Principles of Pre and post operative care.pptx

Principles of pre and post operative care includes providing calm and comfort environment to patient who consents to have surgery, renders himself/ herself dependent on knowledge, skills and integrity of health care team. The healthcare services begins to be given with preparation for admission to the hospital.

1. Principles of Pre and post operative care presented by : harjot kaur bsc .(n) 3 rd year roll no.:13

2. The period extending from the time of hospitalization for surgery to the time of discharge is the perioperative phase. It includes care of patient prior to surgery: Preoperative phase Intraoperative phase Postoperative phase introduction

3. PERIOPERATIVE CARE PREOPERATIVE CARE INTRAOPERATIVE CARE POSTOPERATIVE CARE

4. The period in which patient is to be prepared both emotionally and physically for surgery. Begins with decision to proceed with surgical intervention. Preparatory education. Preoperative care

5. Assess and correct psychological problems. Patient and others should be explained about surgery. Management of fears related to surgery is essential. Nurses should be honest and truthful while answering questions of parents and children. The parents and child should be oriented to the recovery room, postoperative ward and equipment, as the child will be kept there after surgery. Good communication between all members of the health care team and patient. Principles for emotional preparation

6. Preoperative preparation includes the following area: Nutrition and fluids.. Patient kept NPO from midnight onwards before surgery. Elimination … enema to be administered. Hygiene.. Bath in morning to make skin free from microbes. Medications .. Anti emetics, sedatives, antibiotics.. Surgical skin preparation Vital signs and laboratory test Safety protocols Special orders … insertion of NG tube prior to surgery, medications etc. Principles for physical preparation

7. Children and their parents should ne taught those postoperative practices that they will need to do and their role in preventing complications, includes: Turning in bed and early ambulation Deep breathing exercises… prevent pneumonia or other conditions after surgery. Coughing… small pillow may be held tightly across incision so as to minimize the pain. Extremity exercises… active or passive.. Prevents circulatory problems. Preoperative teaching principles

8. Informed consent Check all laboratory reports. Make sure that identification band for the child is attached to prevent faulty identification. Allow one of family member to stay with child to prevent fear of strange. Make sure that the child is send to the OT with all documents and necessary precautions. Protective measures

9. Before surgery, the client or family member must sign a surgical form or operative permit. Client or family members must sign the consent before receiving any preoperative sedatives. The nurse must ensure that all necessary parties have signed the consent form and that is in the client’s chart before the client goes to the operating room. INFORMED CONSENT

10. Pre-operative assessment. Obtaining informed consent. Preoperative teaching. Physical preparation of the patient. Psychological preparation of the patient. Role of nurse in the preoperative phase

11. The principle of safe and effective postoperative care includes: Maintaining fluid and electrolyte, Maintaining oxygen saturation, Managing pain, Preventing postoperative complications. Postoperative care

12. Receive child with detailed information and the case sheet recorded accurately. Check vital signs. Maintain patent airway by keeping child inn side lying position. Remove secretions if required. Administer oxygen if needed. Replacement of fluids. Maintain intake and output chart. Restrain child to prevent injury. Pain management.. Administer prescribed analgesics. Ensure guardians are with the child in recovery r oom . Immediate postoperative care

13. Monitor vital signs. Observe for hydration status, intake and output, any drainage from surgical site, Return of bowel sounds and level of consciousness. Administer medications.. Antibiotics, analgesics. Maintain personal hygiene. Ensure adequate rest, sleep and comfort. Early ambulation and exercises. Provide diversion therapy… play therapy , etc. plan for discharge and teach about home based care, diet, medication and follow up. Care after 24 hours of surgery

14. THANK YOU