Progression of Models of Airplanes

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1. Progression of Models of Airplanes By, Aswin Raj

2. 1. Air India. 2. AirAsia India. 3. Air India Express. 4. Alliance Air. 5. GoAir. 6. Indigo. 7. SpiceJet. 8. Star Air. 9. TruJet. 10. Vistara. 11. Jet Airways (International). LIST OF AIRLINES IN INDIA (Scheduled Airlines):-

3. 1. Blue Dart Aviation . 2. QuikJet Airlines. CARGO AIRLINES:-

4. WRIGHT BROTHERS (FOUNDERS):-

5. Orville Wright piloted the world’s first flight on December 17, 1903, marking the dawn of air travel. by the 1930s—The most innovative era of flight—Dramatic leaps in design and technology paved the way for the modern jet age. While aviation advanced with each new model, the civilian aircraft illustrated below were transformative, pushing boundaries, elevating standards, and opening the skies to the masses. Today about 600,000 people are in flight in any given minute. Driven by efforts to reduce aviation’s environmental impact, the next generation of flight may be defined by otherworldly designs. These 9 Airplanes Transformed Flight Over the Last Century:-

6. Speed : 64 MPH Range : 175 Miles Passengers : 1 Cost of One-Way ticket: $5 (equivalent to $123 today) THE OPEN-COCKPIT BIPLANE WAS FLOWN BY THE ST. PETERSBURG-TAMPA AIRBOAT LINE, THE WORLD’S FIRST SCHEDULED AIRLINE. BENOIST XIV (1914):-

7. 1. The first regular International Passenger Service, a nearly three-hour flight on a biplane between Paris and Brussels, began in 1919 . 2. While the flight covered just 18 miles, the 23-minute journey saved 11 hours versus traveling between the two cities by rail. With space for only one passenger, the business wasn’t economically viable and closed after three months.

8. Speed : 135 mph Range : 500 miles Passengers : 12 No.of tri-motor flew: 100 KNOWN AS THE “TIN GOOSE,” THIS ALL-METAL—AND RACKETY—PLANE HAD A STRONG SAFETY RECORD, MAKING AIR TRAVEL MORE POPULAR. FORD TRI-MOTOR (1926):-

9. 1. Charles Lindbergh, who flew the first solo transatlantic flight in 1927, was instrumental in planning early U.S. Cross-Country passenger routes. 2. As the most widely flown plane of the 1920s, due in part to the trusted Ford name, the Tri-Motor formed the backbone of early airline service. If one engine broke down, the plane could continue flying on two engines. about 200 were made between 1926 and 1933 .

10. Speed : 192 mph Rage : 1,495 miles Passengers : 28. No.of Passengers in percentage: 90. DESIGNED FOR COMFORT AND PROFITABILITY, THE PLANE ALLOWED AIRLINES TO HAUL PASSENGERS WITHOUT RELYING ON SUBSIDIES. DOUGLAS DC – 3 (1936):-

11. 1. Major airlines, including Delta and United, started forming in the late 1920s, while the 1930s and 1940s saw the largest growth in airports. 2. Intended for Cross-Country flight, an earlier model was lined with 14 sleeping berths. When those were replaced with twice as many seats, the airline turned a profit. Hundreds of the planes are still in use worldwide—more than six decades since the last one was built.

12. Speed:526 mph Range: 3,120 miles Passengers : 99. 4 -Rolls Royal Engines powered the comet. The British-made comet was the world’s first Jet Airliner, but just as it began to dominate the commercial market, a fatal flaw grounded it . DE HAVILLAND D. H. 106 COMET (1952):-

13. 1. The Airmail and Commercial transit industries got a boost after the world wars as Surplus Warplanes were converted for new uses . 2. Flying higher and faster than propeller- driven airliners, the jet represented a major advance. But in 1954 two crashed when the Fuselages broke apart, and by the time the company provided a fix in a new model, the comet had lost its lead to the Boeing 707 and Douglas DC-8 .

