Q4- SCIENCE 7- WEEK 1_LEARNING COMPETENCY 2.pptx

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1. fourth QUARTER LC 2 - WEEK 1 Matatag curriculum Types of Faults / Active and Inactive Faults/ Fault Lines in the Philippines SCIENCE 7

2. Faults- Types of Faults / Active and Inactive Faults/ Fault Lines in the Philippines CONTENT The learners learn that rapid movements along normal, reverse or strike-slip faults cause earthquakes. LEARNING STANDARD The learners will use models or illustrations to explain how movements along faults generate earthquakes and identify and explain which types of faults are most likely to occur in the Philippines and explain why. LEARNING COMPETENCY

3. By the end of the lesson, the 80 percent of the learners will be able to: Identify the geological fault, Types of Faults, Active and Inactive Faults, Fault Lines in the Philippines. Illustrate how movement along faults generates earthquakes. Acknowledge the relevance of recognizing locations that are safe during earthquakes in the Philippines by answering the reflection of learning. OBJECTIVES

4. I. Activating Prior Knowledge Short Review Direction. Identify the fault being described by the statements by placing them near the picture. I. Activating Prior Knowledge

5. I. Activating Prior Knowledge Short Review Direction. Identify the fault being described by the statements by placing them near the picture. I. Activating Prior Knowledge Angle: Inclined at an angle greater than 45 degrees from the horizontal Angle: Inclined at an angle less than 45 degrees from the horizontal Angle: Nearly vertical with minimal inclination from the horizontal. Direction of Slip: Horizontal motion, where two tectonic plates slide past each other horizontally Direction of Slip: Vertical motion, where hanging wall moves downward relative to the footwall that occurs from tensional tectonic settings. Direction of Slip: Vertical motion, where hanging wall moves upward relative to the footwall that typically form in compressional tectonic settings.

6. I. Activating Prior Knowledge Short Review Direction. Identify the fault being described by the statements by placing them near the picture. I. Activating Prior Knowledge ANSWER KEY Angle: Inclined at an angle less than 45 degrees from the horizontal NORMAL FAULT Direction of Slip: Vertical motion, where hanging wall moves downward relative to the footwall that occurs from tensional tectonic settings.

7. I. Activating Prior Knowledge Short Review Direction. Identify the fault being described by the statements by placing them near the picture. I. Activating Prior Knowledge ANSWER KEY Angle: Inclined at an angle greater than 45 degrees from the horizontal. Reverse Faults (Thrust Faults) Direction of Slip: Vertical motion, where hanging wall moves upward relative to the footwall that typically form in compressional tectonic settings.

8. I. Activating Prior Knowledge Short Review Direction. Identify the fault being described by the statements by placing them near the picture. I. Activating Prior Knowledge ANSWER KEY Angle: Nearly vertical with minimal inclination from the horizontal. Strike-Slip Faults Direction of Slip: Horizontal motion, where two tectonic plates slide past each other horizontally

9. Identify the geological fault, Types of Faults, Active and Inactive Faults, Fault Lines in the Philippines. Illustrate how movement along faults generates earthquakes. Acknowledge the relevance of recognizing locations that are safe during earthquakes in the Philippines by answering the reflection of learning. B. Establishing Purpose of the Lesson 1. LESSON PURPOSE

10. B. Establishing Purpose of the Lesson 2. Unlocking Content Vocabulary: Match Type Activity REVERSE FAULT ACTIVE FAULT INACTIVE FAULT Faults where the hanging wall moves upward relative to the footwall. This is caused by compressional forces pushing the rock together. are those that have experienced movement and displacement in recent geologic time, and have the potential for future earthquakes. are those that have not shown signs of recent movement and are less likely to generate earthquakes. NORMAL FAULT Faults where the hanging wall (upper block) moves downward relative to the footwall (lower block). This is caused by tensional forces pulling the rock apart.

11. C. Developing and Deepening Understanding What is a fault? A fault is a fracture or break in the Earth's crust where the rock on one side of the fracture has moved relative to the rock on the other side. Faults occur when stresses in the Earth's interior cause the rock to crack and move.

12. C. Developing and Deepening Understanding Types of Fault Type of fault: Normal fault Fault Plane Angle: Inclined at an angle less than 45 degrees from the horizontal. Direction of Slip: Vertical motion where the hanging wall moves downward relative to the footwall. This type of faulting occurs in extensional tectonic settings, such as divergent plate boundaries.

13. C. Developing and Deepening Understanding Types of Fault Type of fault: Normal fault Generation of Seismic Activity: Forms in areas undergoing extensional tectonic stress, where the Earth's crust is being pulled apart (divergent movement) forming valleys. As the hanging wall moves downward relative to the footwall, tensional stress builds up along the fault plane. Eventually, the accumulated stress exceeds the strength of the rocks, causing them to rupture and release energy in the form of seismic waves.

