psychosis

Microteaching Slides for the intoduction and Basics

1. PSYCHOSIS

2. CONTENTS CAUSES TYPES OF PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS DIAGNOSING PSYCHOSIS TREATMENT REFRENCE 3

3. DEFINATION Psychosis refers to an abnormal condition of the mind described as involving a “loss of contact with reality ”. I.e., Detachment with reality People experiencing psychosis may exhibit some personality changes and thought disorder.

4. Depending on its severity this may be accompanied by unusual and bizzare behaviour . With difficulty in social interaction and impairment in carrying daily activities. 5

5. CAUSES Genetics Trauma Psychiatric disorder Medical conditions Psychoactive drugs (alcohol etc...) Medication

6. SECONDARY CAUSES Brain  tumor  or cyst Dementia - Alzheimer's disease. Neurological illness - such as Parkinson‘s disease and Huntington's disease HIV and other infections that can affect the brain Epilepsy Stroke 7

7. TYPES OF PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS SCHIZOPHRENIA BIPOLAR DISORDER PSYCHOTIC DEPRESSION SCHIZOAFFECTIVE DISORDER DRUG INDUCED PSYCHOSIS PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS NOT ELSEWHERE CLASSIFIED

8. INITIAL SYMPTOMS Feelings of suspicion General anxiety Distorted perceptions Depression Obsessive thinking Sleep problems 9

9. MAIN SYMPTOMs Hallucinations  - hearing, seeing, or feeling things that do not exist Delusions  - false beliefs, especially based on fear or suspicion of things that are not real Disorganization  - in thought, speech, or behaviour. 10

10. Disordered thinking  - jumping between unrelated topics, making strange connections between thoughts Catatonia  - unresponsiveness Difficulty concentrating 11

11. DIAGNOSING PSYCHOSIS Early diagnosis of psychosis improves long-term outcomes. This is not always achieved, however, the milder forms of psychosis that can lead to schizophrenia are left untreated for an average of 2 years, and even full psychosis can take a number of years before it receives the attention of medical professionals . 12

12. To increase the chances of early detection, guidance for healthcare systems drawn up by psychiatrists recommend that the " possibility of a psychotic disorder should be carefully considered " in a young person who is: Becoming more socially withdrawn 13

13. Performing worse for a sustained period at school or work, or Becoming more distressed or agitated yet unable to explain why. 14

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15. TREATMENT Antipsychotics Psychotherapy Cognitive behavioural therapy Homoepathy management 16

16. CONCLUSION PSYCHOSIS - DETACHMENT WITH REALITY MAIN SYMPTOMS: HALLUCINATIONS DELUSIONS DISORGANIZATION   DISORDERED THINKIN DIFFICULTY CONCENTRATING 17

17. REFRENCES Icd 10 – classification of mental and behavioural disorders Fish’s clinical psychopatholgy Essentials of psychiatry by m.S bhatia Davidson’s principles and practice of medicne (21 st edition) 18

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