Process of communication

Process of Communication, Sender, channel, Receiver

1. Process of Communication Dr . SHAFAYAT ALI Assistant Professor/HOD Department of Mass Comm. Govt. College of Science, Wahdat Road, Lahore

2. Elements of Communication Source Encoding Message Channel Receiver Decoding Feedback

3. Process of Communication

4. Sender Sender is a person who sends a message. He is a chief initiator of any communication. Infact communication may not take place if there is no sender. Sender may be individual or group , or an organization . Individua l to Individual Individual to collective A sender makes use of symbols (words or graphic or visual aids) to convey the message and produce the required response.

5. Encoding Encoding is the process where the information you would like to communicate gets transferred into a form to be sent. To give physical shape to one’s idea. It requires use of certain symbols such as words, actions or pictures Conversion of subject matter into these symbols is the process of encoding

6. Message/Idea This is the subject matter of the communication. This may be an opinion, attitude, feelings, views, orders, or suggestions. The coded idea of sender Message is a key idea that the sender wants to communicate. The message is the content of communication & may contain verbal, nonverbal or symbolic language .

7. Channel A channel is a medium through which a message is sent or received between two or more people . Channels are the way you convey your message. These channels include verbal such as telephone, and face-to-face conversations as well as non-verbal such as e-mail and text messaging. Several channels can be used to send or receive the message, i.e seeing, hearing, touching, smelling, & tasting. • While selecting channels of communication, several factors must be considered.

8. Receiver A receiver is an individual or a group of individuals intended to receive, decode & interpret the message sent by the sender/source of message. A receiver also known as decoder. • He is expected to have the ability & skills to receive, decode & interpret the message . Receiver is a person for whom the message is intended or aimed. The degree to which the decoder understands the message is dependent upon various factors such as knowledge of recipient, their responsiveness to the message, and the reliance of encoder on decoder.

9. Decoding Decoding is on the receiving end of communication. This stage is just as important as encoding . The person who receives the message or symbol from the communicator tries to convert the same in such a way so that he may extract its meaning to his complete understanding.

10. Feedback Feedback is a return message sent by the receiver to the sender. It is most essential element of the communication process as it shows that the receiver has understood the primary message sent by the sender & the communication process is now consider complete. Feedback permits the sender to analyze the efficacy of the message. It helps the sender in confirming the correct interpretation of message by the decoder. Feedback may be verbal (through words) or non-verbal (in form of smiles, sighs, etc.).

11. Confounding elements These elements are not a direct part of the flow of the communication process but influence the communication process significantly in directed. Noise…. Anything that interferes with the delivery of message. Environment…. where the communication process take place. Interpersonal variables such as perception, beliefs, values, sociocultural background, educational & developmental levels, emotion, gender, physical & mental health, etc.

12. Thank You !