publication misconduct and their form.pptx

This presentation briefly describe on publication misconduct in research

1. Publication Misconduct Rajiv Ranjan Mishra Research Scholar DLIS BBAU LUCKNOW

2. Table of Contents Introduction Definition Types of Publication Misconduct Plagiarism Fabrication Falsification Conflicts of author Salami slicing Duplicate publication Identifying publication

3. Plagiarism Plagiarism means representing someone else's work or ideas as your own by incorporating them into your own work without their full credit, with or without their consent. Plagiarism is often called literary theft. It means using other people's work (ideas, text, data, images, illustrations, diagrams, processes, results, etc.) without citing the original source. It is also called stealing the words or works of others and publishing them as your own original work. IPR violations are called plagiarism for using someone else's copyrighted work. (a) without the prior permission of the copyright owner; (b) without giving due credit to the work; (c) without citing the work in full; (d) Do not quote the text of the copyrighted work and do not cite the source.

4. Fabrication Fabrication is the act of making something up, creating false information, or faking data or objects. It spans various fields and has significant implications, particularly in contexts where truth and accuracy are critical. Fabrication, on the other hand, is more about making up research results and data, and reporting them as true. Fabrication is the construction and/or addition of data, observations, or characterizations that never occurred in the gathering of data or running of experiments. Fabrication can occur when “filling out” the rest of experiment runs, for example. Claims about results need to be made on complete data sets (as is normally assumed), where claims made based on incomplete or assumed results is a form of fabrication.

5. Falsification Falsification is when study findings (data) are altered or left out in order to support statements, theories, other facts, etc. Manipulating research tools, materials, or procedures is one type of falsification. Falsification essentially involves manipulating or changing data, research materials, processes, equipment and, of course, results. This can include altering data or results in a way where the research is not accurate. Data falsification in library science involves the deliberate alteration, fabrication, or misrepresentation of data related to library operations, research, or information services. This unethical practice can significantly impact the integrity of research, the reliability of library metrics, and the trustworthiness of information resources.

6. Salami Slicing Salami slicing, often referred to as "slice and dice," is a publishing strategy where researchers break down their work into smaller units, publishing each part as individual papers. While aiming to maximize publications, it prompts concerns about potential research fragmentation .

7. Duplicate Publication Duplicate submission/multiple submissions refers to practice of submitting the same manuscript or several manuscripts with minor differences (e.g., differences only in title, keywords, abstract, author order, author affiliations, or a small amount of text) to two or more journals at the same time, or submitting to another journal within an agreed or stipulated period.

8. Overlapping Publication Overlapping publication refers to the practice of publishing a paper overlaps substantially with one already published. Any publication that is published with the same text, data, materials and methods with the same set of author/s can be called an overlapping of information. It is an exact duplication of the originally published/submitted/under review manuscript.

9. Conflict of Interest Conflicts of interest in research are situations where professional objectivity may be compromised, or perceived to be compromised, because of competing financial, personal, or professional connections or personal values and stands. It is quite common to see some type of conflict of interest in research and academic publishing.

10. Authorship Conflict Inappropriately assigning authorship, including the inclusion of authors who have not made a significant contribution to the research or the exclusion of individuals who have. improper assignment of credit, such as excluding others, misrepresentation of the same material as original in more than one publication, inclusion of individuals as authors who have not made a definite contribution to the work published or submission of multi-authored publications without the concurrence of all authors.

11. Fraudulent authorship Fraudulent authorship and misrepresentation are forms of misconduct. The following scenarios are examples: Ghost authorship : when someone who actively participated in the research, and who meets the authorship criteria, is not included in the author list. Guest authorship : when researchers (typically those who are senior) are included in the author list because of their respect or influence, in the hope that this will increase the likelihood of publication and/or impact once the paper has been published. Gift authorship : when an individual who did not contribute to the manuscript is listed as an author, perhaps to reward a collaborator, return a favor, or for some other personal or financial gain.

12. Process for Addressing Allegations of Publications Misconduct To be actionable, allegations of misconduct should be sent in writing (see Report a Concern). Investigations of allegations will begin promptly and proceed as expeditiously as possible. Strict standards of confidentiality, fairness, and impartiality will be maintained throughout the processes of investigation and resolution. All aspects of an investigation must be treated confidentially throughout the investigation process. Processing of a manuscript involved in a case of alleged author misconduct will be suspended until the relevant case has been resolved. The director of publications will communicate as necessary with the corresponding author of a suspended manuscript to keep the author informed of the status of their submission.

13. Conclusion It can involve a variety of actions that compromise the integrity of the research record, the publication process, or both. Key types of publication misconduct include: Plagiarism: Copying another's work or ideas without proper attribution. Fabrication: Making up data or results and recording or reporting them.

14. References Stretton, S., Bramich , N. J., Keys, J. R., Monk, J. A., Ely, J. A., Haley, C., ... & Woolley, K. L. (2012). Publication misconduct and plagiarism retractions: a systematic, retrospective study. Current medical research and opinion, 28(10), 1575-1583. Marcovitch , H. (2007). Misconduct by researchers and authors.  Gaceta sanitaria ,  21 , 492-499. Peh , W. C. G., & Ng, K. H. (2010). Publication ethics and scientific misconduct.  Singapore Med J ,  51 (12), 908-12.