PUJO.pptx

PUJ obstruction

1. PELVIURETERIC JUNCION OBSTRUCTION (PUJO) Prepared By Dr. Muhammad Idrees Khan PGR IKD HMC

2. Definition Epidemiology and etiology Presentation Investigations Management LEARNING OBJECTIVES

3. What is Pelviureteric Junction Obstruction?

4. Obstruction of the proximal ureter at the junction with renal pelvis resulting in the restriction of urine flow downward is called PUJO. DEFFINITION

5. Mostly in childhood estimated is 1/1000 Boys> Girls --------2:1 Left side > then right side Bilateral PUJO in 10-40% cases Epidemiology

6. Classified into two Congenital Intrinsic Smooth muscle defect results in aperistaltic segment of the ureter at PUJ. It is the primary cause. Extrinsic Due to the aberrant vessels resulting in compression of ureter at PUJ. Its not the primary cause but only contributory. 2. Acquired Stricture at PUJ secondary to ureteric manipulations like .ureteroscopy .trauma from stone passage .fibro epithelial polyps .TCC of the urothelium at PUJ .External compression of the ureter by tumors ETIOLOGY

7. Most infants < 1 Year are asymptomatic. Flank pain precipitated by diuresis. (High fluid intake) mostly in older children. Flank mass Nausea , vomiting Recurrent UTI Hematuria after minor trauma Associated VUR Hydronephrosis communist sign on antenatal U/S (35-40%) PRESENTATION

8. What tests are required to confirm the diagnosis?

9. Blood Tests RFTS, CBC Urine R/E to rule out any infection Radiological investigations include 1. U/S : If Prenatal U/S shows a large TAPD> 15mm or bilateral hydronephrosis. Then f/u renal U/S is done soon after birth. If U/S shows normal bladder then scan is deferred to day 3 and 7. 2 . CT : shows dilated renal pelvis in non dilated ureter. Also demonstrates in any other pathology. 3 . Nuclear scan: this can be done above the age of 4 th to 6 th weeks for definitive diagnosis, splitted renal function and as well as for degree of blockage. 4 . Retrograde pyelography : To establish exact obstruction site. INVESTIGATIONS

10. Do All Cases Of PUJO needs Surgery? NO In the absence of symptoms consider watch full waiting with serial nuclear renal scans. If the functions remain stable and the patient is free of symptoms then no need of surgery. Following are the common indications which needs surgery Presence of symptoms associated with obstruction. Impairment of overall renal function. Progressive impairment Development of stone, infection or hypertension.

11. Commonest surgical procedures is pyeloplasty which may be laproscopic or open with 90 -95% success rate. Different types pyeloplasty includes Anderson –Hynes (Dismembered) ---Most common. Culp- Deweered spiral flap Foley V-Y plasty Scardeno -Prince vertical flap Fenger pyeloplasty.