Protected cultivation, importance &; scope, status in india

IMPORTANCE & SCOPE OF PROTECTED CULTIVATION IN INDIA

1. Protected cultivation- EC-24 (2+1) PRESENTED BY: RAKESH KUMAR PATTNAIK Asst. Prof. Horticulture MITS INSTITUTE OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES

2. Lecture 1: Protected cultivation-Importance and scope, status of protected cultivation in India and World Protected cultivation practices can be defined as a cropping technique wherein the micro climate surrounding the plant body is controlled partially or fully as per the requirement of the vegetable /flower species grown during their period of growth. It ensures: Conservation of soil moisture Efficient use of solar energy

3. Importance of Protected cultivation: 1.Crop is protected from cold, wind, storm, rain and frost. 2.Due to controlled conditions there is better germination, plant growth and crops mature faster. 3.Improved quality & quantity of produce with long shelf life. 4.Use of water is optimized and there is reduction in its consumption by 40-50%. 5.Effective utilization of inputs 6.Incidence of disease and pests is reduced or eliminated.

4. 7.Crops can be grown throughout the year. 8.Best technology for commercial production of high value crops like flowers, medicinal plants, etc. 9.Can be used for solar drying of farm produce. 10.Involvement of labor force can be reduced. 11.Crop cultivation under inclement climatic conditions. 12.Certain crops cultivated year round to meet the market demands. 13.High value and high quality, even organic, crops grown for export markets

5. 14.Income from small land holdings increased several fold. 15.Successful nurseries from seeds or by vegetative propagation prepared as and when necessary. 16.More Self-employment opportunities for educated youth on farm. 17.Manipulation of microclimate and insect proof feature of the greenhouse for plant breeding and, thus, the evolution of new varieties and production of seeds.

6. Scope of protected cultivation in India: 1.Cultivation in problematic agro -climate: 2.Greenhouses around big cities: 3.Export of horticultural produce: 4.Greenhouses for plant propagation: 5.Greenhouse technology for biotechnology : 6.Greenhouse for cultivation of rare and medicinal plants:

7. Status of protected cultivation In World: Estimated 405,000 ha of greenhouses spread over all the continents. There are more than 55 countries now in the world where cultivation of crops is undertaken on a commercial scale under cover, and it is continuously growing at a fast rate internationally. In India, protected cultivation technology for commercial production is hardly three decades old(DRDO). In developed countries viz., Japan, Holland, Russia, UK, China and others, it is about two century old. China started protected cultivation in 1990's and today the area under protected cultivation in China is more than 2.5 m ha and 90 per cent area is under vegetables.

8. Status of protected cultivation In India: Indo-Israel project on greenhouse cultivation, initiated at the New Delhi-based Indian Agricultural Research Institute(IARI)in 1998. However, the Israeli experts left India in 2003 at the end of this five-year project, IARI continued to maintain the facility, calling it the Centre for Protected Cultivation Technology (CPCT).

9. The area under greenhouse cultivation reported by the end of 20th century was about 110 ha in India and world over 275. 000 hectare. During last decade this area must have increased by 10 per cent if not more. Presently total area covered under protected cultivation in our country is approx.. 30,000 ha. Leading states area under protected cultivation are MH, KT, HP, & N-E STATES, UK, TN, & Punjab. The major crop grown in the protected cultivation are tomato, capsicum, melons, rose, gerbera, carnation, and chrysanthemum.