Professional_Endometriosis_Presentation [Autosaved].pptx

Endometriosis

1. Endometriosis: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment Presented by Dr. Hafsa Hassan Date: 9/10/2024

2. What is Endometriosis? • Definition: A disorder where tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside the uterus. • Affects mainly the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and the tissue lining the pelvis. • Prevalence: Affects approximately 1 in 10 women of reproductive age.

3. Symptoms of Endometriosis • Pelvic pain, especially during menstruation • Pain during intercourse • Pain with bowel movements or urination • Excessive bleeding (heavy periods or spotting) • Infertility • Fatigue, diarrhea, constipation, bloating, and nausea

4. Causes of Endometriosis • Retrograde menstruation: Menstrual blood flows backward through fallopian tubes into the pelvic cavity. • Genetic factors: Family history can increase the risk. • Immune system disorders: Issues in immune response may prevent destruction of endometrial-like tissue. • Embryonic cell transformation: Hormones like estrogen can transform embryonic cells into endometrial cells.

5. Stages of Endometriosis • Stage 1: Minimal – Few small implants and superficial tissue. • Stage 2: Mild – More and slightly deeper implants. • Stage 3: Moderate – Many deep implants, possibly small cysts on the ovaries. • Stage 4: Severe – Large, deep implants, large cysts, and dense adhesions.

6. Diagnosis of Endometriosis • Pelvic exam: Identifying abnormalities. • Ultrasound: Imaging to detect cysts associated with endometriosis. • MRI: Detailed images of organs and tissues. • Laparoscopy: A surgical procedure to confirm diagnosis by visualizing internal organs.

7. Treatment Options Medication: Pain relievers: NSAIDs like ibuprofen Hormone therapy: Birth control pills, gonadotropin-releasing hormone ( Gn -RH) agonists, progestin therapy Surgery: Laparoscopic excision: Removal of endometrial tissue. Hysterectomy: Complete removal of the uterus (in severe cases). Fertility treatment: IVF may be recommended for women facing infertility due to endometriosis.

8. Lifestyle and Management Diet & Nutrition: Anti-inflammatory foods: Omega-3 fatty acids, fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. Avoiding processed foods and excess sugar. Physical Activity: Regular exercise to reduce inflammation. Gentle stretching, yoga, and low-impact exercises. Stress Management: Techniques like meditation, mindfulness, and therapy.

9. Complications of Endometriosis Chronic pain: Pain can be severe and persistent. Infertility: Up to 30-40% of women with endometriosis may have difficulty conceiving. Adhesions: Scar tissue can cause organs to stick together.

10. Endometriosis and Mental Health The chronic pain and fertility challenges can lead to depression, anxiety, and stress. Importance of mental health support, counseling, and community support groups.

11. Conclusion Endometriosis is a complex condition with various symptoms, causes, and treatments. Early diagnosis and personalized treatment plans are key to managing symptoms and improving quality of life.

12. The End Thanks for your attention Any Questions