Presentations on the theories of failure typically cover several key concepts SectionalViewsPowerPoint LATEST.ppt

Presentations on the theories of failure typically cover several key concepts. These include the maximum principal stress theory, the maximum shear stress theory, and the total distortion energy theory. These theories are used to predict when a material will fail under different loading conditions. The choice of which theory to apply often depends on the material properties and the specific application. These PPTs are usually used in Mechanical Engineering to teach the subject.

1. Sectional Views
Engineering Graphics & Design
By John Kirby

2. Sectional Views
•Cut into the drawing
•Reduce confusion of excessive hidden lines
•Hatch lines represent the interior mass
•Aid visualizing the internal workings of a
drawing

3. Alphabet of Lines

4. Crosshatching
Crosshatching
patterns represent
the various metals
and materials used
in Engineering
Graphics & Design.

5. Full Sections
•Cuts the drawing completely apart
•Cuts generally horizontal or vertical from one
end to the other
•Cuts often pass through the center of the
drawing
Acceptable styles for cutting plane lines

6. Full Section
Cutting
Plane
Line
Crosshatching
Part Outline –
heavy weight
line

7. Half Sections
•A half section is one half of a full section
•¼ of the object is cut
•Two cutting plane lines at right angles
•½ of the view is represented by the cut
•Used when drawing symmetrical objects

8. Half Sections of 4 Step Pulley
Part Outline –
heavy weight
line
Half Section–
cutting plane line
drawn at right
angle

9. Offset Sections
•Cutting plane lines are shifted to include
missing details
•Cutting plane lines only view areas along the
cutting plane line
•Cutting plane lines are offset to include more
details

10. Offset Section
Cutting Plane line does not
include holes behind the
line.
Offset Cutting Plane
line does includes holes
along the line.

11. Break Out Sections
•Removes a defined area of material
•Exposes obscured parts or features in an
existing drawing view
•View must be associated to a sketch that
contains the profile defining the break out
boundary

12. Break Out View of Part
Break Out View
exposes inside of part
with counter bore with
threaded hole

13. Break Out View of Assembly Drawing
A Break Out View can
also be utilized on
assembly drawings to
view inside of
assemblies.

14. Detail View
•Represents a specified portion of a view
•Assigning any scale to the view
•Used a zoom to enlarge areas better
represented by enlarging for clarity

15. Detail View of Box Assembly
Box Assembly is drawn
½ scale where the
detail view is drawn full
scale. Dimensions
included on Detail B.

16. Detail View of a Break Out View

17. Broken View
•Used when the component view exceeds the
length of the drawing
•Used when scaling the component view to fit
the drawing makes the component view
prohibitively small
•Used view contains large areas of nondescript
geometry

18. Broken View of an Assembly Drawing
Break Lines
inserted to reduce
the actual length of
the assembly.
Dimension line
above also denotes
the break.
Can you identify
and label the other
three types of lines
used in the
drawing?

19. Auxiliary View
•Helper view that aligns with the view from
which it is projected
•Are used when true orthographic projections
would distort the true shape of the object
•Are aligned with the projection lines of the
auxiliary view

20. Three View Projection without
Auxiliary View Representation
The top and right
side views do not
truly represent the
actual shape of the
part.

21. Auxiliary View with Detail Section
Projected View
aligns with Detail B
to insure a true
shape of the part.

22. Auxiliary View with Projected Details for Clarity

23. Exceptions for Clarity
Full Section Offset Section
Which view best represents the pulley?

24. Can you identify the two types of
sections used below?
A half section
A break out section

25. What type of drawing is illustrated below?

26. What type of section view is
represented below?

27. What type of section is represented below?
When is this type of view used?

28. What type of view is represented below?
When is this technique applied?

29. There are two drawing techniques mentioned
earlier in the drawing below: Identify each and
explain.

30. Identify the type of cutting plane
below: Why was it used in this
drawing?