PROPERTIES OF SOLID for science project in senior highschool grade 12

properties of solids

1. PROPERTIES

2. A solid is a state of matter
which has a fixed shape and
volume. It is characterized by
particles that are closely
packed together in a regular
arrangement.
WHAT IS
A SOLID?

3. CLASSIFYING
SOLIDS:
Arrangement of Particles:
1
Bonds that hold them
together.(i.e. Ionic, covalent) 2
Solids can be classified
according to :
Amorphous solids – particles arrangements
lack order (rubber & glass)
Crystalline solids – organized particle
arrangements and as a result a distinct shape

4. Properties of solids depend on
the forces between particles.
4 Types of Solids
1. Ionic (cation and anion)
2. Metallic (metals)
3. Molecular (nonmetals)
4. Covalent Network (metalloid/carbon)
PROPERTIES OF SOLIDS:

5. IONIC CRYSTALS:
HIGH MELTING POINT
HARD, BRITTLE
HIGH SOLUBILITY IN WATER
ELECTROLYTES (IN
SOLUTION)
PROPERTIES
a unique structure created when two
ions electrically attract to one another.

6. METALLIC CRYSTALS:
CRYSTALLINE
HARD & DENSE
LUSTROUS
MALLEABLE, DUCTILE
CONDUCTS ELECTRICITY
CONDUCTS HEAT
PROPERTIES
Positive nuclei surrounded by loosely
held valence electrons (metals have
low ionization energies)
Creates a delocalized “sea” of
valence electrons

7. MOLECULAR CRYSTALS:
SOFT
LOW MELTING POINT
NONELECTROLYTES
PROPERTIES
are substances that have relatively
weak intermolecular binding.

8. COVALENT NETWORK
CRYSTALS:
VERY HARD AND
BRITTLE
VERY HIGH MELTING
POINTS
NONELECTROLYTES
PROPERTIES
a substance with a continuous network
of covalently bonded atoms
Carbon forms several allotropes
(different forms) of network solids.

9. THANKS FOR