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1. Lesson 9. 4 Pulley

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3. Manipulate simple machines to describe their characteristics and uses (S6FE-IIIg-i-3) . At the end of this lesson, the given DepEd learning competency should be met by the students.

4. Describe how a pulley works. Enumerate the different kinds of pulley and their characteristics. Cite some examples of the pulley. Demonstrate practical and safe use of pulleys.

5. Have you ever wondered how a flag rises on a pole during the flag ceremony? Or how does a person glide on the cable when he rides on a zip line? The answer is pulley! Pulley, just like a wheel and axle, is a modified lever.

6. It also has three parts—effort, load, and fulcrum. What are the different kinds of pulley and their characteristics?

7. In this lesson, you will learn about pulleys, how it works, and its different classifications.

8. Prepare the following materials in creating a fixed pulley: small straw; large thread spool; scissors; ruler; string; masking tape; and bond paper. Cut out a triangle flaglet. Then, use the straw, thread spool, string to create a flag on a straw pole. Observe how the fixed pulley works when you try to raise the flag. Making a Fixed Pulley

9. A p ulley is a variation of a wheel and axle. Instead of an axle, a rope moves along the wheel with the groove , a long, narrow channel that keeps the rope or cord on the wheel in place. P ulley Pulley

10. One rotation of the wheel makes the rope move up in one direction and down on the other side. It is used to lift the load, put it down, or move sideways. Pulley Pulley

11. Pulley In a pulley, a rope is wrapped around the wheel. When the wheel moves, the rope also moves in either direction. A hook may be attached to the other end of the rope to carry the load.

12. A pulley multiplies the force applied to it. When a pulley is used, the force applied on the rope is multiplied, making the load easier to lift. Pulley The bucket is attached to a pulley to get water from the well.

13. Practical Uses of Pulley crane flagpole sailboat

14. When the other end of the rope is pulled down, the other end, where the load is attached, goes up. This only shows that pulley changes the direction of the force. How Pulley Works The amount of force you apply on the rope of the pulley is equal to the weight of the load.

15. When more pulleys are working together, less effort is applied to the rope to lift the load. However, more pulleys require greater distance in terms of pulling the rope. How Pulley Works

16. How Pulley Works Less force is applied to multiple pulleys, but the rope covers a longer distance than a single pulley.

17. In a fixed pulley , the wheel is attached to an immovable support. Only the rope moves along the grooved wheel, and the wheel remains in its position. Fixed Pulley The pulley used in a flagpole is an example of a fixed pulley.

18. A fixed pulley is a modified first-class lever . The direction of the effort applied is opposite to the direction of the movement of the load. Fixed Pulley The fulcrum in the fixed pulley is between the load and the effort.

19. A movable pulley has a wheel and rope that moves along the load. One end of the rope is attached to a fixed support while the grooved wheel moves along the rope. Movable Pulley Example of a movable pulley

20. The movable pulley acts like a second-class lever . In this pulley, the load moves in the same direction as the effort. Movable Pulley The load in a movable pulley is between the fulcrum and the effort.

21. A compound pulley is also known as a combination pulley because it contains fixed and movable pulleys. This kind of pulley is often used to carry heavy loads. Compound Pulley A compound pulley is a combination of a fixed and a movable pulley which is often used to lift heavy objects.

22. Since it is a combination of fixed and movable pulleys, the weight of the load is distributed on the rope while being lifted or moved. The effort applied in a compound pulley is less than half the weight of the load. Compound Pulley A compound pulley is a combination of a fixed and a movable pulley which is often used to lift heavy objects.

23. Make sure that the machine that has a pulley system is not lifting too much load. The pulley system should be cleaned properly for it to avoid being damaged by rust. Make sure that the rope or chain connected to the pulley system is still in good condition because if it is not, it will not hold any load properly. Safety Tips in Using Pulley

24. A pulley is a variation of a wheel and axle. Instead of an axle, a rope moves along a wheel with a groove , a long, narrow channel that keeps the rope or cord on the wheel in place. Pulleys may be categorized into three types: fixed, movable, and compound. Each type of pulley depends on how the wheels and rope are arranged. In a fixed pulley , the wheel is attached to immovable support.

25. Pulleys may be categorized into three types: fixed, movable, and compound. Each type of pulley depends on how the wheels and rope are arranged. A movable pulley has a wheel and rope that moves along with the load. One end of the rope is attached to fixed support while the grooved wheel moves along the rope. A compound pulley is also known as a combination pulley because it contains a fixed and movable pulley.

26. Read and analyze the following statements given. Tell whether the statement is true or false. Pulleys may be categorized according to how wheels and rope are arranged. A pulley used in a flagpole is an example of a movable pulley. A compound pulley is composed of fixed and movable pulleys.

27. Read and analyze the following statements given. Tell whether the statement is true or false. In a fixed pulley, the amount of force applied to lift an object is greater than the weight of an object. The more grooved wheels and supporting rope are present in a compound pulley, the greater force needs to lift a heavy object.

28. Gega, Peter C. and Peters, Joseph M. 1998. Concepts and Experiences in Elementary School Science . New Jersey: Prentice Hall, Inc., U.S. Handwerker, Mark J. 2004. Science Essentials Elementary Level . New York: Jossey-Bass Inc., U.S. Peters, Joseph M. and Stout, David L. 2011. Science in Elementary Edition, Methods, Concepts, and Inquiries . Boston: Pearson Education, Inc., U.S.