Psychology Project - Annual Term ppt .pdf

psychology ppt

1. PSYCHOLOGY
PROJECT
Name – Shravya Thakur
Class – XI Section –A(science)
Roll number-44

2. TOPIC- GENERAL PROBLEM ON
MEMORY

3. Index
Serial
Number
Contents Slide
Number
1) Acknowledgement 4
2) Aim and basic
concept
5
3) Method 6
4) Procedure and
materials required
7
5) Precautions and
instructions
8
6) Treatment of data 9-11
7) Result & discussion 12-13
8) Conclusion 13

4. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude to my
Psychology teacher for her able guidance and support in
completing my project.
I would also like to extend my gratitude to the Principal
ma’am and Vice Principal ma’am for providing me with all the
facility that was required.
DATE: SHRAVYA THAKUR
23/01/23 11
th
“science” ‘A’

5. ◦Aim or Specific problem: The aim of our present
study is to find out the effect of interference,primacy and
recency effect on the memory of the subjects.
◦Basic Concept: The capacity to retain and later retrieve
information is called memory. Memory involves the process of
encoding,storage and retrieval. The influence of interference
was first studied by Hermann Ebbinghaus in 1885. Interference
between items of information stored in memory can result in
forgetting. There are two types of interferences:
1. Retroactive interference
2. Proactive interference

6. ◦In Retroactive interference, later learning interferes with former
learning. In proactive interference,former learning interferes with
later learning.
◦Recency effect means when one remembers the last few words
in a list and primacy effect means when one remembers the first
few words in a list .
◦Method:
Number of sample- 2
Name of the subjects- 1)-Krish Lal
2)-Prashant Chauhan
Age of the subjects - 1)-17 years
2)-17 years
Gender of the subjects-1)-Male
2)-Male

7. ◦Procedure: Three lists A,B and C containing nonsense Syllables
were made. The subject was asked to learn list A and immediately
after learning list A ,he was made to learn list B. After learning List B ,he
was made to recall list A . This was done in order to see the effect of
retroactive interference on memory.
Then the subject was shown list C . He was asked to recall List C
immediately. This was done to see how many words he could
remember at the beginning and at the end of the list. The same
procedure was repeated for the second subject.
◦Materials Required:
1)Three lists containing non- sense syllables
2)Four paper fans
3)Paper
4)Paper cutter
5)Scale
6)Pencil/pen

8. ◦Precautions:Care was taken to prepare the lists containing
nonsense syllables properly.
◦Instructions : “Please sit comfortably. I will show you some lists
containing words which are nonsense syllables. You will have to
remember them and recall them whenever necessary. In case of any
difficulty , please inform me.”

9. Treatment of data:
◦Table 1 Retroactive
inhibition
(Subject-1)
Primary and
Recency effect
(Subject -1)
Number of words
remembered from List A
after learning List B is 5
Number of words
remembered in the
beginning of List C is 4
Number of words
remembered at the end
of List C is 3
(Subject -2)
Number of words
remembered from List A
after learning List B is 6
(Subject -2)
Number of words
remembered in the
beginning of List C is 5
Number of words
remembered at the end
of List C is 2

10. Treatment of data : (Lists)

11. Treatment of data: Trial fans for
subject 1 and 2 and window slit

12. Result and Discussion
◦Subject 1
After the Retroactive inhibiton experiments done on my subjects , we can say
that Table 1, my subject Krish Lal ,was able to remember 5 words from list A after
learning list B. This shows that my subject has undergone Retroactive inhibition
because the learning of list B had an effect on the learning of List A.
After the Primacy and Recency effect experiment done on my subjects,we can
say from table 1 that my subject Krish Lal,was able to remember 4 words in the
beginning and è words at the end of List C . This was due to primacy and
recency effect.
◦ Subject 2
After the retroactive inhibition experiments done on my subjects,we can say that
from Table 1,my second subject, Prashant Chauhan,was able to remember 6
words from List A after learning list B.

13. ◦This shows that my subject has undergone Retroactive inhibition because
the learning of List B had interfered with the learning of List A.
After the Primary and Reency effect experiment done on my second
subject, Prashant Chauhan,he was able to remember 5 words at the
beginning and 2 words at the end of List C . This was due to the effect of
primacy and recency.
◦Conclusion :
Thus it can be concluded that there was an effect of Retroactive
Inhibition, Primacy and Recency effect on the memory of my Subjects.