14. Speed:600 mph Range:3,000 miles Passengers: 181. 1010 produced for civilian use. WITH ITS HIGH SPEED, COMFORT, AND LONG RANGE, THE FIRST AMERICAN JET AIRLINER REVOLUTIONIZED TRAVEL, KICKING THE JET AGE INTO TOP GEAR. BOEING 707 (1958):-

15. 1. More than a million passengers flew across the Atlantic in 1958, finally surpassing the number of Atlantic steamship travelers. 2. The 707 laid the foundation for Boeing’s dominance of the market. It became the standard for modern commercial aircraft design, including the location of passenger doors on the left side at the front and rear of the cabin. Most 707s in service today have been converted to freighters .

16. Speed: 640 mph Range : 6,000 miles Passengers: 490. 64ft -The 747 Tail is the height of a s Six-story building. AS THE FIRST WIDE-BODY AIRLINER, THE JUMBO JET UPPED SEATING CAPACITY, MAKING AIR TRAVEL AFFORDABLE FOR THE MASSES. BOEING 747 (1969):-

17. 1. The development of Quieter Turbofan engines in the 1970s lowered the noise jets make in flight from a screech to a buzz. 2. Monumental compared to previous airliners, the 747 dramatically lowered ticket costs. Still in production, it remained the largest airliner until the airbus A380 was introduced in 2007. While the 747 is being phased out of commercial flight, it’s regularly used for freight .

18. Speed : 1350 mph Range : 4,143 mile Passenger : 100. 3 Hours between London and New York, more than halving flying time. TRAVELING FASTER THAN THE SPEED OF SOUND, THE JET WAS THE FIRST AND ONE OF ONLY TWO SUPERSONIC TRANSPORTS TO FLY COMMERCIALLY. CONCORDE (1976):-

19. 1. Before the Airline Deregulation Act of 1978, carriers competed on service alone. The U.S. Government controlled fares and routes ; the act transferred that power to airlines . 2. Operated by Air France and British Airways, the Concorde was a technological masterpiece but impractical. Supersonic flight is power-intense, resulting in more fuel-burn and costly ticket prices. The sonic boom it produced meant that it could fly at top speed only over water, away from populated areas. The plane took its last flight in 2003 .

20. Speed : 515 mph Range : 3,300 miles Passengers : 180. No.in operation: 4,393. THE A320 WAS THE FIRST TO FLY BY COMPUTER PROGRAMMING. THE SYSTEM WAS LIGHTER, MORE PRECISE, AND RELIABLE, REDUCING A PILOT’S WORKLOAD. AIRBUS A320 (1988):-

21. 1. After Deregulation new carriers rushed in to the market ; Veterans such as Pan Am and TWA that had once monopolized international traffic began to decline. 2. With Digital flight instrument displays, the A320 set a new standard for aircraft design, sparking a heated competition with the rival Boeing 737. The A320 was also the first to use winglets (in red), which reduce drag and thus save fuel.

22. Speed : 595 mph Range : 8,464 miles Passengers: 242. 20% fuel saving over similar size Aluminium design. THE FIRST AIRCRAFT MADE FROM MAINLY COMPOSITE PARTS, THE 787 IS LIGHTER AND STRONGER THAN TRADITIONAL ALUMINUM ALLOY PLANES. BOEING 787 DREAM LINER (2011):-

23. 1. The Boeing 777-200LR flies the longest nonstop route: 9,000 miles between Doha and Auckland, crossing 10 time zones. 2. Efficiency and comfort set the Dream liner apart from its predecessors. Its longer range and fuel savings are opening up more point-to-point routes, so passengers have fewer layovers. Since longer flights could lead to fatigue and headaches, pressure and humidity are kept at higher levels in the cabin.

24. FUTURE PROTOTYPES

25. Concepts are under development to increase efficiency and speed, and reduce emissions. In 2016 NASA renewed its emphasis on these so-called X-planes with its new aviation horizons project, which aims to introduce the commercial market to new technologies and to reduce sonic boom. PROTOTYPES:-

26. REFERENCE:- https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/urban-expeditions/transportation/passenger-aircraft-milestones/