area Line (Backbone) Up to 15 Areas 143

133. KNX Components SLIDE 144 General components: 1) Power supply 2) USB Interface 3) Line coupler 2) Sensors: 1) Push Button 2) Room Temperature control(RTC). 3) Presence Detector

134. KNX Components SLIDE 145 3) Actuators: 1) Switch actuator 2) Dimming actuator 3) Fan coil actuator

135. KNX Connection SLIDE 146 The Power of PowerPoint Programing: ETS5 Software

136. Cad Design SLIDE 147

137. The Power of PowerPoint

138. KNX Riser Diagram 149

139. 150

140. BOQ 151 No. Item Quantity 1 Power supply 320mA 3 2 Presence Sensor 21 3 Motion Sensor 3 4 Push Bottom 2 5 pushbutton with temp control unite 8 6 Multi Touch Screen 1 7 Switching Actuater (8Ch) 3 8 Blind Actuator (8ch) 2 9 Fan coil Actuator 10 10 Dimming Actuator 1

141. Practicle scenario: 152 On/Off light Dim UP - ON Dim Down - OFF Move UP Move Down Leaving Mode Entering Mode

142. The Power of PowerPoint SLIDE 153

143. Photo voltaic system

144. SLIDE 155 Environment factors Shading and Dirt : The effects of this shading are well known when even a small portion of a cell, module, or array is shaded.

145. Environment factors SLIDE 156 2) Temperature: Module output and life are also degraded by increased temperature.

146. Environment factors SLIDE 157 3) Irradiance: Solar constant is : 1000W/ on surface  

147. SLIDE 158 1 ) Practical part:: Soft wares: We apply pv system at villa with 13.92 kW . Sketch Up PV Syst 3D Electrical design

148. SLIDE 159 Sketch up output :

149. SLIDE 160 PVsyst output: Fig 22: PVsyst design

150. SLIDE 161 PVsyst output: Fig 23: PVsyst design

151. PVsyst output: SLIDE 162 Fig 24: PVsyst design

152. SLIDE 163 PVsyst report :

153. PVsyst report : SLIDE 164

154. Let’s Move On! Don’t worry. We surely support you.

155. That’s all. Thank you!  Any Questions? Dr. Mohamed Ebrahim

156. NURSE CALL SYSTEM SLIDE 17 The Power of PowerPoint MCP NURSE STATION Main Control Panel Connected with 1 -UPS 2-Power supply 3- Board Area of a health care facility CALL POINT