Presente Perfecto en todas sus categorias

todo sobre el presente perfecto

1. THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE Una acción o situación iniciada en el pasado y que continúa en el presente.  I  have lived  in Bristol since 1984  (= todavía vivo allí.) Una acción realizada durante un periodo de tiempo aún no concluido.  She has been to the cinema twice this week   (= la semana todavía no ha terminado.) Una acción repetida en un periodo temporal inespecífico situado entre el pasado y el presente.  We   have visited  Portugal several times. Una acción que ha concluido en un pasado muy reciente, lo que se indica mediante  ' just ' .  I  have just finished   my work . Una acción para la cual no es importante el momento preciso en que aconteció.  He  has read  ' War and Peace '.  (= lo relevante es el resultado de la acción) Nota:  Cuando queremos dar o pedir información sobre cuándo, dónde o quién, empleamos el "simple past ".

2. Acciones iniciadas en el pasado y que continúan en el presente They  haven't lived  here for years. She  has worked  in the bank for five years. We  have had  the same car for ten years. Have you played  the piano since you were a child? Cuando se hace referencia a un periodo temporal inacabado I have worked  hard   this week . It  has rained  a lot  this year . We  haven't seen  her  today .

3. Acciones reiteradas en un periodo inespecífico , entre el pasado y el presente . They  have seen  that film six times It  has happened  several times already. She  has visited  them frequently. We  have eaten  at that restaurant many times. Acciones concluidas en un pasado muy reciente (+just) Have you just finished  work? I  have just eaten . We  have just seen  her. Has he just left ? Cuando la dimensión temporal no es relevante o conocida Someone   has eaten  my soup ! Have you seen   'Gone with the Wind'? She's studied   Japanese, Russian, and English.

4. PRESENT PERFECT STRUCTURE AND EXAMPLE 1. AFFIRMATIVE STRUTURE Subject + Auxiliar Have + verb in past participle + complement . Ex. I have talked to the doctor. He has bought 2 t- shirts for two days . 2. NEGATIVE STRUCTURE Subject + Auxiliar Have + not + Verb in past participle + complement . Ex. You have not cleaned the house 3. INTERROGATIVE STRUCTURE Verb Auxiliar Have / has + Subject + Verb in past participle + Complement +? Ex. Has she cooked potatoes ?

5. Present perfect examples I HAVE PLAYED SOCCER FOR 30 MINUTES YOU HAVE PLAYED TENNIS SINCE YESTERDAY HE HAS PLAYED FOOTBALL FOR 20 MINUTES SHE HAS PLAYED BASKET BALL SINCE LAST NIGHT IT HAS PLAYED WE HAVE PLAYED VOLLEY BALL FOR 40 MINUTES YOU HAVE PLAYED TENNIS FOR AN HOUR THEY HAVE PLAYED GOLF SINCE LAST WEEK

6. More examples I HAVE BROKEN A WINDOW MANY TIMES YOU HAVE BROKEN YOUR GLASSES FREQUENTLY HE HAS BROKEN HIS DISH FOR TWO DAYS SHE HAS BROKEN HER PHONE SINCE YESTERDAY IT HAS BROKEN ITS TOY WE HAVE BROKEN OUR BIN FOR 10 MINUTES YOU HAVE BROKEN THE GLASSES SINCE YESTERDAY THEY HAVE BROKEN THEIR BULBS FOR 20 MINUTES

7. EXAMPLES. I HAVE BOUGHT A PHONE SINCE YESTERDAY YOU HAVE BOUGHT A SCREEN FOR TEN MINUTES HE HAS BOUGHT SOME SHOES FREQUENTLY SHE HAS BOUGHT A GLASS IT HAS BOUGHT A DISH WE HAVE BOUGHT SOME BOOKS SINCE YESTERDAY YOU HAVE BOUGHT A HOUSE FOR TWO DAYS THEY HAVE BOUGHT A CAR FOR A YEAR TASK HACER DOS EJERCICIOS EN PRESENTE PERFECTO AFIRMATIVA

8. EXERCISES IN PRESENT PERFECT NEGATIVE I HAVE NOT BUILT A HOUSE FOR THREE MONTHS YOU HAVE NOT BUILT A BRIDGE SINCE LAST YEAR HE HAS NOT BUILT A LADDER FOR AN HOUR SHE HAS NOT BUILT A BUILDING SINCE 2017 IT HAS NOT BUILT ITS HOUSE WE HAVE NOT BUILT A ROOM FOR TWO WEEKS YOU HAVE NOT BUILT HANDRAILS SINCE YESTERDAY THEY HAVE NOT BUILT A HOSPITAL FOR THREE YEARS I HAVE NOT PLAYED IN THE PARK FOR A MONTH HE HAS NOT JUMPED IN THE CLASS FOR THREE HOURS

9. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE I HAVE NOT DRUNK SOME ALCOHOL FOR THREE HOURS YOU HAVE NOT DRUNK SOME JUICE SINCE YESTERDAY HE HAS NOT DRUNK SOME BEER FOR TWO DAYS SHE HAS NOT DRUNK SOME WINE FOR TWENTY MINUTES IT HAS NOT DRUNK SOME MILK WE HAVE NOT DRUNK SOME GUALCHACA SINCE LAST NIGHT YOU HAVE NOT DRUNK SOME COFFEE FOR THIRTY MINUTES THEY HAVE NOT DRUNK SOME WATER FOR TEN MINUTES

10. MORE EXAMPLES I HAVE NOT BROKEN A GLASS SINCE YESTERDAY YOU HAVE NOT BROKEN YOUR GLASSES FOR 2 DAYS HE HAS NOT BROKEN HIS PENSIL FREQUENTLY SHE HAS NOT BROKEN HER BIN FOR 2 YEARS IT HAS NOT BROKEN ITS DISH FOR 20 MINUTES WE HAVE NOT BROKEN OUR WINDOW SINCE LAST WEEK YOU HAVE NOT BROKEN YOUR PHONE FREQUENTLY THEY HAVE NOT BROKEN THEIR CUP FOR 30 MINUTES

11. CONTRACTIONS I HAVE I´VE I HAVEN´T BUILT YOU HAVE YOU´VE YOU HAVEN´T BUILT HE HAS HE´S HE HASN´T BUILT SHE HAS SHE´S SHE HASN´T BUILT IT HAS IT´S IT HASN´T BUILT WE HAVE WE´VE WE HAVEN´NT BUILT YOU HAVE YOU´VE YOU HAVEN´T BUILT THEY HAVE THEY´VE THEY HAVEN´T BUILT I´VE NOT BUILT I HAVEN’T BUILT

12. PRESENT PERFECT To work present perfect Afirmativa Negativa Interrogativa I  have walked I haven't walked Have I walked? You  have walked You haven't walked. Have you walked? He, she, it  has walked He, she, hasn't walked Has he, she, it walked? We  have walked We haven't walked Have we walked? You  have walked You haven't walked Have you walked? They  have walked They haven't walked Have they walked ?

13. TIME EXPRESSIONS PRESENT PERFECT For; since; yet; never; always; so far; many times; lately; recently; already, ever, frequently , once, twice. Example: Samuel has visited Hawaii many times Paul has been here for six hours Marcos has known Mary since 2010 I have already written a letter to the president Tom has been unhappy since his team lost the championship.

14. Use of Already With Present Perfect already   usually goes after have or has and before the main verb . Examples - We've already had our breakfast. I 've already visited  three universities. Spring  has already arrived  in Madrid We can use the  present perfect   positive  with  just  or  already Subject  +  have/has  +  just/already  +  past participle . Positive (+) Subject auxiliary just/already past participle I have already just visited three universities. She has won the match.

15. EXAMPLES WITH ALREADY I HAVE ALREADY BROKEN YOU HAVE JUST CUT SHE HAS ALREADY BUILT HE HAS ALREADY EATEN IT HAS JUST PLAYED WE HAVE ALREADY CHOSEN YOU HAVE JUST CAUGHT THEY HAVE ALREADY CLEANED

16. EXERCISES WITH ALREADY CONTRACTIONS I´VE ALREADY PLAYED SOCER YOU´VE ALREADY VISITED THE PARK. SHE´S ALREADY DANCED IN THE PARTY HE´S ALREADY EATEN SOME FISH IT´S ALREADY SUNG THEY´VE ALREADY COOKED WE´VE ALREADY RUN

17. EXERCISES WITH JUST I HAVE JUST ARRIVED YOU HAVE JUST SWUM HE HAS JUST BROKEN SHE´S JUST GONE IT´S JUST EATEN WE´VE JUST SLEPT SHE´S JUST BOOKED THEY´VE JUST AWOKEN

18. We can use the  present perfect   negative  with  yet : Subject  +  haven't/hasn't  +  past participle  +  yet . Negative (-) Subject auxiliary past participle yet I haven't made a decision yet . She hasn't finished it

19. EXAMPLES WITH YET NEGATIVE MARY HASN´T BOUGHT HER CAR YET. THE POSTMAN HASN´T ARRIVED YET

20. We can form  present perfect  questions with  yet : Have/Has  +  subject  +  past participle  +  yet ? Yes / No questions (?) Auxiliary subject past participle yet Have you seen that film yet ? Has he made a decision