14. C. Developing and Deepening Understanding Types of Fault Type of fault: Reverse Faults (Thrust Faults) Fault Plane Angle: Inclined at an angle greater than 45 degrees from the horizontal. Direction of Slip: Vertical motion where the hanging wall moves upward relative to the footwall. Reverse faults typically form in compressional tectonic settings, such as convergent plate boundaries.

15. C. Developing and Deepening Understanding Types of Fault Type of fault: Reverse Faults (Thrust Faults) Generation of Seismic Activity: Reverse faults form in areas undergoing compressional tectonic stress, where the Earth's crust is being pushed together. As the hanging wall moves upward relative to the footwall, compressional stress builds up along the fault plane. When the accumulated stress exceeds the strength of the rocks, they break along the fault, releasing stored energy as seismic waves.

16. C. Developing and Deepening Understanding Types of Fault Type of fault: Strike-Slip Faults Fault Plane Angle: Nearly vertical, with minimal inclination from the horizontal. Direction of Slip : Horizontal motion where the movement is predominantly lateral along the fault plane. Strike-slip faults are common in transform plate boundaries, where two tectonic plates slide past each other horizontally.

17. C. Developing and Deepening Understanding Types of Fault Type of fault: Strike-Slip Faults Generation of Seismic Activity : Strike-slip faults form in areas undergoing lateral tectonic stress, where the Earth's crust is moving horizontally past each other. Stress builds up along the fault plane due to the friction between the moving plates. When the frictional resistance is overcome, the rocks on either side of the fault suddenly slip past each other, releasing energy in the form of seismic waves.

18. Fault Movement and Earthquakes 1 Build-Up of Stress Movement along faults creates stress and pressure in the Earth's crust. 2 Release of Energy When the stress becomes too great, the rocks break, releasing energy as seismic waves that cause earthquakes. 3 Seismic Waves These waves travel through the Earth and can cause significant ground shaking and damage. C. Developing and Deepening Understanding

19. C. Developing and Deepening Understanding Philippine Fault System Active Faults These faults have a history of recent movement and are considered a high risk for earthquakes. Inactive Faults These faults have not moved in a long time but may still pose a risk. Fault Zones Areas with multiple faults that are interconnected.

20. C. Developing and Deepening Understanding Active and Inactive Fault Lines 1 The Philippine Fault Zone (PFZ) is a major active fault system that runs the length of the archipelago. 2 The West Philippine Basin Fault System is another active fault system located in the western part of the Philippines. 3 The Eastern Philippine Fault System is located in the eastern part of the Philippines and is considered inactive.

21. C. Developing and Deepening Understanding Subduction Zones Tectonic Plate Boundaries The Philippine Plate is subducting beneath the Eurasian and Pacific Plates, creating volcanic arcs and deep earthquakes. Transform Boundaries The Philippine Plate also has transform boundaries with the Eurasian and Pacific Plates, causing strike-slip faults and shallow earthquakes. Convergence The convergence of these plates leads to the formation of the complex and active fault systems in the Philippines.

22. C. Developing and Deepening Understanding Safer Locations During Earthquakes 1 Areas away from fault lines 2 Buildings designed with seismic resistance 3 Open spaces and evacuation routes

23. C. Developing and Deepening Understanding Earthquake Preparedness 1 Understand risks Know your local fault lines and the potential for earthquakes. 2 Prepare for disasters Have an emergency plan and disaster kit ready. 3 Stay informed Listen to official sources for warnings and instructions.

24. C. Developing and Deepening Understanding Worked Example Write T if the statement is TRUE and F if the statement is FALSE. _______1. Normal faults are caused by compressive forces that push the hanging wall up and the footwall down. _______2. Reverse faults are caused by tensional forces that pull the hanging wall up and the footwall down. F T

25. C. Developing and Deepening Understanding Worked Example Write T if the statement is TRUE and F if the statement is FALSE. _______3. Strike-slip faults involve horizontal movement along the fault plane. _______4. Active faults are currently moving and have the potential to generate earthquakes. T T

26. C. Developing and Deepening Understanding Worked Example Write T if the statement is TRUE and F if the statement is FALSE. _______5. Inactive faults are no longer moving and do not pose a seismic risk. _______6. The Philippine Fault Zone is an active fault system that runs through the center of the Philippines. T T

27. C. Developing and Deepening Understanding Worked Example Write T if the statement is TRUE and F if the statement is FALSE. _______7. The Marikina Valley Fault System is an active fault system located in Metro Manila. _______8. Fault lines are always visible on the Earth's surface. T F

28. C. Developing and Deepening Understanding Worked Example Write T if the statement is TRUE and F if the statement is FALSE. _______9. Subduction zones, where one tectonic plate is pushed under another, are a type of reverse fault. _______10. Earthquakes can only occur along active fault lines. T F

29. C. Developing and Deepening Understanding LESSON ACTIVITY Are You in a Safe Location? Let the learners analyze the Philippine East and West Valley Fault lines and answer the processing questions. Processing Questions: Which locations does the West Valley Fault passed through? How about the East Valley Fault? Considering your location, do you think you are safe?

