Psychological Statistics Chapter 1

Intro to Stats for the Behavioral Sciences

1. Introduction to Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences

2. Statistics It the practice or science of collecting and analyzing numerical data in large quantities, especially for the purpose of inferring proportions in a whole from those in a representative sample.

3. Statistics

4. Statistics

5. Sampling Techniques Random Sampling – every member of a population has an equal chance of being selected. Systematic Sampling – taking the nth element from a given list. Stratified Sampling – division according to categories Cluster Sampling – the population is divided into clusters where samples are extracted.

6. Sampling Techniques Non-random Sampling – recruitment of participants occur all of a sudden as the researcher may ought them to be useful despite of being unable to generalize the results found from such sample Convenience Sampling – direct selection of participants until the desirable amount is reached by the researcher Quota Sampling – similar to convenience sampling, but it ensures equal representativeness. Snowball Sampling – a sampling based on recommendations. Purposive Sampling – a sampling based on the knowledge of a given population and the research objective. Self-selected Sampling – a sampling based on the desire of the people to identify themselves with the population being studied.

7. Variables It is any observation of a physical, attitudinal, or behavioral characteristic that can take on different values

8. Variables

9. Variables and Research

10. Levels of Measurement