Process of sugar production from sugarcane - sugar factory

this is prepared in order to understand how sugarcane use to produce sugar cane.

2. •Content outline
Introduction
Sugar
Sugarcane and its cultivation
Process of manufacturing of sugar
By product of sugar factory
summary

3. •Introduction
Sugar
•General term indicating sweet carbohydrates
•Mono-, di-and poly-saccharides
•Obtained from plants, largely sugarcane & sugar beet plant
•Sugar is a vital ingredient in most of out daily consumption
For example: Soft drinks,juices, tea, biscuits, sweet meats,
bakery items, deserts, etc.

4. •Introduction
•have two main source/raw material for sugar
Manufacturing these are:
•sugar cane and sugar beet.
•For now we see how to extract from sugar cane.
•Many physic-chemical process are take place during
sugar production.
•In addition to sugar production sugar factory produce by
product.

5. •PROCESS OF SUGAR PRODUCTION
•Raw material for sugar production
•Sugar cane and sugar beet
SUGARCANEANDITSCULITIVATION
•Sugarcane plants are a genus of tall tropically growing
perennial grasses from the family Poaceae.
•Sugar cane is in the same family as grass, and grows in
the form of tall, narrow stalks, or canes.
•Sugar cane is rich in sucrose there used for sugar
production.

6. PROCESS OF SUGAR PRODUCTION
SUGARCANEANDITSCULITIVATION
Planting Sugar Cane
•Select healthy sugar cane plants
•Split the sugar cane stems into foot-long pieces
•Dig furrows in a sunny planting spot
•Moisten the furrows
•Plant the sugar cane
•Wait for the sugar cane to grow
Growing and Harvesting Sugar Cane
•Fertilize the sugar cane with nitrogen
•Weed the planting bed often
•Wait until fall to harvest
•Harvesting of sugarcane at a proper time

7. Statement or caption here
PROCESS OF SUGAR PRODUCTION
SUGARCANEANDITSCULITIVATION
Sugar Harvesting of cane is generally two types:
•MANNUAL: in manual type harvesting, canes are harvested by the
help of manpower or labour.
•MECHANICAL: in this type of harvesting, canes are harvested by
the machine (harvester or combine machine).
Mannual mechanical

9. •PROCESS OF SUGAR PRODUCTION
•MANUFACTURING PROCESS
•TRANSPORTING
•sugar cane are transported to the sugar industries by the help
of :
track Tractor Animals

10. •PROCESS OF SUGAR PRODUCTION
•MANUFACTURING PROCESS
•Washing, Cutting of Canes, Shredding
•Washing the sugarcane before processing i.e. removing dirty.
•Cutting operation is the first operation in industry.
•Cutters are mechanical equipment which is used to cut the canes into
desired size.
•Shredder is used to remove leaves and undesired solid particles from cane.
Cane knifes washer
shredder

11. •PROCESS OF SUGAR PRODUCTION
•MANUFACTURING PROCESS
•Milling
Millingisprocessofcrushingthesticksofsugarcanetoextractthejuice.
Theshreddedcaneisfedthroughaseriesofcrushingmillstoextractthesugarrich
juice.Consistsofthreerollermillsconnectedinseries:
oToproller
oFeedroller
oDischargeroller
Theseusedtoextractthejuicefromcrushingsticks.
Tomakethemillprocessmoreefficient,thepoorjuicesofthesubsequentmillings
arereprocessed(mashingprocess)andhotwaterisappliedinthelast
millingtoincreasetheextraction.
Bagasseisproduceasabyproduct.

12. •PROCESS OF SUGAR PRODUCTION
•MANUFACTURING PROCESS
•Clarification
•Inclarificationprocesssludge,mud,suspended&colloidalparticlesare
removesbysomechemicalcompounds.
•Rawcanejuicearefilledinclarifier(conicalshapevessel),where
phosphoricacid,lime&sulphurdioxidearemixedwiththehelpof
agitator.
•Whenthesechemicalsaremixed,suspendedandcolloidalparticlesare
collectinflockandresultingsettleddown.
•Neatandcleanjuicecomesoutfromtheuppersectionofclarifier,sludge
andmudarecollectinbottomanddrainagetorotaryfilter.
•Calciumphosphate:asflocculent
•Lime&SO2:actsasbleachingagent
•CO2:actsasacidifyingagent
•

13. •PROCESS OF SUGAR PRODUCTION
•MANUFACTURING PROCESS
•FILTRATION
•Clarifiedmudfromtheclarifierfurtherfilteredinrotaryfilter.
Mud&sludgearestickontheperipheryofrotatingdrumbythe
actionofsuction.Solidcakeremovesfromthedrumbydoctorblade.

