PSYCHOLOGY PPT PRESENTATION ON VARIOUS MOTIVES

ABOUT PYSCHOLOGICAL MOTIVES

1. Types of motives BY : RUDRAKSHI PANDEY

2. WHAT IS MOTIVES? OR CONCEPT OF MOTIVATION

3. The concept of motivation focuses on the explanation of the causes of behaviour . The term motivation has been derived from the Latin word ‘movere’, which refers to the movement of activity. The everyday behaviour is explained in terms of motives. For instance, earning money is the motive behind going to work. Though there can be other reasons too. Similarly, the motive behind attending school/college is getting good education or acquiring a degree so that one can get a good job. Motivation also makes prediction about behaviour , and thus it is one of the determinants of behaviour .

4. TWO TYPES OF MOTIVES 4

5. BIOLOGICAL MOTIVES They are present from birth and are universal in nature. Its main focus is on innate, biological causes of motivation like hormones, neurotransmitters, and brain structures(Limbic System, Hypothalamus). Some examples of biological motives are mentioned below: HUNGER THIRST SEX 5

6. HUNGER - Changes in the metabolic functions of the liver lead to a feeling of hunger. The liver sends signals to the hypothalamus and the two regions involved in hunger are the Lateral Hypothalamus and Ventromedial Hypothalamus the first region’s stimulation causes hunger and the second region inhibits hunger. 6

7. THIRST Drinking water is necessary to wet a dry mouth and along with dry mouth, it is the body processes within which leads to a feeling of thirst. Motivation to drink water is mainly triggered by conditions such as loss of water from cells, reduction of blood volume and the anterior hypothalamus containing nerve cells called osmoreceptors which generate nerve impulses in case of cell dehydration. 7

8. SEX Motivation to engage in sexual activity is a very strong factor influencing human behaviour.sex is far more than a biological motive. It is different from other primary motives in many ways like: 1. sexual activity is not necessary for an individual survival 2. homeostasis (the tendency of the organism as a whole to maintain constancy or to attempt to restore equilibrium if constancy is disturbed) is not the goal of sexual activity 3. sex drive develops with age, etc. 8

9. PSYCHOSOCIAL MOTIVES They evolve with age and are influenced by culture. Its main focus is on psychological, social, and environmental factors and how these factors interact with one another which leads to a feeling of motivation. Examples include the need for achievement, affiliation, power, etc. NEED FOR AFFLIATION NEED FOR POWER NEED FOR ACHIEVMENT 9 9

10. NEED FOR AFFILIATION 1.Seeking other human beings and wanting to develop a close relationship with them is termed affiliation. 2. who are high on this need, to develop friendly relations with others and have the urge to be a part of all the social groups. 10

11. NEED FOR POWER Need for power is an ability of a person to produce intended effects on the behaviour and emotions of another person. The various goals of power motivation are to influence, control, persuade, lead, and charm others and most importantly to enhance one's own reputation in the eyes of other people. DAVID McCLELLAND describe 4 general ways of expression of the power motive 1. PEOPLE TO GAIN FEELING AND POWER FROM OUTSIDE SOURCES 2. POWER CAN ALSO BE FELT FROM SOURCES WITHIN US 3. PEOPLE DO THINGS AS INDIVIDUALS TO HAVE AN IMPACT ON OTHERS 4. PEOPLE DO THINGS AS MEMBER OF ORGANISATION TO HAVE AN IMPACT ON OTHERS METRIC MEASUREMENT TARGET ACTUAL Audience attendance # of attendees 150 120 Engagement duration Min 60 75 Q&A interaction # of questions 10 15 Positive feedback Percentage (%) 90 95 Rate of information retention Percentage (%) 80 85

12. NEED FOR ACHIEVEMENT NEED FOR ACHIEVMENT ALSO KNOWN AS n-ACH 1.This need refers to the desire of a person to meet standards of excellence 2. IT energizes and directs behaviour as well as influences our perception of the situations we face. 3. During the formative years of social development, children acquire achievement motivation. The sources from which they learn it, include parents, other role models, and socio-cultural influences 12

13. CURIOSITY AND EXPLORATION The tendency to seek for a novel experience, gain pleasure by obtaining Information, etc , are signs of curiosity. Hence, curiosity describes behaviour whose primary motive appears to remain in the activities themselves. WHEN WHAT IF ? QUESTION APPEARS We are driven to explore the environment by our curiosity and our need for sensory stimulation. 13

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