PRINCIPLES OF HELATH EDUCATION.pptx

PRINCIPLES OF HEALTH EDUCATION, INTRODUCTION, DEFINITION, AIM, PRACTICE OF HEALTH EDUCATION, INDIVIDUAL APPROACH, GROUP APPROACH, MASS APPROACH, CREDIBILITY, MOTIVATION, INTEREST, PARTICIPATION, REINFORCEMENT, COMPREHENSION, FEEDBACK, KNOWN TO UNKNOWN, LEARNING BY DOING, SETTING AN EXAMPLE, GOOD HUMAN RELATIONS, LEADER.

1. PRINCIPLES OF HEALTH EDUCATION Dr.Sunayana Kumthekar Assistant Professor dept. of Community Medicine SBHGMC DHULE

2. INTRODUCTION Health education is one of the functions of health communication Health communication often used synonymously with health education It is foundation of preventive health care system .

3. DEFINITION “A process aimed at encouraging people to want to be healthy, to know how to stay healthy, to do what they can Individually and collectively to maintain health and to seek help when needed”

4. AIMS OF HEALTH EDUCATION The ultimate aim of Health Education is Positive Behavioral Modification Health education knowledge behavior attitude change

5. Practice of Health Ed’n 1.Audiovisual aids - Auditory: radio, tape recorder, microphone, amplifier, earphone - Visual: two types i) without projection: chalk-board, leaflets, posters, charts, flannel ii) with projection: slides, filmstrips - Combined: television, cinema, slide tape combination

6. INDIVIDUAL APPROACH Personal contact Home visits Personal letters

7. GROUP APPROACH Chalk and talk Demonstrations Group discussion Panel discussion Symposium Workshop Role playing Conferences and seminars

8. MASS APPROACH Television Radio Internet Newspaper Printed materials Direct mailing Posters, signs, billboards Health exhibitions Folk media

9. Principles of health education : CREDIBILITY: message to be communicated is perceived as trustworthy by the receiver. Good health education – consistent compatible with scientific knowledge, local culture, education system and social goals.

10. EXAMPLES CHIKUNGUNYA , DENGUE Stagnant water – breeding places for mosquitoes. Educating about clean surroundings; DIARRHOEAL DISEASES Source: Contaminated water Educate about boiling of water.

11. MOTIVATION: defined at its simplest, involves inducing individuals to behave in desired and predetermined patterns. Types, endogenous exogenous. motivation is contagious.

12. EXAMPLE Mothers are being motivated postnatal to follow family planning in order to preserve the small family norm.

13. EXAMPLE People coming to the local camps conducted by the trained workers for their health problems.

14. INTEREST: health teaching should relate to the interests of the people. ‘FELT NEEDS’ i.e. needs the people feel about themselves. People gladly participate in such programmes . EXAMPLE: HIV Counseling Antenatal & postnatal care by the mother

15. PARTICIPATION: The aim is to encourage the people to work actively in identifying their problems, Developing solutions and plans to work on them. A high degree of participation tends to create a sense of involvement, personal acceptance and decision making.

16. People participating in health developmental program

17. EXAMPLE Diarrhea epidemic in the community Community participation in eliminating the source.

18. REINFORCEMENT : repetition at intervals is necessary as there is every possibility of an individual going back to the pre awareness stage. People are more likely to remember when message is repeated in different ways.

19. EXAMPLES SMOKING IS INJURIOUS TO HEALTH.

20. EXAMPLE HIV-AIDS

21. COMPREHENSION: communicating with people in their own language and with in their mental capacity is always helpful.

22. FEED BACK: The health educator can modify the elements of the system in the light of feedback from his audience.

23. KNOWN TO UNKNOWN: Existing knowledge to new knowledge Simple to complicated Easy to difficult

24. Overeating Obesity Hypertension Atherosclerosis Coronary Artery Disease

25. LEARNING BY DOING: a Chinese proverb quotes ‘ if I hear I forget, if I see I remember, if I do I know’ , illustrates the importance of learning by doing.

26. SETTING AN EXAMPLE: The health educator should set a good example in the things he is teaching. The health educator should not have the habit of smoking when propagating about the ill effects of smoking.

27. GOOD HUMAN RELATIONS: As sharing of information, ideas and feelings happens most easily between people who have a good relationship.

28. LEADERS: In work of health education, we try to penetrate the community through the local leaders – the village headman, school teachers or political workers who can reach the public more easily.