principle of programming in information technology

principle of programming in information technology

1. NETAJI SUBHAS UNiVERsITY BCA (2022-2025) principal of programming

2. APPROACHES

3. Top down approach/ modular approach I n this methodology we break down a problem into a small Problems and then these smaller problems are coded independently. Then we integrate that system and test it. Focus is on dividing your bigger problems into managable smaller problems. Each independent component is called as module.

4. In bottom up approach, system design starts with the lowest level of components. Programs are divided into object, which are then interconnected to get higher level component. This process continues till hierarchy of all system component is generated. In this approach security of data is provided. In this approach the addition of new data and function can be easily added whenever it is required. BOTTOM UP APPROACH

5. T op d own a pproach b ottom u p a pproach Cart Checkout Shop Search Categories Products Cart Checkout Shop Search Categories Products

6. Difference between bottom up and top down approaches Divide a problem into a smaller unit and then solve. A well established communication is not required. Starts from solving the small modules and adding up them up to together. Communication among step is mandatory mandatory . A) B) a) b) TOP DOWN BOTTOM UP

7. Mainly used by structural programming languages like C, FORTRAN. Individual modules are thoroughly analyzed. Mainly used by object oriented programming languages like C++, Java. Works on the concept of data hiding and encapsulation. C) D) c) d)

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