14. •PROCESS OF SUGAR PRODUCTION
•MANUFACTURING PROCESS
•Evaporation
•Evaporatorsareusedinprocessindustrytoconcentrateliquids.
•Theoperationisperformednormallybyuseoflowpressure,dry&
saturatedsteam.
•Theevaporatorconsistaheatexchangerininnersection.
•Intheevaporatorfeedinterredatuppersectionandconcentrated
thickliquorexitatbottomsection.
•Multipleeffectevaporatorincreasequality
Multiple effect
evaporator

15. •PROCESS OF SUGAR PRODUCTION
•MANUFACTURING PROCESS
•Crystallization
•Inthefieldofengineeringcrystallizationprocess
consideredasmasstransferoperation.
•Purestformofsubstanceisobtained.
•Theobjectoftheprocessisusuallytherecoveryofthe
solute(crystals)fromthesolvent.
•Processconsist3majorevents:
•Clustering
•Nucleation
•growth

16. •PROCESS OF SUGAR PRODUCTION
•MANUFACTURING PROCESS
•Separation /centrifugation
•Separatesugarfrommolasses/motherliquor
•Centrifugeoperatesat100-1800rpm
•Molassespassthroughperforations
•Sugarcrystalsarewashedwith85ᴼCwater
•Rawsugarandmolassesproduced
centrifuge

17. •PROCESS OF SUGAR PRODUCTION
•MANUFACTURING PROCESS
•Refining
•Asugarrefineryisarefinerywhichprocessesrawsugarintowhite
refinedsugar.
•Refiningprocessconsistof4step;
•Affination-dissolvingoffsomesurfaceimpurities
•Carbonatation-removingfurtherimpuritiesthatprecipitate
fromsolutionwithcalciumcarbonate
•charfiltration-removingfurtherimpuritieswithactivated
carbon
•Recovery-usingavacuumprocess(seesaltrecovery).The
liquorleftoverfromthepreparationofwhitesugarandthe
washingsfromtheaffinationstagebothcontainsugarwhichit
iseconomictorecover.

18. •PROCESS OF SUGAR PRODUCTION
•MANUFACTURING PROCESS
•Refining process

19. •MANUFACTURING PROCESS
•Drying
•Drying is very essential mass transfer operation in processing sugar
cane into sugar.
•The wet raw sugar from centrifuges goes to rotary drier to remove the
water from the wet sugar to reduce moisture content to 0.5-2%; using
hot air at 110ºC which flow counter currently with sugar.

20. •MANUFACTURING PROCESS
•Storage/packaging
•packing is final process of sugar manufacturing process.
•Containers opaque, airtight, moisture/odor proof
•Glass canning jars or cans for liquid sugars
•Factors affecting sugar storage
•Temperature
•Moisture
•Quality of sugar
•Light
•Grain size and distribution
•Compression

21. •MANUFACTURING PROCESS
•Raw & Refined Sugar
•Raw sugar
•Obtained directly from sugarcane juice without refining
•Most natural sugar
•Brown in color due to molasses
•Refined sugar
•Have white luster and transparent
•Bleached to remove color and other impurities

22. •MANUFACTURING
PROCESS

23. •By product of sugar factory
•Cane tops
•Cane tops have no real market value.
•When fresh, of about 2.8 MJ of metabolizableenergy per kilo of dry matter.
•However cane tops should be collected and transported from
•the cane fields to the feedlot
•Bagasse
•It is the fibrous residue of the cane stalk left after
•Crushing and extraction of the juice
•It consists of fibres, water and relatively small
•Quantities of soluble solids-mostly sugar
•It is a color less, in flammable, volatile, aromatic liquid
•Use as bioful

24. Statement or caption here•By product of sugar factory
Filtermud/pressmudandSpentWash
Theprecipitatedimpuritiescontainedinthecanejuice,afterremovalby
filtration,formacakeofvaryingmoisturecontentcalledfiltermud.
Thiscakecontainsmuchofthecolloidalorganicmatter,anionsthat
precipitateduringclarification,aswellascertainnon-sugars.
Molasses
Molassesisthefinaleffluentobtainedinthepreparationofsugarby
repeatedcrystallization
Itistheresidualsyrupfromwhichnocrystallinesucrosecanbeobtained
bysimplemeans
Theyieldofmolassesisapproximately3.0percentpertonneofcane.