psycho social approach

social work

1. PSYCHOSOCIAL APPROACH IN SOCIAL CASE WORK

2. PSYCHOSOCIAL APPROACH The psychosocial approach looks at individuals in the context of the combined influence that psychological factors and the surrounding social environment have on their physical and mental wellness and their ability to function. This approach is used in a broad range of helping professions in health and social care settings. People may not be fully aware of the relationship between their mental and emotional wellbeing and the environment .

3. Continue…. Psychosocial approach first commonly used by psychologist Erik Erikson in his description of the stages of psychosocial development. In 1941 G ordon H amilton renamed the 1917 concept of “social diagnosis’’ as “psychosocial study”. Psychosocial study was further developed by Hollis in 1946 with emphasis in treatment model.

4. Assessment/ Diagnosis Psychosocial approach believes that diagnosis is essential because it gives a realistic basis for differentiation on the basis of collected data. Case worker access nature of client’s trouble and its contributing factors, that is identify the area where changes are needed in his behaviour .

5. Treatment objective The ultimate objective of using the psychosocial approach is to alleviate the client’s distress and to decrease malfunctioning in the person- situation system To achieve this objective the case worker’s job is to enhance the adaptive capacity and social functioning of the client.

6. Treatment process In the treatment process case worker uses the techniques of environmental modification. He helps the client to locate the place or agency for help. He mediates between the client and resources. Direct treatment is also provided for the ventilation of clients. Ego , support, interpretation and counseling are the techniques are the techniques used to establish rapport with the client.

7. Psychosocial Techniques PROBLEMS: GOALS: Which can be intra-psychic, interpersonal or environmental , the ‘cause’ of a problem the way? Is seen as important. Which are to understand and change the person, the situation or both: that is direct and indirect intervention

8. Continue….. The client’s role: The worker’s role: Which is some what passive, a patient role almost. Which is to study, diagnose and treat the ‘person-in-situation’ whole.

9. FRAME WORK FOR UNDERSTANDING THE PSYCHOSOCIAL APPROACH The theoretical base for psychosocial work is Freudian personality theory, with an emphasis on the ego’s capacity for adaptation and problem solving. Basic to the psychosocial approach is knowledge of psychosexual development. According to the psycho analytic view, the personality consists of three systems:

10. Continue….. 1. Id 2. Ego 3. Super ego Which interact dynamically both with each other an with the environment, that is, the individuals living situation Ego strengths are not a fixed condition but an ever changing capacity to cope with frustration, control impulse make mature relationships and use defense mechanisms approximately. In general, an individual’s age, capacity to work through early traumas and the intensity of pressure all affect the ego functioning.

11. Continue… Many of the situation deal with in social work can involve challenges to how a person sees her/him self and or involve loss, of identity, freedom, and so on. In these situations individuals might not desire self-awareness or couldn’t cope with it. Assessing ego strength assists in understanding how motivated or reluctant the person is likely to be, how much change they can tolerate and what kind of relationships is likely to develop.

12. THE PSYCHOSOCIAL APPROACH AS A METHOD OF UNDERSTANDING A psychosocial approach takes in to account that people have both inner world and outer realities but the way we perceive the world sometimes differs from the way others see it. This is the often described as the ‘person in situation’ or the person in their environment’ (the psychosocial). The psychosocial approach helps to develop a healthy questioning of the obvious, an open mind, imagination and knowledge of personality functioning, human behavior and emotional suffering are fundamental.

13. Continue… The psychosocial approach is less a system of therapy and more an approach to understanding.