Pyelonephritis presentation at magret marquart Catholic ntc

Inflammation of the parenchyma

1. Presentation Topic: Pyelonephritis Course Tutor: Madam Stella Ofei

2. PYELONEPHRITIS It is the inflammation of the parenchyma and the lining of the renal pelvis of the Kidney.

3. Epidemiology and Risk Factors Host factors: Females with shorter ureter Uncircumcised males. Catherization. Normal urine flow obstruction. Tumors. Pregnancy Strictures Prostatic hypertrophy Renal calculi.

4. Continuation. Diabetes mellitus loss of neurological control example, multiple sclerosis, paraplegia.

5. Microbial Factors Uropathogenic E.coli K. Antigen that help E.coli to be phagocytosis resistance. Hemolysin a membrane damaging toxins

6. Anatomical and functional abnormali Urinary stasis Vesicouteral reflux Neurogenic bladder Urinary dive.

7. Causes Gram negative bacteria Examples, E coli, Proteus Mirabilis, Citrobacter etc Gram positive bacteria, examples: staph. Saprotyphicus, Staph. Epidermidis enterococcus, corynebaceria and lacto bacilli.

8. Clinical features. Low grade fever With or without Lower back or costovertebral angle pain. Nausea Flank pain in severe cases Vomiting High fever in extreme cases. Suppurative destruction of renal tissue

9. Diagnostic Measures. Urine dipstick test Appearance of WBC in urine Nitrate and leucocyte estimation. Urinalysis Urine culture.

10. Treatment Drugs of choice : Ciprofloxacin Ceftriaxone Ampicillin- sulbactam Broad spectrum cephalosporin.

11. Nursing management Advise patient to take plenty water. Asking patient to avoid delay or retention of urine Advise patient to void completely before bedtime. Encourage patient to abide by the antibiotic treatment regime Advise patient to report any signs and symptoms of UTI

12. PYELONEPHRITIS THANK YOU