Prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic microorganisms, Difference between prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

1. PROKARYOTIC AND EUKARYOTIC MICROORGANISMS R. NITHYA M. Sc., M. Phil ., (Ph. D) ASSISTANT PROFESSOR IN BIOTECHNOLOGY SRI ADI CHUNCAHNAGIRI WOMEN’S COLLEGE, CUMBUM, THENI DT , TAMIL NADU.

2. PROKARYOTIC CELL The organisms which do not contain a nucleus are called prokaryotes . The nuclear material is not surrounded by a nuclear membrane is called a nucleoid or incipient Nucleus.

3. EUKARYOTIC CELL The organisms which contain a true nucleus are called Eukaryotes. Nuclear materials are surrounded by a nuclear membrane .

4. PROKARYOTIC CELL EUKARYOTIC CELL The size is 0.1 – 5.0 um The size is 5 – 100 um

5. PROKARYOTIC CELL EUKARYOTIC CELL Cell wall, if present, contains mucopeptide or peptidoglycan Cell wall, if present, contains cellulose. Peptidoglycan is absent.

6. PROKARYOTIC CELL EUKARYOTIC CELL Plasma membrane is present Plasma membrane is present

7. PROKARYOTIC CELL EUKARYOTIC CELL Nucleoid or incipient nucleus (not membrane bound) Nucleus (membrane bound)

8. PROKARYOTIC CELL EUKARYOTIC CELL Nucleolus absent Nucleolus present

9. PROKARYOTIC CELL EUKARYOTIC CELL DNA content is low DNA is circular DNA content is high DNA is linear

10. PROKARYOTIC CELL EUKARYOTIC CELL Plasmids may occur. Plasmids are rare

11. PROKARYOTIC CELL EUKARYOTIC CELL Cell organelles such as mitochondria, Endoplasmic reticulum, Lysosomes , golgi apparatus, centrosome and glyoxysomes are absent. Cell organelles such as mitochondria, Endoplasmic reticulum, Lysosomes , golgi apparatus, centrosome and glyoxysomes are present.

12. PROKARYOTIC CELL EUKARYOTIC CELL Ribosomes are 70 S Ribosomes are 80 S

13. PROKARYOTIC CELL EUKARYOTIC CELL Sexual reproduction is absent Reproduction occur by binary fission, Budding and fragmentation Sexual reproduction is present Mitosis and meiosis

14. PROKARYOTIC CELL EUKARYOTIC CELL Flagella are smaller It may have pili and fimbriae Flagella are longer, have cilia for movement Pili and fimbriae are absent

15. PROKARYOTIC CELL EUKARYOTIC CELL Examples Bacteria and Blue green alage Example Protozoa, algae, fungi and all animals

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