संधि शारीर presentation.pptx rachana sharir

Rachana sharir ppt

1. Acharya Deshabhushan Ayurvedic medical college & Hospital bedkihal Guided by : Dr. Prasad bhoi sir Dr. Suhas rajmane sir Dr. Suraj Patil sir Dr. Arpita Tonage Mam Represented by : Pratik S. Chougule

2. सन्धि शारीर (ARTHROLOGY)

3. Introduction- Definition of सन्धि :- अस्थि संयोगस्थानम् । ( च.शा.७ ) सन्धि = संयोगः Meaning of the word Sandhi is Samyoga (union or junc - tion ). Definition of Sandhi is meeting portion of any two structures in the body. Sandhis between any of the structures are bound by Kapha .

4. Types of Joints ( सन्धि प्रकार)- According to the movements the joints are classified into two types.. सन्धि प्रकार :- सन्धयस्तु द्विविधाश्चेष्टावन्तः स्थिराश्च | 1) चेष्टावत ( चल सधि ) २) स्थिर ( अचल संधि )

5. [1] चल संधि - Moveable joints are further categorized
into freely movable बहुचल . And slightly movable अल्पचल चेष्टावन्तः सन्धयो द्विविधः वहुचेष्टा, अल्पचेष्टाश्चेति । तत्र शाखासु अधोहनुकूटयौश्च बहुचेष्टाः । पृष्टवंशादिष्वल्पचेष्टाः अन्यत्रपुनरचेष्टाः ॥शाखासु हन्वोः कंटयां च चेष्टावन्तस्तु सन्धयः । (Su. Sha . 5) The upper and lower limb joints and cervical jointsare moveable.

6. [2] अचल संधि - Immovable joints, these are fixed juints . शेषास्तु सन्धयः सर्वे विज्ञेया हि स्थिरा बुधैः ॥ (Su. Sha . 5) The skull and facial joints are immoveable joints in the body.

7. According to the rachana the joints are classify into eight types त एते सन् धयो ऽ ष्ट विध कोर उलूकाल सामुद्ग प्रतत् र तुन्न सेवनी वायसतुण्ड मण्डल शङ्खवर्ता : । (सु . शा.) 1) कोर सन् धि 2) उलूखल सन्धि 3) सामुद्ग सन्धि 4) प्रतर सन्धि 5) तुन्नसेवनी सन्धि 6) वायसतुण्ड सन्धि 7) मण्डल सन्धि 8) शङ्खवर्ता: सन्धि

8. १ ] कोर स न्धि – The articular area of the bones seem to be slightly. concave and convex. The outward appearance of the bone is smooth and concave or convex. Such articula - tion is known as kora sandhi. Ex- तेषामङ्गलि मणिबन्ध गुल्फ जानु कूपरेषु कोरा सन्धय : । Ex कूर्पर संधि ( elbow joint ), मणिबन्ध संधि ( wrist joint), जानु संधि ( knee joint), etc.

9. कोरसथि प्रकार Further the kora sandhi is classified into four types. १. खल्लकोर संधि → Ex. Ankle joint २. संदंशकोर संधि → Ex. Elbow joint
३. परस्परकोर संधि → Ex. Wrist joint
४. चक्रकोर संधि → Ex. Superior radio ulnar & Atlantoaxial joints

10. २. उलूखल संधि - The articular area of the bones has more concave and convex, the one articular are is socket, the other one is ball shape, it appears like socket and ball, such joints are Ulukala sandhi.
Ex- कक्षा वड॰क्षणदशनेषु उलूखलाः । कक्षा संधि - shoulder joint, वड॰क्षण संधि - hip joint

11. ३. सामुद्ग 'संधि - The articular area of the bone is slightly irregular with concave and convex surfaces. The articulation be- tween sacrum and pelvis is sacro pelvic joint. It is samudga type of sandhi. Ex- अंसपीठगुदभगनितम्वेषु सामुद्गा : । Ex- sacro pelvic joint, symphysis pubis.

12. ४. प्रतर संधि – The articular area of the bones have plane surfaces, the two plane surfaces articulates and forms the pratara sandhi.. Ex- ग्रीवापृष्ठवंशयोः प्रतरः । The Inter vertebral joints are प्रतर , further classified into three types १ ) चलप्रतर संधि २ ) दृढप्रतर संधि ३ ) युक्तप्रतर संधि

13. ५. तुत्रसेवनि संधि – The articular area of the bones have serrated, and joint appears like a suture. The cranial joints like sagittal, coronal, and lambdoid sutures, are known as tunnasevani sandhi. Ex- शिरः कटीकपालेषु तुन्नसेवन्यः ।

14. ६. वायसतुण्ड संधि – The articular area of the one bone has beak like projection, and other articular area is concave (fossa). Such articulation is vayastunda sandhi. Ex- हन्वोरुभयतस्तु वायसतुण्डाः । The temporomandibular joint. The head of the mandible articulates with the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone..

15. ७. मंडल संधि – The articular area of the bones have circular or semicircular shape. The joint appear circular or semi- circular. Ex- कण्ठहृदयनेत्रक्लोमनाडिषु मण्डलाः | – The tracheal rings articulation, the joints in the eye ball and the joints in the hradaya are mandal sandhi.

16. ८. शङ्खावर्त संधि – The articular area of the bones have complicatedcircular shape and it appears as shanka . The joints ofear ossicles are shankavarta sandhi. Ex- श्रोत्र श्रङ्गाटकेषु शङ्खार्ताः। तेषां नामभिरेवाकृतयः प्रायेण व्याख्याताः॥ (सु.शा.५/२७)

17. संधि संख्या ( Number of joints) According to १) सुश्रुत : - 210 २) चरक : - 290 ३) अष्टांग हृदय : - 2000

18. According to सुश्रुत : - 210 शखा 4 X 17 = 68 मध्य शरीर = 59 ग्रीवोपरि = 83