Propagation and role of ferns in landscaping .pptx

Ferns - Its Propagation - and its maintenance

1. Introduction to Ferns Name : k.lavanya Register no : 22164110 Course : 22EOPT41 LANDSCAPING 3(2+1) Vels Institute Of Science Technology And Advance Studies (VISTAS)

2. Propagation Methods 1 Spore Germination Spores are tiny reproductive cells that are released from the underside of mature fern fronds. Spore germination requires specific conditions of moisture and temperature, and can take weeks to months. It's a slow and meticulous process. 2 Rhizome Division Rhizomes are underground stems that produce new fronds and roots. Rhizome division is a simple and effective way to propagate ferns, as it produces genetically identical plants to the parent. 3 Tissue Culture Tissue culture is a more advanced method of propagation that involves growing new fern plants from small pieces of tissue in a sterile environment. It's an efficient way to mass-produce ferns.

3. Spore Germination 1 Spore Release Mature ferns produce spores on the underside of their fronds. The spores are dispersed by wind or water. 2 Spore Germination Spores germinate in moist environments. They grow into a small, heart-shaped gametophyte. 3 Fern Development The gametophyte produces sperm and egg cells, which fuse to form a zygote. The zygote develops into a new fern plant.

4. Rhizome Division Preparation Choose a healthy, mature fern plant. Select a rhizome section with at least one or two new fronds. Division Carefully cut the rhizome into sections using a sharp knife. Ensure each section has at least one growing point. Planting Plant each rhizome section in a pot or in the garden, ensuring the growing points are facing upwards. Water well.

5. Tissue Culture Sterilization The process starts by sterilizing both the tissue and the environment to prevent contamination. Tissue Preparation Small pieces of fern tissue are removed from the parent plant and sterilized. Culture Growth The tissue pieces are placed in a growth medium, often containing hormones and nutrients, to encourage growth. Plant Development After weeks or months, the tissue cultures develop into small fern plants, ready for transplanting.

6. Ferns in Landscaping Visual Interest Ferns add texture and variety to landscapes, especially in shady areas. They create a soft and natural look. Ground Cover Ferns can be used as ground cover in shady areas, helping to suppress weeds and prevent soil erosion. Water Features Ferns thrive near water features, creating a lush and inviting atmosphere. They also help to filter water and reduce pollution. Accent Plants Ferns can be used as accent plants in borders or containers, adding a touch of elegance and refinement to a space.

7. Fern Varieties for Different Environments Environment Fern Variety Features Shady Forests Lady Fern (Athyrium filix-femina) Delicate, lacy fronds, prefers moist, shady conditions. Moist Woods Cinnamon Fern (Osmunda cinnamomea) Large, brown fertile fronds, prefers moist, slightly acidic soils. Water Features Royal Fern (Osmunda regalis) Large, upright fronds, thrives in moist, boggy areas. Dry, Rocky Areas Bracken Fern (Pteridium aquilinum) Large, coarse fronds, tolerant of dry, sandy conditions.

8. Maintenance and Care of Ferns in Landscapes Watering Ferns prefer moist soil, especially during the dry season. Water deeply and consistently. Fertilizing Fertilize ferns in spring and early summer to promote healthy growth. Use a balanced fertilizer. Pruning Remove dead or damaged fronds to encourage new growth and maintain a tidy appearance. Shade Most ferns prefer shady locations. Protect them from intense sunlight.

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