Psychology-Body Scheme Disturbances

Body Scheme Disturbances & Specific Manifestations of Body Scheme
Disturbances

1. Body Scheme Disturbances Anu Mary Kalliath Assistant Professor Department of Psychology St. Mary’s College Thrissur-680020 Kerala

2. Clinical Neuropsychology,Anu Mary Kalliath,St.Mary’s College Body Scheme Definitions Knowledge of one's body parts and their relative positions. Representations of the spatial relations among the parts of the body (Zoltan, 1996) Body Scheme Disturbances Lack of Knowledge of one's body parts and their relative positions. It occurs typically after damage to the parietal lobe, particularly its inferior part.

3. Clinical Neuropsychology,Anu Mary Kalliath,St.Mary’s College Specific Manifestations of Body Scheme Disturbances Autotopagnosia : an inability to identify body parts, either on one’s self, on the examiner or on a human picture. Finger Agnosia: a loss of the ability to name, distinguish or recognize fingers either on one’s self, on the examiner or on a human picture. Right Left disorientation: the inability to identify left and right sides of one’s own body, and to identify the right and left sides of a person seated opposite or in a photo or a drawing.

4. Clinical Neuropsychology,Anu Mary Kalliath,St.Mary’s College Autotopagnosia Lesions in the left frontal opercular and anterior/inferior parietal opercular cortices results in impaired naming of body parts. Assessment Production Tests Comprehension Tests Non Verbal Tests Name own body parts Point to own named body parts Odd one out Name examiner’s body parts Point to examiner’s named body parts Name isolated body parts Word – picture matching

5. Clinical Neuropsychology,Anu Mary Kalliath,St.Mary’s College Finger Agnosia It is a finger localization deficit, where the individual is typically able to use fingers for everyday life activities. A bilateral condition in which both hands are affected and most pronounced on examination of the middle three fingers. Neural correlate of finger agnosia is the left parietal-occipital dysfunction. It is also due to an impairment of language function, in which the patient has lost the ability to handle the symbols that related to the fingers (Benton, 1959).

6. Clinical Neuropsychology,Anu Mary Kalliath,St.Mary’s College Finger Agnosia Continues… Assessment Non verbal finger recognition Identification of named fingers on examiner’s hand Verbal identification of finger on self and examiner

7. Clinical Neuropsychology,Anu Mary Kalliath,St.Mary’s College Right – Left Disorientation (RLD ) Common neural correlate to RLD is the left parietal dysfunction Some degree of right- left confusion is common in normal adults. Left handed females show greater RL error (Harris & Gitterman,1978) Patients with right parietal-temporal-occipital lesions were impaired at making RL judgments about inverted figures (Ratcliff, 1979). Right hemisphere damage contributes to RLD especially in imitating tasks.

8. Clinical Neuropsychology,Anu Mary Kalliath,St.Mary’s College RLD Assessment Right-Left Orientation Test (RLOT) Orientation toward one’s own body Orientation toward one’s own body without visual guidance Orientation toward confronting examiner or picture Combined Orientation toward one’s own body and confronting person

9. Clinical Neuropsychology,Anu Mary Kalliath,St.Mary’s College RLD Assessment Continues… Standardized Road- Map Test Of Direction Sense A test or right - left orientation in extrapersonal space. On an unmarked road map, the examiner draws a dotted pathway and the subject is asked to tell the direction either right or left at each turn.

10. Clinical Neuropsychology,Anu Mary Kalliath,St.Mary’s College RLD Assessment Continues… Laterality Discrimination Test A speeded task of laterality judgment and spatial perception The subject is shown a card that consist of line drawings of body parts, and has to judge whether the picture is a right or left body part.