30. D. MAKING GENERALIZATION Learners’ Takeaways KWL Chart: Using the graphic organizer, the students will answer the L column or what they have learned about the lesson. D. MAKING GENERALIZATION

31. D. MAKING GENERALIZATION Reflection on Learning Why is it important to know the locations of safe spaces during earthquakes in the Philippines? What are the potential consequences of not recognizing safe locations during an earthquake in the Philippines?

32. E. EVALUATING LEARNING E. EVALUATING LEARNING E. EVALUATING LEARNING _________ 1. What is the main difference between an active fault and an inactive fault? Active faults are longer than inactive faults Active faults have had movement in the last 10,000 years, while inactive faults have not Active faults are located near tectonic plate boundaries, while inactive faults are not Active faults are deeper underground than inactive faults

33. E. EVALUATING LEARNING E. EVALUATING LEARNING E. EVALUATING LEARNING _________ 2. Which of the following is NOT a type of fault? a) Normal fault b) Reverse fault c) Strike-slip fault d) Erosional fault

34. E. EVALUATING LEARNING E. EVALUATING LEARNING E. EVALUATING LEARNING _________ 3. Where are fault lines most commonly found? In the middle of tectonic plates At the boundaries between tectonic plates Randomly distributed across the Earth's surface d) Only in areas with high seismic activity

35. E. EVALUATING LEARNING E. EVALUATING LEARNING E. EVALUATING LEARNING _________ 4. Which of these is the largest fault line in the Philippines? a) Philippine Fault b) Manila Trench c) Marikina Valley Fault System d) Mindanao Fault

36. E. EVALUATING LEARNING E. EVALUATING LEARNING E. EVALUATING LEARNING _________ 5. What is the primary cause of fault movement? a) Erosion b) Volcanic activity c) Tectonic plate movement d) Gravity

37. E. EVALUATING LEARNING E. EVALUATING LEARNING E. EVALUATING LEARNING _________ 6. Which of the following is a characteristic of an active fault? Has had movement in the last 10,000 years b) Located near plate boundaries c) Poses a high risk of earthquakes d) All of the above

38. E. EVALUATING LEARNING E. EVALUATING LEARNING E. EVALUATING LEARNING _________ 7. What is the name of the fault line that runs along the western coast of the Philippines? a) Philippine Fault b) Manila Trench c) Marikina Valley Fault System d) Mindanao Fault

39. E. EVALUATING LEARNING E. EVALUATING LEARNING E. EVALUATING LEARNING _________ 8. Which type of fault is characterized by the two blocks sliding past each other horizontally? a) Normal fault b) Reverse fault c) Strike-slip fault d) Oblique-slip fault

40. E. EVALUATING LEARNING E. EVALUATING LEARNING E. EVALUATING LEARNING _________ 9. What is the primary risk associated with active fault lines? a) Flooding b) Volcanic eruptions c) Earthquakes d) Landslides

41. E. EVALUATING LEARNING E. EVALUATING LEARNING E. EVALUATING LEARNING _________ 10. How can the presence of an active fault line impact development and construction? It requires special building codes and reinforcement. It makes the area unsuitable for any development It increases the risk of natural disasters like tsunamis All of the above

42. E. EVALUATING LEARNING E. EVALUATING LEARNING E. EVALUATING LEARNING b) Active faults have had movement in the last 10,000 years, while inactive faults have not. d) Erosional fault b) At the boundaries between tectonic plates a) Philippine Fault c) Tectonic plate movement d) All of the above b) Manila Trench c) Strike-slip fault c) Earthquakes d) All of the above ANSWERS KEY

43. Reference : SCIENCE 7 LESSON EXEMPLAR ● Samonte , B. S. et.al. First edition (2019). Science 8 Quarter 2 – Module 1: Earthquakes and Faults, Department of Education Caraga https://www.britannica.com/science/seismicity, accessed: 02/24/2024 ● Yanukovich , Y. (2024, January 30). Top countries where earthquakes most often occur. Realting.com. https://realting.com/news/which-countries-are-most-prone-to-earthquakes lifted: 02/24/2024