Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic Cells and Cell Types

General Biology: Prokaryotic vs Eukaryoptic, Cell Types

1. 12 | Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) General Biology 1 Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic Cells Cell Types

2. REVIEW

3. 1. This organelle is for protein synthesis and it is present in prokaryotes and eukaryotes A. Cytoplas m B. Centrosome C. Riboso me D. Golgi body

4. 1. This organelle is for protein synthesis and it is present in prokaryotes and eukaryotes A. Cytoplas m B. Centrosome C. Riboso me D. Golgi body

5. 2. Provide turgor to plant cells as fluid inside the central vacuoles; site of metabolic reaction; medium where which organelle are found and it is like a jelly like fluid A. Cytoskeleton B Chloroplast C. Cytoplas m

6. 2. Provide turgor to plant cells as fluid inside the central vacuoles; site of metabolic reaction; medium where which organelle are found and it is like a jelly like fluid A. Cytoskeleton B Chloroplast C. Cytoplas m

7. 3. He observed box- shape which called cells under a microscope . A. Robert Hooke B. Francesco Redi C. Anton van Leeuwenhoek

8. 3. He observed cork cells under a microscope A. Robert Hooke B. Francesco Redi C. Anton van Leeuwenhoek

9. 4. The _________ is a basic unit of life A. Oganis m B. Cell C. Tissue D. Organ

10. 4. The _________ is a basic unit of life A. Oganis m B. Cell C. Tissue D. Organ

11. Also known as single cell organism

12. Also known as single cell organism PROKARYOTES

13. Prepared by: ERNIE JAY N ALELOJO, LPT Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

14. Considering the images, what kind of home would you choose and how would you characterize a "perfect" house”?

15. 1.. Compare and contrast the features of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells; and 2. Determine the different types of cells and their functions 3. appreciate the complexity and diversity of cells by expressing curiosity about the different types of cells  At the end of this course, the learners are expected to:

16. Cells fall into one of two broad categories: prokaryotic and eukaryotic. The single-celled organisms of the domains Bacteria and Archaea are classified as prokaryotes (pro = before; karyon– = nucleus). Animal cells, plant cells, fungi, and protists are eukaryotes ( eu = true). introduction

17. PROKARYOTIC CELL . It is a simple and single-celled organism that lack of nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. The DNA of the prokaryotes organism is found in a central region of the cell called NUCLEOID . Typical prokaryotic cells range from 0.1 to 5.0 μm in diameter

18. PROKARYOTIC CELL This can be compared to a studio-type of a condominium unit because of the lack of compartments. Prokaryotic organisms are metabolically diverse because they can utilize different nutrients and energy sources and they can inhabit all types of environment on Earth.

19. Prokaryotic Cells: Structure, Function, and Definition (thoughtco.com) PROKARYOTIC CELL: BACTERIAL CELL

20. STREPTOCOCCUS (strep) Group A strep causes a sore throat, red throat. Group B Strep is a bacterium that is found in the bowel, genital tract, urinary tract, throat, or respiratory tract of some adults. Many people carry GBS in their bodies but do not become ill. GBS can cause mild disease in adults, such as urinary tract infections (bladder infections)

21. Escherichia coli   (abbreviated as  E. coli ) are bacteria found in the environment, foods, and intestines of people and animals. E. coli are a large and diverse group of bacteria. Although most strains of E. coli are harmless, others can make you sick. Some kinds of E. coli can cause diarrhea, while others cause urinary tract infections, respiratory illness and pneumonia, and other illnesses

22. EUKARYOTIC CELL . . The word eukaryotic means “true kernel” or “true nucleus,” alluding to the presence of the membrane-bound nucleus in these cells The eukaryotic cell has a nuclear membrane that surrounds the nucleus, in which the well-defined chromosomes or bodies containing the hereditary material are located.  This also contains organelles. Organelles  are small, specialized structures in cells which operate like organs by carrying out specific tasks.

23. EUKARYOTIC CELL This is comparable to a mansion which has several rooms or compartments. Domain Eukarya which includes protists , fungi, plants, and animals are examples of eukaryotes.

24. What is a Plant Cell? - Answered - Twinkl teaching Wiki EUKARYOTIC CELL

25. Distinguish Features of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cell

26. Continued… 1. Presence of the nucleus The genetic material is enclosed in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the nucleoid region of prokaryotes. 2. Cell wall and cell membrane present in most eukaryotic cells (these are not found in animals and most protists ) and Cell wall is either made up of cellulose as in plants and chitin in fungi.  present in almost all prokaryotic cells and Cell wall is made up of peptidoglycan.   The sterols that are present in the cell membrane are cholesterol (animals), phytosterol (plants) and ergosterol (fungi).  They do not have sterols in the cell membrane but have a sterol-like lipid component called hopanoid .

27. Continued… 3. Endomembrane and other organelles Endomembrane system include the rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosome , endosome , and vacuole. It is present in eukaryotic cells, but not in prokaryotic cells. 4. Ribosome Ribosome can be found in the cytoplasm, outer nuclear membrane, rough endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrion, and chloroplast in eukaryotes. all ribosome of prokaryotic cell are found in the cytoplasm.

28. Distinguishing Features of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cell

29. Continued… 5. Shape of DNA In eukaryotes, it has one covalent, closed, circular DNA  prokaryotes have more than one linear DNA with histone . 6. Number of Chromosomes Eukaryote has more than one chromosome so histones are essential in packaging DNA into nucleosomes and helping it to condense into chromatin most prokaryotes have only one chromosome and an extrachromosomal DNA called a plasmid

30. Continued… 7. Mode of Reproduction In eukaryotic cells, individual cells reproduce through mitosis and meiosis most prokaryotic cells reproduce through binary fission and some reproduce through spores. 8. DNA Replication Eukaryotic cells have multiple points of origin and use unidirectional replication within the nucleus. 

31. Continued… In prokaryotes, DNA replication occurs in two opposing directions at the same time in the cytoplasm. Prokaryotes continuously replicate their short DNA.

32. Continued… 9. Transcription and Translation In eukaryotes, the transcription occurs in the nucleus and in prokaryotes, the translation occurs in the cytoplasm. In prokaryotes, transcription and translation can be done at the same time in the cytoplasm

33. if NO 1/4 TANONG !

34. Love Time Title: Bacterial Culture Objective: This instructional guide will walk you through the process of culturing bacteria, allowing you to grow and study bacterial colonies in a controlled laboratory environment. LAB

35. Types of Cells on Earth All cells on Earth can be classified as either prokaryotic cells or eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotic organisms may be multicellular or unicellular , but prokaryotes are always unicellular organisms.

36. Types of Cells on Earth

37. Types of Eukaryotic Cells ANIMAL CELL the basic building blocks that make up all animals

38. Types of Eukaryotic Cells ANIMAL CELL the four main function of the animals cell are to get food and oxygen, maintain internal conditions stable, to move and reproduce.

39. Types of Eukaryotic Cells 2. 2. PLANT CELL the basic building blocks that make up all animals

40. Types of Eukaryotic Cells 2. 2. PLANT CELL Photosynthesis is the major function performed by plant cells.